Heterosis for yield and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
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Abstract
Twenty F1 hybrids from three CMS lines and eight pollen parents were evaluated to study the heterosis for various yield and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.). The findings suggested that the magnitude of heterosis differed from character to character and cross to cross. Majority of the hybrids recorded desirable heterosis for grain yield. Among the rice hybrids exhibiting high heterosis for grain yield, IR-68897A x Pusa Sugandh-3, IR-58025A x HUR-JM-59221 and IR-58025A x Pusa Sugandh-5 were top performers. The hybrid, IR-68897A x Pusa Sugandh-3 recorded highest yield per plant, and was among the best three performers for traits, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and number of effective tillers per plant. Thus, IR-68897A x Pusa Sugandh-3 may be considered as the best heterotic combination for yield and yield traits. Among the three high yielding hybrids, IR-58025A x Pusa Sugandh-5 was found to be relatively better performing for majority of the quality traits. Thus, IR-58025A x Pusa Sugandh-5 may be considered as the best cross combination if both yield and quality traits are taken into consideration.
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Keywords
Cross combination, Heterosis, Quality, Rice, Yield
References
Adilakshmi, D. and Reddy, P. R. (2011). Heterosis and inbreeding depression for grain quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Res. Crops, 12(2): 489-492.
Bagheri, N. and Jelodar, N. B. (2010). Heterosis and combining ability analysis for yield and related yield traits in hybrid rice. Int. J. Biol., 2(2): 222-231.
Bhandarkar, S., Rastogi, N. K. and Kumar, A. (2005). Study of heterosis in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Oryza, 42(3): 218-219.
Gawas, Y. K., Bhave, S. G., Bendale, V. W., Sawant, S. S. and Jadhav, B. B. (2007). Nature and magnitude of heterosis for growth yield and yield components in hybrid rice. J. Maharastra Agric. Univ., 32(1): 52-56.
Gokulakrishnan, J. and Kumar, S. (2013). Heterotic studies using cytoplasmic male sterile lines for enhancing yield attributed traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int. J. Curr. Res., 5(1): 27-29.
Jayashudha, S. and Sharma, D. (2009). Combining ability and gene action analysis for grain yield and its components in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J. Rice Res., 2(7): 105-111.
Juliano, B. O. and Duff, B. (1991). Rice grain quality as an emerging priority in national breeding programs. In: Rice Grain Marketing and Quality Issues. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines, pp. 55-64.
Juliano, B. O. (1971). A simplified assay for milled rice amylose. Cereal Sci. Today, 16: 334-338, 340, 360.
Khoyumthem, P., Sharma, P. R., Singh, N. B. and Singh, M. R. K. (2005). Heterosis for grain yield and its component characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Environ. Ecol., 23(Special 4): 687-691.
Khush, G. S., Phule, C. M. and Delacruz, N. M. (1979). Rice grain quality evaluation and improvement at IRRI. In: Chemical aspects of rice gain quality. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines, pp. 21-31.
Kumar, I. and Kush, G. S. (1987). Genetics analysis of different amylose levels in rice. Crop Sci., 27: 1167-1172.
Kumar, M. S. (1989). Genetic analysis of height and cooking quality traits in basmati rices. MSc Thesis. IARI, New Delhi, India.
Kumar, S., Singh, H. B., Sharma, J. K. and Sood, S. (2010). Heterosis for morpho physiological and qualitative traits in rice. Oryza, 47(1): 17-21.
Latha, S., Sharma, D. and Sanghera, G. S. (2013). Combining ability and heterosis for grain yield and its component trait in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Not. Sci. Biol., 5(1): 90-97.
Leenakumari, S., Mahadevappa, M., Vidyachandra, B. and Krishnamurthy, R. A. (1998). Performance of experimental rice hybrids in Bangalore. Int. Rice Res. Notes., 18(1): 16.
Liang, C. H., Reddy, C. R. and Dayton, A. D. (1972). Heterosis, inbreeding depression and heritability in a systematic series of grain sorghum genotypes. Crop Sci., 12(4): 409-411.
