Effect of polyamines and natural growth substances on the growth and flowering of rose (Rosa hybrida) cv. Samurai under protected conditions
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Abstract
Investigations were conducted to study the effect of different polyamines and natural growth substances as a pre harvest foliar spray on greenhouse rose cv. Samurai. The study involved preharvest foliar spraying with polyamines like spermine (10 ppm) and spermidine (10 ppm); natural growth substances like enriched banana pseudostem sap (1 per cent) and cow urine (2 per cent). All the treatments improved the vegetative and flowering characters over control. However, among different treatments, foliar spray of spermine 10 ppm, followed by spermidine 10 ppm were highly significant in influencing all vegetative parameters like plant height (79 cm), number of branches per plant (3.73), stem girth (10.69 mm), number of leaves per plant (91.33), leaf area (14.68 cm2) and leaf chlorophyll content (36.96 mg/g). Further, flowering parameters like flower stalk length (61.24cm), bud length (2.70mm), flower diameter (6.50 cm), number of petals per flower (55.90) and vase life (6.63 days) were significantly maximum in plants sprayed with spermine 10ppm. The treatment of foliar spray with spermine and spermidine almost doubled the flower production and improved the flower quality in tems of bud size and vase life as compared to control.
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Keywords
Enriched banana pseudostem sap, Polyamines, Rose, Spermine, Spermidine
References
Aldesuquy, H., Haroun, S. , Hamed, S. A., Saied, A. W. E. (2014). Involvement of spermine and spermidine in the control of productivity and biochemical aspects of yielded grains of wheat plants irrigated with waste water. Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences: 16-28.
Applewhite, P. B. Kaur-Sawhney, R. and Galston, A. W. (2000). A role of spermidine in the bolting and flowering of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol., 79: 635-640.
Amri, E. Mirzaei, M. Moradi, M. and Zare, K. (2011). The effects of spermidine and putrescine polyamines on growth of pomegranate (Punica granatum L. cv ‘Rabbab’) in salinity circumstance. International Journal of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Vol. 3(3), pp. 43-49.
Bias, H. P. and Ravishankar, G. A. (2002). Role of polyamines in the ontogeny of plants and their biotechnological applications. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 69: 1-34
Cabanne, F. Dalebroux, M.A. Martin-Tanguy, J. and Martin, C. (1981). Hydroxycinnamic acid amides and ripening to flower of Nicotiana tabacum L. var. Xanthi n.c. Physiol Plant. 53: 399-404.
S.S. Cohen (1988). A guide to the polyamines. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford.
Farahi, H. F., Khalingi, A., Kholdbarin, B., Akbar-boojar, M. M. Eshghi, S. Kavoosi, B. and Aboutalebi, A. (2012). Influence of exogenous spermidine on quality properties and vase life of rose (Rosa hybrida cv. Dolcvita). Annals of Biological Research, 3(10): 4758-4763.
Foyer, C. H. and Noctor (Eds.), (2002). Photosynthetic nitrogen assimilation and associated carbon and respiratory metabolism, Kluwer Acad, Publ., Boston.
Galston, A. W., Kaur-Sawhney, R., Altabella, T. and Tiburcio, A. F. (1997). Plant polyamines in reproductive activity and response to abiotic stress. Bot. Acta. 110: 197-207.
Heimer, Y. M. and Mizrahi,Y. (1982) characterization of ornithine decorboxylase of tobacco cells and tomato ovaries. Biochem J., 201: 373-376.
Hewitt,E.J. (1963). The essential nutrients elements : Requirements and interactions in plants. In: Steward, F.C. (ed). Plant Physiol. Atreatise, Academic, NY, pp. 137-360.
Iman, T. M., Bekheta, M. A. and Mahagoub, M. M. (2005). Physiological response of periwinkle plants (Catharanthus roseus L.) to tryphtophan and putrescine. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 7: 210-213.
Kakkar, R. K. and Rai, V. K. (1993). Plant polyamines in flowering and fruit ripening. Phytochem. 33 : 1281-1288.
Lee, M. M., Lee, S. H. and Park, K. Y. (1997). Effects of spermine on ethylene biosynthesis in cut carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers during senescence. J. Plant Physiol., 151: (68-73).
Mahgoub, M. H., Abdelaziz, N. G. and Mazhar, M. A. (2011). Response of Dahlia pinnata L. plant to foliar spray with putrescine and thiamine on growth, flowering and photosynthetic pigments. American-Eurasian J. Agric. And Environ, Sci., 10 (5): 769-775.
