Effect of quercetin on some biochemical parameters in adult rats treated with sodium nitrite
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Abstract
Sodium nitrite and quercetin are frequently employed as protective agents on glucose levels, levels of thyroid hormones, and lipid profile. The present study aimed to see the quercetin effect on some biochemical parameters in adult rats treated with sodium nitrite. A total of twenty-one laboratory animals (Wistar albino rats) were used in this experiment, separated into three groups of seven animals each. During the trial, Group I was given water only to drink and Group II received sodium nitrite directly by oral feeding needle. The study used 80 mg.kg-1/body weight (BW) of sodium nitrite, while Group IIIreceived drinking water containing sodium nitrite orally in doses of up to 80 mg.kg-1 BW and quercetin with a (50 mg/kg ). After blood was drawn and serum extracted, the parameters determined were thyroid hormones, lipids, Homeostasis Model Evaluation for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and glucose level. The study observed that compared to the controls, the insulin (HOMA-IR) and sugar levels and lipid profile of the sodium-nitrite treated group were much higher. The sodium nitrite-treated group also had a substantial drop in thyroid hormone concentrations and a rise in Thyroid Stimulated Hormone (TSH), whereas the quercetin alleviated the harmful effects of sodium nitrate by lowering blood sugar, insulin, HOMA-IR,and improved the lipid profile. There was an improvement in glucose, insulin resistance, lipidemia, and TSH hormone levels, which increased as a result of exposure to nitrite. Thus, the present study demonstrated how quercetin protected against sodium nitrite-induced toxicity by improving several biochemical parameters in adult rats.
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Keywords
Glucose, Insulin, Lipid profile, Quercetin, Sodium nitrite, Thyroid hormones
References
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Aljadaan, S.A.N.; Elias, R.S & Al-Anssari, R.A (2020) Investigation of the Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Novel Quercetin Derivatives. BiointerfaceRes. Appl. Chem., 10, 7329–7336
Ansari P, Choudhury ST, Seidel V, Rahman AB, Aziz MA& Richi AE. (2022)Therapeutic potential of quercetin in the management of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Life,12(8),1146
Azeem. M., Hanif, M., Mahmood, K., Ameer, N., Chughtai, F & Abid, U. (2023) An insight into anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin. A review. Polymer Bulletin., 80(1), 241-262
Batiha, G.S., Beshbishy ,A.M & Ikram, M. (2020) The pharmacological activity, biochemical properties,and pharmacokinetics of the major natural polyphenolic flavonoid: quercetin. Foods.9:374
Bowe, J.E.; Franklin, Z.J.; Hauge-Evans, A.C.; King, A.J.; Persaud, S.J.& Jones, P.M.(2014) Metabolic phenotyping guidelines: Assessing glucose homeostasis in rodent models. J. Endocrinol., 222, G13–G25.
Burtis ,C.A, Ashwood, E.R.& Bruns, D.E. (2012). Tietz Textbook of clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics. By saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.USA.
Castillo, R.L., Herrera E.A., Gonzalez-Candia A., Reyes-Farias M., de la Jara N., Peña J.P. & Carrasco-Pozo ,C.( 2018) Quercetin Prevents Diastolic Dysfunction Induced by a High-Cholesterol Diet: Role of Oxidative Stress and Bioenergetics in Hyperglycemic Rats. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. ;1–14,7239123
Dhanya, R & Kartha, C.C. (2021) Quercetin Improves Oxidative Stress-Induced Pancreatic Beta Cell Alterations via MTOR-Signaling. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 476,3879–3887.doi: 10.1007/s11010-021-04193-3.
Di Petrillo, A., Orrù, G., Fais, A. & Fantini, M.C. (2022) Quercetin and its derivates as antiviral potentials: A comprehensive review. Phytotherapy Res. 36, 266–278
Dohan, O.& Carrasco N.(2003) Advances in Na+/I- symporter (NIS) research in the thyroid and beyond. Mol. Cell Endocrin., 213, 59–70
El-Nabarawy, N. A., Gouda, A. S., Khattab, M. A & Rashed, L. A.( 2020). Effects of nitrite graded doses on hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, histopathological alterations, and activation of apoptosis in adult rats. Env.Sci Poll. Res, 1–14.
El-Wakf A.M., Hassan, H.A, Mahmoud AZ.& Habza.,M.N.(2015) Fenugreek potent activity against nitrate-induced diabetes in young and adult male rats. Cytotechnology.;67(3),437–47. 24615531. Available from.