Lingaraju, S., Vidyachandra, B., Shridhara, S. and Chikkalingaiah. (1999). Heterosis breeding in rice (Oryza sativa L.) for higher yields. Mysore J. Agric. Sci., 33(4): 328-332.
Little, R. R., Hilder, G. B. and Dawson, E. H. (1958). Differential effect of dilute alkali on 25 varieties of milled white rice. Cereal Chem., 35: 111-126.
Pandey, M. P., Singh, J. P. and Singh, H. (1995). Heterosis breeding for grain yield and other agronomic characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Indian J. Genet., 55(4): 438-445.
Patil, D. V., Thiyagrajan, K. and Pushpa, K. (2003). Heterosis exploration in two line hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) Crop Res., 25(3): 514-519.
Priyanka, K., Jaiswal, H. K. and Waza, S. A. (2014). Combining ability and heterosis for yield, its component traits and some grain quality parameters in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J. Appl. & Nat. Sci., 6(2): 495-506.
Rahimi, M., Rabiei, B., Samizadeh, H. and Ghasemi, A. K. (2010). Combining ability and heterosis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. J. Agr. Sci. Tech., 12(2): 223-231.
Rashid, M., Cheema, A. A. and Ashraf, M. (2007). Line x tester analysis in basmati rice. Pak. J. Bot., 39(6): 2035-2042.
Rather, A. G., Zargar, M. A. and Sheikh, F. A. (2001). Genetic divergence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under temperate conditions. Indian. J. Agric. Sci., 71(5): 344-345.
Reddy, M. R., Raju, C. H. S., Sarvani, T., Reddy, D. and Reddy, N. (2012). Heterosis for yield and kernal size in aromatic rice (Oryza sativa. L). Ann. Biol. Res., 3(6): 2662-2666.
Roy, S. K., Senapati, B. K., Sinhamahapatra, S. P. and Sarkar, K. K. (2009). Heterosis for yield and quality traits in rice. Oryza, 46(2): 87-93.
Sanghera, G. S. and Hussain, W. (2012). Heterosis in relation to combining ability per se performance in temperate rice (Oryza sativa L.). Pakistan J. Agri. Res., 25(3): 12-16.
Saravanan, K., Sabesan, T. and Kumar, S. T. (2008). Heterosis for yield and yield components in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Adv. Pl. Sci., 21: 119-121.
Sarawgi, A. K., Rastogi, N. K. and Munhot, M. K. (2000). Heterosis among line x tester crosses for grain yield and quality components in rice. Trop. Agric. Res. Ext., 3(2): 90-93.
Sen, C. and Singh, R. P. (2011). Study on heterosis in boro x high yielding rice hybrids. Int. J. Pl. Br. Genet., 5(2): 141-149.
Singh, R. (2000). Heterosis studies in rice using WA based CMS system for developing hybrids for eastern Uttar Pradesh. Annals Agric. Res., 21(1): 79:83.
Soni, S. and Sharma, D. (2011). Studies on heterosis for grain yield and its component traits for developing new plant type hybrids in rice (Oryza sativaL.). Electron. J. Plant Breed., 2(4): 543-548.
Sood, B. C. and Siddiq, E. A. (1978). A rapid technique for scent determination in rice. Indian J. Genet. Plant Breed., 38(2): 268-271.
Srivastava, A. K. and Jaiswal, H. K. (2013). Grain characteristics and cooking quality of indigenous aromatic and non-aromatic genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) Int. J. Sci. Res. Rev., 2(1): 36-41.
Tiwari, D. K., Pandey, P., Giri, S. P. and Dwivedi, J. L. (2011). Heterosis studies for yield and its components in rice hybrids using CMS system. Asian J. Plant Sci., 10(1): 29-42.
Tomar, J. B. and Nanda, J. S. (1985). Genetics and association studies of kernel shape in rice. Indian J. Genet., 45 (2): 278-283.
USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) Post, February 2014.
USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) Rice Outlook, May 2014.
Vaithiyalingan, M. and Nadarajan, N. (2010). Heterosis for yield and yield contributing characters in inter subspecific crosses of rice. Electron. J. Plant Breed., 1(3): 305-310.