Mahagoub, H., Mona El-Ghorrab and Bekheta. (2006). Effect of some bioregulators on the endogenous phytohormones, chemical composition, essential oil and its antioxidant activity of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). J. Agric. Sci. Mansoura Univ., 31 (7): 4229-4245.
Mahros, K. M. M., El-Saady, M.B., Mona, H. M., Afaf, M. H. and Iman, M. E. (2011). Effect of putrescine and uniconazole treatments on flower characters and photosynthetic pigments of Chrysanthemum indicum L. plant, J. of American Science, 7 (3): 399-408.
Martin – Tanguy, J. (1985). The occurrence and possible function of hydroxycinnamoyl acid amides in plants. Plant Growth Regul. 3: 381-399.
Montague, M. J. Koppenbrink, J. W. and Jaworski, E. G. (1978). Polyamine metabolism in embryonic cells of Daccus carota. Plant Physiol., 62: 430-433.
Nahed, A. A. G. Taha Lobna and Ibrahim Soad, M. M. (2009). Some studies on the effect of putrescine, ascorbic acid and thiamine on growth, flowering and some chemical constituents of gladiolus plants at Nubaria. Ozean Journal of Applied Science, 2(2): 1943-2429.
Panse, V. G. and Sukhatme, P. V. (1985). Statistical methods for agricultural workers. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi
Patel, N.L., Ahlawat, T.R. and Alka Singh. (2014). Status and Scenario of Horticulture Growth and Development in India and in the World. Global conference on technological changes and human resources for climate smart horticulture – Issues and strategies. pp- 109-117. 28th-31st – May, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, India.
Patil, A. P. (2008). Nutrient, banana pseudostem sap and sucker management in ratoon banana under drip irrigation. M.Sc. Thesis submitted at NAU.
Ramalingam, K. (2008). Effect of growth regulating substances on growth, yield and post harvest quality of cut Rose cv. Happy Hour, M.Sc. (Hort.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.
Scheible, W. R., Gonzales-Fontes, L. M., Muller-Rober, B. , Caboche, M. and Stitt, M. (1997). Nitrate acts as a signal to induce organic acid metabolism in tobacco. Plant cell. 9: 783-798.
Scheible, W.R., Krapp, A. and Stitt, M. (2002). Reciprocal diurnal changes of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase expression and cytosolic pyruvate kinase, citrate synthase and NADP – isocitrate dehydrogenase expression regulate organic acid metabolism during nitrate assimilation in tobacco leaves. Plant Cell Environ. 22: 1155-1167.
Sharma, C. P., Maurya, A. N.,Srivastava, O. P. and Ashok, M. (2001). Role of GA3, maleic hydrazide and ethrel in modifying vegetative and floral characters of Chrysanthemum morifolium. The Orissa J. Hort. 29(2): 35-40.
Slocum, R. D. and Galston, A. W. (1985). Changes in polyamines associated with past fertilization and development in tobacco ovary tissue. Plant Physiol. 79: 336-343.
Smith, T. A. (1985). Polyamines. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 36: 1611-1613.
Sudhagar, S. (2013). Production and marketing of cut flower (Rose and gerbera) in Hosur Taluk. Int. J. Business & Management Invention. 2 (5): 15-25.
Tabor, C. W. and Tabor, H. (1984). Polyamines. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 53: 749-790.
Tatte, S., Alka Singh and Ahlawat, T. R. (2015) effect of polyamines on postharvest quality and vaselife of rose var. samurai. The Bioscan: 10(2): 675-678.
Van den Broeck, D., Van Den, S. D., Van Montague, M. and Caplan, A. (1994). A group of chromosomal proteins in specifically released by spermine and loses DNA-binding activity upon phosphorylation. Plant Physiol., 106: 559-566.
Wahed, A. A. M. S. A., Karima, M. and Din, G. E. (2004). Stimulation effect of spermidine and stigmasterol on growth, flowering, biochemical constituents and essential oil of Chamomile plant. (Chamomilla reticulate L., Raush). Bulg. J. Plant Physiol., 30 (3-4): 48-60.
Wang, S. Y. M., Faust and Steffens, G. L. (1985). Metabolic changes in cherry flower buds associated with breaking of dormancy in early and late blooming cultivars. Physiol. Plant., 65: 89-94.
Yoshida, S.,Forno, D. S. , Cock, J. H. and Gomez, K. A. (1971). Laboratory manual for physiological studies of rice. IRRI, Philippines. pp.1- 43.
