Studies on nitrogenase activity of diazotrophic isolates from different rice production systems
Article Main
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the nitrogen fixing ability of diazotrophs isolated from the rhizosphere soils of rice which were grown in three different rice growing systems. A total of hundred and ten isolates obtained were subjected to Acetylene Reduction Assay (ARA) and ninety eight isolates recorded significant amount of nitrogenase activity in a range of 185.73 to 3794.55 nmoles of ethylene mg of protein-1 h-1. The highest nitrogenase activity was recorded by Derxia (3794.55 nmoles of ethylene mg of protein-1 h-1) isolated from Trichy (lowland). Among the three different rice production systems, isolates obtained from lowland rice (Derxia – 3794.5 nmoles of ethylene mg of protein-1 h-1) recorded higher nitrogenase activity followed by Aerobic (Pseudomonas - 2194.89 nmoles of ethylene mg of protein-1 h-1) and SRI (Azotobacter - 1971.85 nmoles of ethylene mg of protein-1 h-1) rice isolates. The results revealed marked variation in the ARA of the diazotrophic isolates obtained from lowland, SRI and Aerobic rice. The nitrogenase activity of diazotrophs from rice fields have been reported earlier but the nitrogenase activity of diazotrophs from three different rice production systems from various parts of Tamil Nadu is reported for the first time from India.
Article Details
Article Details
Acetylene reduction assay, Aerobic, Diazotrophs, Heterotrophs, Lowland
Andrade, G. Esteban, E. Velascol, L. Maria, J.L. and Bedmar, E.J.(1997). Isolation and identification of N2-fixing microorganisms from the rhizosphere of Capparis spinosa (L.). Plant Soil. 197:19 - 23.
Barber, L.E. and Evans, H.J.(1976). Characterization of a nitrogen-fixing bacterial strain from the roots of Digitaria sanguinalis. Can. J. Microbiol. 22: 254-260.
Becking,J.H.(1961).Studies on nitrogen – fixing bacteria of the genus Beijerinckia I. Geographical and ecological distribution in soils. Plant Soil. 14: 49-81.
Becking, J.H.(1981). The family Azotobacteraceae. In: Ballows, A., Truper, H.G., Dworkin, M., Harder, W., Schleifer, K.H. (Eds.), The Procaryotes: A Handbook on Habitats, Isolation, and Identification of Bacteria, Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 795–817.
Burris, R.H. (1974). Methodology. In Biology of nitrogen fixation. Ed. A. Quispel. pp. 3 -42. North Holland P Burris R H 1974 Methodology. In Biology of Nitrogen Fixation. Ed. A. Quispel. pp. 3-42. North Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam.ublishing Co., Amsterdam.
Cochran, W.G. (1950). Estimation of bacterial densities by means of the most probable number. Biometrics. 6: 105-116.
Dilworth, M.J. (1966). Acetylene reduction by nitrogen fixing preparations from Clostridium pasteurianum. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 127: 285-294.
Dobereiner, J. (1980). Forage grasses and grain crops. In Methods for Evaluation of Biological Nitrogen Fixation, pp. 535-555. Edited by J. F. J. Bergersen. Chichester: Wiley.
Dobereiner, J. (1989). Isolation and identification of root associated diazotrophs. In: Nitrogen fixation with nonlegumes. (Eds.) F.A. Skinner Kluwer and Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publ., Dordrecht. pp.125 -176.
Huang, X. Kurata, N. Wei, X. Wang, Z.X. Wang, A. Zhao, Q. Zhao, Y. Liu, K.(2012). A map of rice genome variation reveals the origin of cultivated rice. Nature. 490: 497-501.
Kennedy,I.R. Choudhury, A.T.M.A. and Kecskés, M.L. (2004). Non-symbiotic diazotrophs in crop-farming systems: can their potential for plant growth promotion be better exploited? Soil Biol. Biochem. 36: 1229 -1244.
Keyeo, F.O. Aishah, N. and Amir, H.G. (2011). The effects of Nitrogen fixation Activity and Phytohormone Production of Diazotroph in Promoting Growth of Rice seedlings. Biotechnology. 10: 267 - 273.
King,J.W. Ward, M. K. and Raney, D. E. (1954). Two simple media for the demonstration of pyocyanin and fluorescein. J. Lab and Clin. Med. 44: 301-307.
Kumar, K. and Sugitha,T.C.K.. (2004). Diazotrophic diversity in rice ecosystem. In: Paper presented in the International symposium on Microbial Ecology, Aug 22-27.
Ladha, J.K and Reddy, P.M. (2003). Nitrogen fixation in rice systems: State of knowledge and future prospects. Plant Soil. 252:151-167.
Park, M. C. Kin, J. Yang, H. Lee, W. Shin, S. Kim, and Sa,T. (2005). Isolation and characterization of diazotrophic growth promoting bacteria from rhizosphere of agricultural crops of Korea. Microbiol. Res. 160: 127-133.
Postgate, J. (1998). Nitrogen fixation, 3rd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Rangjaroen,C. Rerkasem, B. Teaumroong, N. Noidsangiam, R. Lumyong, S. (2015). Promoting plant growth in a commercial rice cultivar by endophytic diazotrophic bacteria isolated from rice land races. Ann.Microbiol. 65: 253 – 266.
Sarkar,A. Manjunath, K. and Vishwakarma , P. (2014). Diversity of Diazotrophs in tropical rice field under the influence of organic and nitrogen fertilization. Ind.J.Biotecnol.13: 540 – 543.
Shrestha, A. Toyota,K. Okazaki,M. Suga,Y. Quevedo,M.A. Loreto,A.B. and Mariscal, A.A. (2007). Enhancement of nitrogen-fixing activity of enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) by microbial interaction with non-nitrogen fixers. Microbes Environ. 22: 59-70.
Xie, C.H. and Yokota, A.(2004). Phylogenetic analyses of the nitrogen – fixing genus Derxia. J.Gen.Appl. Microbiol. 50 :129 – 135.
This work is licensed under Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) © Author (s)