Virmani, S. S., Chaudhary, R. C. and Khush, G. S. (1981). Current outlook on hybrid rice. Oryza, 18(3): 67-84.
Vivekanandan, P. and Giridharan, S. (1996). Heterosis and inbreeding depression for kernel traits in rice. Madras Agric. J., 83(12): 773-774.
Welch, R. M. and Graham, R. D. (2002). Breeding crops for enhanced micronutrient content. Plant Soil, 245 (1): 205-214.
Young, J. B. and Virmani, S. S. (1990). Effects of cytoplasm on heterosis and combining ability for agronomic traits. Euphytica, 48(2): 177-188.
Bagheri, N. and Jelodar, N. B. (2010). Heterosis and combining ability analysis for yield and related yield traits in hybrid rice. Int. J. Biol., 2(2): 222-231.
Bhandarkar, S., Rastogi, N. K. and Kumar, A. (2005). Study of heterosis in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Oryza, 42(3): 218-219.
Gawas, Y. K., Bhave, S. G., Bendale, V. W., Sawant, S. S. and Jadhav, B. B. (2007). Nature and magnitude of heterosis for growth yield and yield components in hybrid rice. J. Maharastra Agric. Univ., 32(1): 52-56.
Gokulakrishnan, J. and Kumar, S. (2013). Heterotic studies using cytoplasmic male sterile lines for enhancing yield attributed traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int. J. Curr. Res., 5(1): 27-29.
Jayashudha, S. and Sharma, D. (2009). Combining ability and gene action analysis for grain yield and its components in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J. Rice Res., 2(7): 105-111.
Juliano, B. O. and Duff, B. (1991). Rice grain quality as an emerging priority in national breeding programs. In: Rice Grain Marketing and Quality Issues. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines, pp. 55-64.
Juliano, B. O. (1971). A simplified assay for milled rice amylose. Cereal Sci. Today, 16: 334-338, 340, 360.
Khoyumthem, P., Sharma, P. R., Singh, N. B. and Singh, M. R. K. (2005). Heterosis for grain yield and its component characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Environ. Ecol., 23(Special 4): 687-691.
Khush, G. S., Phule, C. M. and Delacruz, N. M. (1979). Rice grain quality evaluation and improvement at IRRI. In: Chemical aspects of rice gain quality. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines, pp. 21-31.
Kumar, I. and Kush, G. S. (1987). Genetics analysis of different amylose levels in rice. Crop Sci., 27: 1167-1172.
Kumar, M. S. (1989). Genetic analysis of height and cooking quality traits in basmati rices. MSc Thesis. IARI, New Delhi, India.
Kumar, S., Singh, H. B., Sharma, J. K. and Sood, S. (2010). Heterosis for morpho physiological and qualitative traits in rice. Oryza, 47(1): 17-21.
Latha, S., Sharma, D. and Sanghera, G. S. (2013). Combining ability and heterosis for grain yield and its component trait in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Not. Sci. Biol., 5(1): 90-97.
Leenakumari, S., Mahadevappa, M., Vidyachandra, B. and Krishnamurthy, R. A. (1998). Performance of experimental rice hybrids in Bangalore. Int. Rice Res. Notes., 18(1): 16.
Liang, C. H., Reddy, C. R. and Dayton, A. D. (1972). Heterosis, inbreeding depression and heritability in a systematic series of grain sorghum genotypes. Crop Sci., 12(4): 409-411.
Lingaraju, S., Vidyachandra, B., Shridhara, S. and Chikkalingaiah. (1999). Heterosis breeding in rice (Oryza sativa L.) for higher yields. Mysore J. Agric. Sci., 33(4): 328-332.
Little, R. R., Hilder, G. B. and Dawson, E. H. (1958). Differential effect of dilute alkali on 25 varieties of milled white rice. Cereal Chem., 35: 111-126.
Pandey, M. P., Singh, J. P. and Singh, H. (1995). Heterosis breeding for grain yield and other agronomic characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Indian J. Genet., 55(4): 438-445.
Patil, D. V., Thiyagrajan, K. and Pushpa, K. (2003). Heterosis exploration in two line hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) Crop Res., 25(3): 514-519.