Youssef, A. A., Mona, H. M. and Iman, M. T. (2004). Physiological and biolochemical aspects of Matthiola incana L. plants under the effect of putrsescine and kinetine treatments. Egypt. J. App. Sci., 19 (9B).
Yi Zhang , Xiao-Hui Hu , Yu Shi, Zhi-Rong Zou , Fei Yan, Yan-Yan Zhao, Hao Zhang, and Jiu-Zhou Zhao (2013). Beneficial Role of Exogenous Spermidine on Nitrogen Metabolism in Tomato Seedlings Exposed to Saline-alkaline Stress. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 138 (1):38–49.
Applewhite, P. B. Kaur-Sawhney, R. and Galston, A. W. (2000). A role of spermidine in the bolting and flowering of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol., 79: 635-640.
Amri, E. Mirzaei, M. Moradi, M. and Zare, K. (2011). The effects of spermidine and putrescine polyamines on growth of pomegranate (Punica granatum L. cv ‘Rabbab’) in salinity circumstance. International Journal of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Vol. 3(3), pp. 43-49.
Bias, H. P. and Ravishankar, G. A. (2002). Role of polyamines in the ontogeny of plants and their biotechnological applications. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 69: 1-34
Cabanne, F. Dalebroux, M.A. Martin-Tanguy, J. and Martin, C. (1981). Hydroxycinnamic acid amides and ripening to flower of Nicotiana tabacum L. var. Xanthi n.c. Physiol Plant. 53: 399-404.
S.S. Cohen (1988). A guide to the polyamines. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford.
Farahi, H. F., Khalingi, A., Kholdbarin, B., Akbar-boojar, M. M. Eshghi, S. Kavoosi, B. and Aboutalebi, A. (2012). Influence of exogenous spermidine on quality properties and vase life of rose (Rosa hybrida cv. Dolcvita). Annals of Biological Research, 3(10): 4758-4763.
Foyer, C. H. and Noctor (Eds.), (2002). Photosynthetic nitrogen assimilation and associated carbon and respiratory metabolism, Kluwer Acad, Publ., Boston.
Galston, A. W., Kaur-Sawhney, R., Altabella, T. and Tiburcio, A. F. (1997). Plant polyamines in reproductive activity and response to abiotic stress. Bot. Acta. 110: 197-207.
Heimer, Y. M. and Mizrahi,Y. (1982) characterization of ornithine decorboxylase of tobacco cells and tomato ovaries. Biochem J., 201: 373-376.
Hewitt,E.J. (1963). The essential nutrients elements : Requirements and interactions in plants. In: Steward, F.C. (ed). Plant Physiol. Atreatise, Academic, NY, pp. 137-360.
Iman, T. M., Bekheta, M. A. and Mahagoub, M. M. (2005). Physiological response of periwinkle plants (Catharanthus roseus L.) to tryphtophan and putrescine. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 7: 210-213.
Kakkar, R. K. and Rai, V. K. (1993). Plant polyamines in flowering and fruit ripening. Phytochem. 33 : 1281-1288.
Lee, M. M., Lee, S. H. and Park, K. Y. (1997). Effects of spermine on ethylene biosynthesis in cut carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers during senescence. J. Plant Physiol., 151: (68-73).
Mahgoub, M. H., Abdelaziz, N. G. and Mazhar, M. A. (2011). Response of Dahlia pinnata L. plant to foliar spray with putrescine and thiamine on growth, flowering and photosynthetic pigments. American-Eurasian J. Agric. And Environ, Sci., 10 (5): 769-775.
Mahagoub, H., Mona El-Ghorrab and Bekheta. (2006). Effect of some bioregulators on the endogenous phytohormones, chemical composition, essential oil and its antioxidant activity of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). J. Agric. Sci. Mansoura Univ., 31 (7): 4229-4245.
Mahros, K. M. M., El-Saady, M.B., Mona, H. M., Afaf, M. H. and Iman, M. E. (2011). Effect of putrescine and uniconazole treatments on flower characters and photosynthetic pigments of Chrysanthemum indicum L. plant, J. of American Science, 7 (3): 399-408.
Martin – Tanguy, J. (1985). The occurrence and possible function of hydroxycinnamoyl acid amides in plants. Plant Growth Regul. 3: 381-399.
Montague, M. J. Koppenbrink, J. W. and Jaworski, E. G. (1978). Polyamine metabolism in embryonic cells of Daccus carota. Plant Physiol., 62: 430-433.
