Monitoring the status of Human-wildlife conflict and its impact on community based conservation in Bandhavgarh tiger reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
The Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve is one of the famous tiger reserve in India. The human wildlife conflict is on rise for few years. A total of 194 human casualties and 1960 livestock depredation were reported between 2001 to 2011. Out of 194 casualties, 6.7% were lethal which caused death and 93.3% were injuries. Out of these maximum 37.57% (68) were reported by Jackal (Canis aureus) followed by 27.64% (50) of Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus), 20.99% (38) by Wild boar (Sus scrofa), 8.84% (16) by Tiger (Panthera tigris), 3.31% (6) by Leopard (Panthera Pardus) and 1.65% (3) by other carnivores. Out of 194 casualties 71.13% were male and 28.87% were female. The livestock killings were reported to be 1960 out of which maximum 81.78% (1603) were by tiger followed by 17.60% (345) by leopard and rest 0.62% (12) by other carnivores. The mean livestock killing was 178.182±42.82 (SE) per year. Discussions and surveys were made with affected peoples to know the views about conflict and its alleviation by using Close ended questionnaire. Total 180 individuals were surveyed. Out of these 151 (83.89 %) respondent felt that wildlife should be conserved while 29 (16.11 %) felt there is no need for conservation. Adequate compensation, habitat management practices, livestock and crop insurance scheme and bio fencing around the affected villages and conservation awareness could be the way to mitigate existing conflict.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Community perspective, Compensation, Crop damage, Habitat Management, Livestock depredation, Human casualties
Bhattarai, Babu Ram (2009). Human tiger (panthera tigris tigris) conflict in Bardia national park, Nepal. M.Sc. Thesis, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald. http://www.forestrynepal.org/images/thesis/MS_thesis_09_Human-Tiger_conflict.pdf downloaded in 05/08/2011
Charoo, S. A., Sharma, L. K., and Sathyakumar, S. (2009). Asiatic Black Bear-Human Conflicts around Dachigam National Park, Kashmir.
Chartier L., Zimmermann A. and Ladle R.J. (2011). Habitat loss and human–elephant conflict in Assam, India: does a critical threshold exist? Oryx,45(04):528-533
Chellam, Ravi (2010), India’s Leopard Problem. Sanctuary Asia, Vol. XXX No. (4), 20-25.
Gurung, B., Smith, J. L. D., McDougal, C., Karki, J. B. and Barlow, A. (2008). Factors associated with human-killing tiger in Chitwan National Park, Nepal. Biological Conservation 141: 3069-3078.
Madhusudan, M.D. (2003). Living amidst large wildlife: Livestock and crop depradation by large mammals in the interior villages of Bhadra Tiger Reserve, South India. Environmental Management, 31(4): 466–475.
Madhusudan M.D. and Mishra C. (2003). Why big, fierce animals are threatened: conserving large mammals in densely populated landscapes. In: Battles over nature: the science and politics of conservation in India, (Eds. Saberwal, V.K. and Rangarajan, M.), Permanent Black, New Delhi, pp. 31–55.
Matarasso, M. (2004). Targeting behaviour: developing conservation education, communications and advocacy programmes with the participation of local communities. Hanoi: WWF Indochina Programme.
Messmer, T. A. (2000). The emergence of human-wildlife conflict management: turning challenges into opportunities. International Biodeterioration & Biodegredation 45: 97-102.
Miquelle, D.G., Nikolaev, I., Goodrich, J.M., Litvinov, B., Smirnov, E.N. and Suvorov, E. (2005). People and tigers in the Russian Far East: searching for the ‘coexistence recipe’. In People and Wildlife, Conflict or Coexistence? (eds R. Woodroffe,S. Thirgood & A. Rabinowitz), pp. 305–322. Cambridge University Press, New York, USA.
Muhammed, N., Kamal, M. T., Haque, F., Chowdhury, M. S. H. and Koike, M. (2007). A study on the Royal Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) of the Sundarbans in Bangaladesh with special reference to tiger-human conflict. J. Socio. Res. Dev. 4: 86-91
Nugraha, R.T. and Sugardjito, J. (2009). Assessment and management options of human–tiger conflicts in Kerinci Seblat National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia. Mammal Study, 34, 141–154.
Nyhus, P.J. and Tilson, R., (2004). Characterizing human–tiger conflict in Sumatra, Indonesia:implications for conservation. Oryx 38: 68–74.
Ogra, M. and Badola, R. (2008). Compensating human-wildlife conflict in protected area communities: ground-level perspectives from Uttarkhanda, India. Human Ecology 36: 717-729.
Oli, M. K., Taylor, I. R. and Rogers, M. E. (1994). Snow Leopard Panthera uncia predation of livestock: an assessment of local perceptions in the AnnapurnaConservation Area, Nepal. Biological Conservation 68: 63-68.
Prakasam, U. (2005). Management Plan for Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve, Umaria, Madhya Pradesh.
Quammen, D., (2003). Monster of God: The Man-Eating Predator in the Jungles of History and the Mind. W. W. Norton, New York.
Rahalkar, K. (2008). Attitudes of local people to conflict with leopards (Panthera pardus) in an agricultural landscape in Maharashtra, India. M.Sc. Thesis. Mahipal University. NCBS, Banglore.
Schwerdtner, K., and B. Gruber. (2007). A conceptual framework for damage compensation schemes. Biological Conservation, 134:354-360.
Sillero-Zubiri , C., Sukamar, and Treves, A. (2006). Living with wildlife: the roots of conflict and the solutions. In Key Topics in Conservation Biology (eds D.W. Macdonald & K. Service), pp. 253–270. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK.
Singh, Somesh, Shrivastava, A.B. and Singh, Rohit. (2010). International conference on wildlife conservation and disease management. A post millennium approach held w.e.f. 3rd to 5th February 2010.
Tamilnadu veterinary and animal sciences university, Chennai. P.104.
Sukumar, R. (1991). The management of large mammals in relation to male strategies and conflict with people. Biological Conservation, 55:93-102.
This work is licensed under Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) © Author (s)