Priyanka, K., Jaiswal, H. K. and Waza, S. A. (2014). Combining ability and heterosis for yield, its component traits and some grain quality parameters in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J. Appl. & Nat. Sci., 6(2): 495-506.
Rahimi, M., Rabiei, B., Samizadeh, H. and Ghasemi, A. K. (2010). Combining ability and heterosis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. J. Agr. Sci. Tech., 12(2): 223-231.
Rashid, M., Cheema, A. A. and Ashraf, M. (2007). Line x tester analysis in basmati rice. Pak. J. Bot., 39(6): 2035-2042.
Rather, A. G., Zargar, M. A. and Sheikh, F. A. (2001). Genetic divergence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under temperate conditions. Indian. J. Agric. Sci., 71(5): 344-345.
Reddy, M. R., Raju, C. H. S., Sarvani, T., Reddy, D. and Reddy, N. (2012). Heterosis for yield and kernal size in aromatic rice (Oryza sativa. L). Ann. Biol. Res., 3(6): 2662-2666.
Roy, S. K., Senapati, B. K., Sinhamahapatra, S. P. and Sarkar, K. K. (2009). Heterosis for yield and quality traits in rice. Oryza, 46(2): 87-93.
Sanghera, G. S. and Hussain, W. (2012). Heterosis in relation to combining ability per se performance in temperate rice (Oryza sativa L.). Pakistan J. Agri. Res., 25(3): 12-16.
Saravanan, K., Sabesan, T. and Kumar, S. T. (2008). Heterosis for yield and yield components in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Adv. Pl. Sci., 21: 119-121.
Sarawgi, A. K., Rastogi, N. K. and Munhot, M. K. (2000). Heterosis among line x tester crosses for grain yield and quality components in rice. Trop. Agric. Res. Ext., 3(2): 90-93.
Sen, C. and Singh, R. P. (2011). Study on heterosis in boro x high yielding rice hybrids. Int. J. Pl. Br. Genet., 5(2): 141-149.
Singh, R. (2000). Heterosis studies in rice using WA based CMS system for developing hybrids for eastern Uttar Pradesh. Annals Agric. Res., 21(1): 79:83.
Soni, S. and Sharma, D. (2011). Studies on heterosis for grain yield and its component traits for developing new plant type hybrids in rice (Oryza sativaL.). Electron. J. Plant Breed., 2(4): 543-548.
Sood, B. C. and Siddiq, E. A. (1978). A rapid technique for scent determination in rice. Indian J. Genet. Plant Breed., 38(2): 268-271.
Srivastava, A. K. and Jaiswal, H. K. (2013). Grain characteristics and cooking quality of indigenous aromatic and non-aromatic genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) Int. J. Sci. Res. Rev., 2(1): 36-41.
Tiwari, D. K., Pandey, P., Giri, S. P. and Dwivedi, J. L. (2011). Heterosis studies for yield and its components in rice hybrids using CMS system. Asian J. Plant Sci., 10(1): 29-42.
Tomar, J. B. and Nanda, J. S. (1985). Genetics and association studies of kernel shape in rice. Indian J. Genet., 45 (2): 278-283.
USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) Post, February 2014.
USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) Rice Outlook, May 2014.
Vaithiyalingan, M. and Nadarajan, N. (2010). Heterosis for yield and yield contributing characters in inter subspecific crosses of rice. Electron. J. Plant Breed., 1(3): 305-310.
Virmani, S. S., Chaudhary, R. C. and Khush, G. S. (1981). Current outlook on hybrid rice. Oryza, 18(3): 67-84.
Vivekanandan, P. and Giridharan, S. (1996). Heterosis and inbreeding depression for kernel traits in rice. Madras Agric. J., 83(12): 773-774.
Welch, R. M. and Graham, R. D. (2002). Breeding crops for enhanced micronutrient content. Plant Soil, 245 (1): 205-214.
Young, J. B. and Virmani, S. S. (1990). Effects of cytoplasm on heterosis and combining ability for agronomic traits. Euphytica, 48(2): 177-188.
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Heterosis for yield and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.). (2016). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 8(3), 1510-1522. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i3.993
