Influence of nitrogen on guttation fluid and development of bacterial blight of rice
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Bacterial blight disease of rice is major constraint in rice cultivation. This disease is influenced by prevailing weather conditions, rice physiology and nutrition. The experiment was carried out to assess the role of nitrogenous fertilizer on development of bacterial blight disease of rice and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae density in guttation fluid. Disease development increased with increase in nitrogen fertilizer, among four doses of nitrogen tested (control, 36, 54,72 kg urea/acre), disease severity was maximum in the plot supplied with highest dose of nitrogen i.e. 72 kg urea/acre at both seedling (19.3%) and tillering stage (32.4%) at 30 days after inoculation. The highest population density of X. oryzae pv. oryzae (6.02 log cfu/ml) was also recovered in guttation fluid collected from X.oryzaepv. oryzae inoculated plants at tillering stage, from the plots supplied with highest dose (72 kg urea/acre) of nitrogen.Scanning electron microscopic studies also revealed intense colonization by X. oryzae pv. oryzae in rice leaves supplied with high nitrogen dose.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Bacterial blight, Guttation, Nitrogen, Rice, Scanning electron microscope
Akhtar, M.A., Rafi A. and Hameed, A. (2008). Comparison of methods of inoculation of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in rice cultivars. Pak. J. Bot. 40: 2171-2175.
Brar, J. S.(1992). Perpetuation of Xanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae under North Indian conditions. Ph.D. Dissertation. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.
Cha, K. H., Lim, Y. S., Kim, H. J., Lee, D. K. and Kim, M. S. (1982). Effects of application of levels of fertilizer on the susceptibility to bacterial leaf blight, yield and quality of grains in nineteen rice cultivars in Jeonnam Region. Korean J. Plant Prot.21: 216-221.
Ding, X. S., Boydston, C. M. and Nelson, R. S. (2001). Presence of Brome mosaic virus in barley guttation fluid and its association with localized cell death response. Phytopathology. 91: 440-448.
Feng, T. Y. and Kuo, T. T. (1975). Chemotactic response of Xanthomonas oryzae toward water droplets collected from water pores on the leaf of rice plants. Bot Bull Acdemia Sinica. 16: 126-136.
Gnanamanickam, S. S., Priyadarshini, V. B., Narayanan, N. N., Vasudevan, P. and Kavitha, S. (1999). An overview of bacterial blight disease of rice and strategies for its management. Current Science. 77: 1435- 1443.
Ho, B. L. and Lim, W. C. (1979). Effects of nitrogen and planting density on bacterial blight Xanthomonas oryzae of rice. Malays. Agric. J.52: 171–176.
Horino, O. (1984). Ultrastructure of water pores in Leersia japonica Makino and Oryza sativa L.: Its correlation with the resistance to hydathodal invasion of Xanthomonascampestrispv. oryzae. Ann. Phytopathol. Soc. Jpn. 50:72-76.
Lore, J. S., Vikal, Y., Hunjan, M. S., Goel, R. K., Bharaj, T. S. and Raina, G. L. (2011). Genotypic and pathotypic diversity of Xanthomonasoryzaepv. oryzae, the cause of bacterial blight of rice in Punjab state of India. J. Phytopathol. 159: 479–487.
Mew, T. W., Mew, I. C. and Haung, J. S. (1984). Scanning of microscopy of virulent and avirulent strains of Xanthomonascampestris pv. campestris on rice leaves. Phytopathology. 74: 635-641.
Mew, T. W., Vera Cruz, C. M. and Reyes, R. C. (1979). Effect of nitrogen on lesion development in rice resistant to bacterial blight. Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 4:12-13.
Myint, S. S., Nyunt, K. M., Ko, H. K. and Thein, M. M. (2007). Study on the effect of different urea fertilizer rates and plant populations on the severity of bacterial blight (BB) of Rice. J. Agr. Rural Dev. Trop. 108: 161–67.
Ou, S. H. (1985). Rice diseases. 2d ed, pp 360. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey, England.
Raina, G. L., Sidhu, G. S. and Saini, P. K. (1981) Rice bacterial blight status in Punjab, India. Int Rice Res Newsl.6: 13.
Reddy, A. P. K., Katyal, J. C., Rouse, D. I. and MacKenzie, D. R. (1979).Relationship between nitrogen fertilization bacterial leaf blight severity, and yield of rice. Phytopathology 69: 970-973.
Sakai, D. S. (1990). The effect of nitrate and ammonium fertilizer on the contents of Anthuriumguttation fluid. Proc 3rdAnthurium Blight Conference. pp 18-21. University of Hawaii, Hilo.
This work is licensed under Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) © Author (s)