Gheibi S, Bakhtiarzadeh F, Jeddi S, Farrokhfall K, Zardooz H.& Ghasemi A. (2018) Effects of long-term nitrate supplementation on carbohydrate metabolism, lipid profiles, oxidative stress, and inflammation in male obese type 2 diabetic rats .Nitric Oxide. 1,75,27-41
Helal,E G.., El-Sayed, R..A. & El-Gamal ,M. S.(2017) Assessment of the Physiological Changes Induced by Sodium Nitrite, Annatto or Mono Sodium Glutamate in Male Albino Rats.EJHM. 67(1) , 330- 335 .
Helal, E.G., Zahkouk, S.A. &. Mekawy, H.A.(2000). Effect of some food colours (synthetic and natural products) on liver and kidney functions of young albino rats. Egypt.J.Hosp. Med. 1, 103-113.
Hosseini, A.,Razavi B.M., Banach M. & Hosseinzadeh H.(2021) Quercetin and metabolic syndrome: A review. Phytother. Res. ;35,5352–5364.doi: 10.1002/ptr.7144
Huixing, L& Daoquan, P .(2022)Update on dyslipidemia in hypothyroidism: the mechanism of dyslipidemia in hypothyroidism .Euro sci Endocrine: 11(2)
Kahn, C.R.& Rosenthal, A.S. (1979)Immunologic reactions to insulin, insulin allergy, insulin resistance and autoimmune insulin syndrome. J. Diabetes Care.; 2: 283-295.
Karwowska,M&Kononiuk,A.(2020) Nitrates/Nitrites in Food—Risk for Nitrosative Stress and Benefits .Antioxidants . 9 (3), 241.
Kostner ,G.M. (1976) . Enzymatic determination of cholesterol in high density lipoprotein fraction prepered by polyanion precipitation. Clinical. Chemistry, 22(5): 698
Kostogrys RB., Pisulewski PM., PecioA.(2006)a Nitrates affect thyroid status and serum triacylglycerols in Wistar rats. Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 15/56, 1, 71–76.
Kostogrys, R. B.; Pisulewski, P. M. and Pecio, A. (2006)bNitrites affect thyroid status and serum lipoproteins in wistar rats. Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci; 15/56 (3):353–358.
Kuś A, Marouli E, Del Greco MF, Chaker L, Bednarczuk T. & Peeters R, (2021) Variation in normal range thyroid function affects serum cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and type 2 diabetes risk: a mendelian randomization study. Thyroid;31 721–731
Mavromati,M& Jornayvaz1,F (2021) Hypothyroidism-Associated Dyslipidemia:Potential Molecular Mechanisms Leading to NAFLD.Int J Mol Sci ; 22(23): 12797
Muselin F., Cristina R.T., Dumitrescu E., Doma A.O., Radulov I., Berbecea A.A., Horablaga A., Morariu F.E., Manea D.N. &Horablaga N.M. (2022) Quercetin Beneficial Role in the Homeostatic Variation of Certain Trace Elements in Dyslipidemic Mice. Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med. :3299505.doi: 10.1155/2022/3299505.
Papakyriakopoulou, P., Velidakis, N., Khattab, E .,Valsami, G., Korakianitis, &Kadoglou, N (2022) Potential Pharmaceutical Applications of Quercetin in Cardiovascular Diseases. Pharmaceuticals; 15(8), 1019
Shabbir U, Rubab M.&DaliriE.(2021) Curcumin, quercetin, catechins and metabolic diseases: the role of gut Microbiota. Nutrients,; 13, 206.
Shi, G.J., Li ,Y., Cao, Q.H., Wu ,H.X., Tang, X.Y. & Gao, X.H.( 2019) In vitro and in vivo evidence that quercetin protects against diabetes and its complications: A systematic review of the literature. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 109,1085-1099.doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.130.
Stell ,R .G and Torrie, J. H. (1980). Principles and produce of statistics. 2-nd ed. Mc.Graw-Hill. Company. Inc., London.
Tietz, N.W.(1990) Clinical Guide to laboratory tests. (2nd ed). W.B. Saunders Company, PhiladelphiaPP: 246-250.
Wai ,K. ,Yeung ,A., Choudhary, N & Tewari ,D (2021) Quercetin: total-scale literature landscape analysis of a valuable nutraceutical with numerous potential applications in the promotion of human and animal. Anim Sci Paper Rep., 39, 199–212.
Xie J., Song W., Liang X., Zhang Q., Shi Y., Liu W. & Shi X.(2020) Protective effect of quercetin on streptozotocin-induced diabetic peripheral neuropathy rats through modulating gut microbiota and reactive oxygen species level. Biomed. Pharmacother. ;127,110147.doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110147
Xie , Y., Geng,Y., Yao, J ., Chen, F., Xiao , J. & Hu, X (2023) N-nitrosamines in processed meats: Exposure, formation and mitigation strategies.J.Agri.Food .Res. 13,100645
Yang, D., Wang, T., Long, M & Li, P. (2020) Quercetin: Its main pharmacological activity and potential application in clinical medicine. Oxid Med Cell Longev.2020: 8825387.