Nahed, A. A. G. Taha Lobna and Ibrahim Soad, M. M. (2009). Some studies on the effect of putrescine, ascorbic acid and thiamine on growth, flowering and some chemical constituents of gladiolus plants at Nubaria. Ozean Journal of Applied Science, 2(2): 1943-2429.
Panse, V. G. and Sukhatme, P. V. (1985). Statistical methods for agricultural workers. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi
Patel, N.L., Ahlawat, T.R. and Alka Singh. (2014). Status and Scenario of Horticulture Growth and Development in India and in the World. Global conference on technological changes and human resources for climate smart horticulture – Issues and strategies. pp- 109-117. 28th-31st – May, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, India.
Patil, A. P. (2008). Nutrient, banana pseudostem sap and sucker management in ratoon banana under drip irrigation. M.Sc. Thesis submitted at NAU.
Ramalingam, K. (2008). Effect of growth regulating substances on growth, yield and post harvest quality of cut Rose cv. Happy Hour, M.Sc. (Hort.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.
Scheible, W. R., Gonzales-Fontes, L. M., Muller-Rober, B. , Caboche, M. and Stitt, M. (1997). Nitrate acts as a signal to induce organic acid metabolism in tobacco. Plant cell. 9: 783-798.
Scheible, W.R., Krapp, A. and Stitt, M. (2002). Reciprocal diurnal changes of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase expression and cytosolic pyruvate kinase, citrate synthase and NADP – isocitrate dehydrogenase expression regulate organic acid metabolism during nitrate assimilation in tobacco leaves. Plant Cell Environ. 22: 1155-1167.
Sharma, C. P., Maurya, A. N.,Srivastava, O. P. and Ashok, M. (2001). Role of GA3, maleic hydrazide and ethrel in modifying vegetative and floral characters of Chrysanthemum morifolium. The Orissa J. Hort. 29(2): 35-40.
Slocum, R. D. and Galston, A. W. (1985). Changes in polyamines associated with past fertilization and development in tobacco ovary tissue. Plant Physiol. 79: 336-343.
Smith, T. A. (1985). Polyamines. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 36: 1611-1613.
Sudhagar, S. (2013). Production and marketing of cut flower (Rose and gerbera) in Hosur Taluk. Int. J. Business & Management Invention. 2 (5): 15-25.
Tabor, C. W. and Tabor, H. (1984). Polyamines. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 53: 749-790.
Tatte, S., Alka Singh and Ahlawat, T. R. (2015) effect of polyamines on postharvest quality and vaselife of rose var. samurai. The Bioscan: 10(2): 675-678.
Van den Broeck, D., Van Den, S. D., Van Montague, M. and Caplan, A. (1994). A group of chromosomal proteins in specifically released by spermine and loses DNA-binding activity upon phosphorylation. Plant Physiol., 106: 559-566.
Wahed, A. A. M. S. A., Karima, M. and Din, G. E. (2004). Stimulation effect of spermidine and stigmasterol on growth, flowering, biochemical constituents and essential oil of Chamomile plant. (Chamomilla reticulate L., Raush). Bulg. J. Plant Physiol., 30 (3-4): 48-60.
Wang, S. Y. M., Faust and Steffens, G. L. (1985). Metabolic changes in cherry flower buds associated with breaking of dormancy in early and late blooming cultivars. Physiol. Plant., 65: 89-94.
Yoshida, S.,Forno, D. S. , Cock, J. H. and Gomez, K. A. (1971). Laboratory manual for physiological studies of rice. IRRI, Philippines. pp.1- 43.
Youssef, A. A., Mona, H. M. and Iman, M. T. (2004). Physiological and biolochemical aspects of Matthiola incana L. plants under the effect of putrsescine and kinetine treatments. Egypt. J. App. Sci., 19 (9B).
Yi Zhang , Xiao-Hui Hu , Yu Shi, Zhi-Rong Zou , Fei Yan, Yan-Yan Zhao, Hao Zhang, and Jiu-Zhou Zhao (2013). Beneficial Role of Exogenous Spermidine on Nitrogen Metabolism in Tomato Seedlings Exposed to Saline-alkaline Stress. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 138 (1):38–49.
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Effect of polyamines and natural growth substances on the growth and flowering of rose (Rosa hybrida) cv. Samurai under protected conditions. (2016). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 8(3), 1317-1320. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i3.960