Zaidi, Z.F. (2020) Sodium Nitrite-Induced Hypoxic Nephrotoxicity in Adult Rats. Ann. Clin. Anat. 3(1), 1009.
Zaki, A., Ait Chaoui, A., Talibi, A., Derouiche, A. F., Aboussaouira, T., Zarrouck, K., Chait, A., &Himmi, T. (2004). Impact of nitrate intake in drinking water on the thyroid gland activity in male rat. Toxicol. Lett. 147, 27–33.
Zhao, P., Hu ,Z., Ma ,W., Zang,L., Tian ,Z. &Hou,Q (2020) Quercetin alleviates hyperthyroidism-induced liver damage via Nrf2 Signaling pathway. Biofactors, 46(4),608-6
Aljadaan, S.A.N.; Elias, R.S & Al-Anssari, R.A (2020) Investigation of the Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Novel Quercetin Derivatives. BiointerfaceRes. Appl. Chem., 10, 7329–7336
Ansari P, Choudhury ST, Seidel V, Rahman AB, Aziz MA& Richi AE. (2022)Therapeutic potential of quercetin in the management of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Life,12(8),1146
Azeem. M., Hanif, M., Mahmood, K., Ameer, N., Chughtai, F & Abid, U. (2023) An insight into anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin. A review. Polymer Bulletin., 80(1), 241-262
Batiha, G.S., Beshbishy ,A.M & Ikram, M. (2020) The pharmacological activity, biochemical properties,and pharmacokinetics of the major natural polyphenolic flavonoid: quercetin. Foods.9:374
Bowe, J.E.; Franklin, Z.J.; Hauge-Evans, A.C.; King, A.J.; Persaud, S.J.& Jones, P.M.(2014) Metabolic phenotyping guidelines: Assessing glucose homeostasis in rodent models. J. Endocrinol., 222, G13–G25.
Burtis ,C.A, Ashwood, E.R.& Bruns, D.E. (2012). Tietz Textbook of clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics. By saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.USA.
Castillo, R.L., Herrera E.A., Gonzalez-Candia A., Reyes-Farias M., de la Jara N., Peña J.P. & Carrasco-Pozo ,C.( 2018) Quercetin Prevents Diastolic Dysfunction Induced by a High-Cholesterol Diet: Role of Oxidative Stress and Bioenergetics in Hyperglycemic Rats. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. ;1–14,7239123
Dhanya, R & Kartha, C.C. (2021) Quercetin Improves Oxidative Stress-Induced Pancreatic Beta Cell Alterations via MTOR-Signaling. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 476,3879–3887.doi: 10.1007/s11010-021-04193-3.
Di Petrillo, A., Orrù, G., Fais, A. & Fantini, M.C. (2022) Quercetin and its derivates as antiviral potentials: A comprehensive review. Phytotherapy Res. 36, 266–278
Dohan, O.& Carrasco N.(2003) Advances in Na+/I- symporter (NIS) research in the thyroid and beyond. Mol. Cell Endocrin., 213, 59–70
El-Nabarawy, N. A., Gouda, A. S., Khattab, M. A & Rashed, L. A.( 2020). Effects of nitrite graded doses on hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, histopathological alterations, and activation of apoptosis in adult rats. Env.Sci Poll. Res, 1–14.
El-Wakf A.M., Hassan, H.A, Mahmoud AZ.& Habza.,M.N.(2015) Fenugreek potent activity against nitrate-induced diabetes in young and adult male rats. Cytotechnology.;67(3),437–47. 24615531. Available from.
Gheibi S, Bakhtiarzadeh F, Jeddi S, Farrokhfall K, Zardooz H.& Ghasemi A. (2018) Effects of long-term nitrate supplementation on carbohydrate metabolism, lipid profiles, oxidative stress, and inflammation in male obese type 2 diabetic rats .Nitric Oxide. 1,75,27-41
Helal,E G.., El-Sayed, R..A. & El-Gamal ,M. S.(2017) Assessment of the Physiological Changes Induced by Sodium Nitrite, Annatto or Mono Sodium Glutamate in Male Albino Rats.EJHM. 67(1) , 330- 335 .
Helal, E.G., Zahkouk, S.A. &. Mekawy, H.A.(2000). Effect of some food colours (synthetic and natural products) on liver and kidney functions of young albino rats. Egypt.J.Hosp. Med. 1, 103-113.
Hosseini, A.,Razavi B.M., Banach M. & Hosseinzadeh H.(2021) Quercetin and metabolic syndrome: A review. Phytother. Res. ;35,5352–5364.doi: 10.1002/ptr.7144
Huixing, L& Daoquan, P .(2022)Update on dyslipidemia in hypothyroidism: the mechanism of dyslipidemia in hypothyroidism .Euro sci Endocrine: 11(2)
Kahn, C.R.& Rosenthal, A.S. (1979)Immunologic reactions to insulin, insulin allergy, insulin resistance and autoimmune insulin syndrome. J. Diabetes Care.; 2: 283-295.
Karwowska,M&Kononiuk,A.(2020) Nitrates/Nitrites in Food—Risk for Nitrosative Stress and Benefits .Antioxidants . 9 (3), 241.
Kostner ,G.M. (1976) . Enzymatic determination of cholesterol in high density lipoprotein fraction prepered by polyanion precipitation. Clinical. Chemistry, 22(5): 698
Kostogrys RB., Pisulewski PM., PecioA.(2006)a Nitrates affect thyroid status and serum triacylglycerols in Wistar rats. Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 15/56, 1, 71–76.
Kostogrys, R. B.; Pisulewski, P. M. and Pecio, A. (2006)bNitrites affect thyroid status and serum lipoproteins in wistar rats. Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci; 15/56 (3):353–358.
Kuś A, Marouli E, Del Greco MF, Chaker L, Bednarczuk T. & Peeters R, (2021) Variation in normal range thyroid function affects serum cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and type 2 diabetes risk: a mendelian randomization study. Thyroid;31 721–731
Mavromati,M& Jornayvaz1,F (2021) Hypothyroidism-Associated Dyslipidemia:Potential Molecular Mechanisms Leading to NAFLD.Int J Mol Sci ; 22(23): 12797
Muselin F., Cristina R.T., Dumitrescu E., Doma A.O., Radulov I., Berbecea A.A., Horablaga A., Morariu F.E., Manea D.N. &Horablaga N.M. (2022) Quercetin Beneficial Role in the Homeostatic Variation of Certain Trace Elements in Dyslipidemic Mice. Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med. :3299505.doi: 10.1155/2022/3299505.
Papakyriakopoulou, P., Velidakis, N., Khattab, E .,Valsami, G., Korakianitis, &Kadoglou, N (2022) Potential Pharmaceutical Applications of Quercetin in Cardiovascular Diseases. Pharmaceuticals; 15(8), 1019
Shabbir U, Rubab M.&DaliriE.(2021) Curcumin, quercetin, catechins and metabolic diseases: the role of gut Microbiota. Nutrients,; 13, 206.
Shi, G.J., Li ,Y., Cao, Q.H., Wu ,H.X., Tang, X.Y. & Gao, X.H.( 2019) In vitro and in vivo evidence that quercetin protects against diabetes and its complications: A systematic review of the literature. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 109,1085-1099.doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.130.
Stell ,R .G and Torrie, J. H. (1980). Principles and produce of statistics. 2-nd ed. Mc.Graw-Hill. Company. Inc., London.
Tietz, N.W.(1990) Clinical Guide to laboratory tests. (2nd ed). W.B. Saunders Company, PhiladelphiaPP: 246-250.
Wai ,K. ,Yeung ,A., Choudhary, N & Tewari ,D (2021) Quercetin: total-scale literature landscape analysis of a valuable nutraceutical with numerous potential applications in the promotion of human and animal. Anim Sci Paper Rep., 39, 199–212.
Xie J., Song W., Liang X., Zhang Q., Shi Y., Liu W. & Shi X.(2020) Protective effect of quercetin on streptozotocin-induced diabetic peripheral neuropathy rats through modulating gut microbiota and reactive oxygen species level. Biomed. Pharmacother. ;127,110147.doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110147
Xie , Y., Geng,Y., Yao, J ., Chen, F., Xiao , J. & Hu, X (2023) N-nitrosamines in processed meats: Exposure, formation and mitigation strategies.J.Agri.Food .Res. 13,100645
Yang, D., Wang, T., Long, M & Li, P. (2020) Quercetin: Its main pharmacological activity and potential application in clinical medicine. Oxid Med Cell Longev.2020: 8825387.
Zaidi, Z.F. (2020) Sodium Nitrite-Induced Hypoxic Nephrotoxicity in Adult Rats. Ann. Clin. Anat. 3(1), 1009.
Zaki, A., Ait Chaoui, A., Talibi, A., Derouiche, A. F., Aboussaouira, T., Zarrouck, K., Chait, A., &Himmi, T. (2004). Impact of nitrate intake in drinking water on the thyroid gland activity in male rat. Toxicol. Lett. 147, 27–33.
Zhao, P., Hu ,Z., Ma ,W., Zang,L., Tian ,Z. &Hou,Q (2020) Quercetin alleviates hyperthyroidism-induced liver damage via Nrf2 Signaling pathway. Biofactors, 46(4),608-6
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Effect of quercetin on some biochemical parameters in adult rats treated with sodium nitrite. (2024). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 16(1), 221-225. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v16i1.5326
