A linear model for leaf area measurement to screen potential leaf material for herbal drug in Adhatoda vasica L.
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Abstract
Leaf area is an important parameter in physiology and agronomy studies. Linear models for leaf area measurement are developed for plant species as a nondestructive method. The plant Adhatoda vasica L. (a medicinal plant) was selected and the leaves of this plant were used for development of linear model for leaf area using Leaf Area Meter (LAM) software. Planimetric parameters (length, length2, width and width2) and gravimetric (dry weight and water content) parameters are considered for the development of linear model for this plant species. Single factor ANOVA and linear correlations were worked out using these parameters and leaf area. The plant was showed significant relationship with the parameters studied. The best correlation as represented by regression coefficient (R2) was used and improved R2 is worked out. It is observed that with increase in leaf area, water content is also increased and showed best correlation with the leaf area. Thus water content can be taken as a parameter for developing linear model for leaf area is concluded.
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Keywords
Adhatoda vasica L., Gravimetric parameters, Leaf area, Planimetric parameters, Regression coefficient
References
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Blanco, F.F. and Folegatti, M.V. (2003). A new method for estimating the leaf area index of cucumber and tomato plants. Horticultura Brasileira, 21 (4): 666-669.
Claeson, U.P., Malmfors, T., Wikman, G. and Bruhn, J.G. (2000). Adhatoda vasica: a critical review of ethnophar-macological and toxicological data. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 72: 1.
Daughtry, C.S.T. (1990). Direct measurement of canopy structure Instrumentation for studying vegetation cano-pies for remote sensing in optical and thermal infrared regions. Goel MS; Nnorman JM (Ed.) Harwood Aca-demic, New York, pp 45-60.
Dingkuhn, M. (1996). Modeling concepts for the phenotypic plasticity of dry matter and nitrogen partitioning in rice. Agricultural Systems, 52: 383-397.
Egli, D.B. and Tekrony, D.M. (1997). Species differences in seed water status during seed maturation and germina-tion. Seed Science Research, 7: 3-11.
Folkard, A., Abdoulaye, S. and Michael, D. (1999). Reserve mobilization, dry matter partitioning and specific leaf area in seedlings of African rice cultivars differing in early vigor. Field Crops Research, 62: 191-202.
Gangwar, A.K. and Ghosh, A.K. (2014). Medicinal uses and pharmacological activity of adhatoda vasica. Interna-tional journal of herbal medicine, 2(1): 88-91.
Jhala, V.M. and Thaker, V.S. (2015). X-ray computed tomography to study rice (Oryza sativa L.) panicle develop-ment. Journal of Experimental Botany, 66(21): 6819-6825.
Kuvad, R.P., Chudasama, K.S., Jhala, V.M. and Thaker, V.S. (2014). Standardization of leaf age for radical scaveng-ing activity in Terminalia Arjuna. Journal of Applied Nature Science, 6(1): 76-80.
Lahiri, P.K. and Pradhan, S.N. (1964). Pharmacological in-vestigation of vasicinol, an alkaloid from Adhatoda vasica Nees. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 2: 219.
Maikhuri, R.K. and Gangwar, A.K. (1965). Ethnobiological notes on the Khasi and Garo tribes of Meghalaya, Northeast India. Economic Botany, 47: 345.
Narimaian, M., Badalyan, M., Panosyan, V., Gabrielyan, E., Panossian, A. and Wikman, G. (2005). Randomized trial of a fixed combination (KanJang) of herbal extracts containing Adhatoda vasica, Echinacea purpurea and Eleutherococcus senticosus in patients with upper respi-ratory tract infections. Phytomedicine, 12(8): 539-47.
O’Neal, M.E., Landis, D.A. and Rufus, I. (2002). An inex-pensive, accurate method for measuring leaf area and defoliation through digital image analysis. Journal Economy Entomology, 95(6): 1190-1194.
Pandita, K., Bhatia, M.S., Thappa, R.K., Agarwal, S.G., Dhar, K.L. and Atal, C.K. (1983). Seasonal variation of alkaloids of Adhatoda vasica and detection of gly-cosides and N-oxides of vasicine and vasicinone. Planta Medica, 48: 81-82.
Patel, V.K. and Venkatakrishna, B.H. (1984). In vitro study of antimicrobial activity of Adhatoda vasika Linn. (leaf extract) on gingival inflammation a preliminary report. International Journal of Medical Science, 38(4): 70-2.
Rabadia, V.S., Thaker, V.S. and Singh, Y.D. (1999). Rela-tionship between water content and growth of seed and fiber in three cotton cultivars. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 183, 255–261.
Rabinovich, M.I., Leskov, A.I. and Gladkikh, A.S. (1966). Cholegogic properties of peganine. Vrachei, pp181.
Shinwari, Z.K. and Shah, M. (1995). The Ethnobotany of Kharan district, Balochistan, Pakistan. Proc Sym Med Pl, 12: 35-38.
Shrivastava, N., Shrivastava, A., Banerjee, A. and Nivsakar, M. (2006), Anti-ulcer activity of Adhatoda vasica Nees. Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy, 6(2): 43-9.
Tatmiya, R.N., Chudasama, K.S., Jhala, V.M. and Thaker, V.S. (2014). Screening of proper leaf size in Centella asiatica for antioxidant potential and separation of phe-nolics using RP-HPLC. Journal of Applied Pharmacol-ogical Science, 4 (2): 043-047.
Wagner, H. (1989). Search for new plant constituents with potential antiphlogistic and antiallergic activity. Planta Medica, 55(3): 235-41.
Wilson, K.B., Hanson, P.J., Mulholland, P., Baldocchi, D.D. and Wullschleger, S. (2001). A comparison of methods for determining forest evapotranspiration and its com-ponents: sap flow, soil water budget, eddy covariance and catchment water balance. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 106: 153-168.
Young, Y.C., Sungbong, O., Myoung, M.O. and Jung, E.S. (2007). Estimation of individual leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight of hydroponically grown cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) using leaf length, width, and SPAD value. Scientia Horticulturae, 111: 330-334.
Blanco, F.F. and Folegatti, M.V. (2003). A new method for estimating the leaf area index of cucumber and tomato plants. Horticultura Brasileira, 21 (4): 666-669.
Claeson, U.P., Malmfors, T., Wikman, G. and Bruhn, J.G. (2000). Adhatoda vasica: a critical review of ethnophar-macological and toxicological data. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 72: 1.
Daughtry, C.S.T. (1990). Direct measurement of canopy structure Instrumentation for studying vegetation cano-pies for remote sensing in optical and thermal infrared regions. Goel MS; Nnorman JM (Ed.) Harwood Aca-demic, New York, pp 45-60.
Dingkuhn, M. (1996). Modeling concepts for the phenotypic plasticity of dry matter and nitrogen partitioning in rice. Agricultural Systems, 52: 383-397.
Egli, D.B. and Tekrony, D.M. (1997). Species differences in seed water status during seed maturation and germina-tion. Seed Science Research, 7: 3-11.
Folkard, A., Abdoulaye, S. and Michael, D. (1999). Reserve mobilization, dry matter partitioning and specific leaf area in seedlings of African rice cultivars differing in early vigor. Field Crops Research, 62: 191-202.
Gangwar, A.K. and Ghosh, A.K. (2014). Medicinal uses and pharmacological activity of adhatoda vasica. Interna-tional journal of herbal medicine, 2(1): 88-91.
Jhala, V.M. and Thaker, V.S. (2015). X-ray computed tomography to study rice (Oryza sativa L.) panicle develop-ment. Journal of Experimental Botany, 66(21): 6819-6825.
Kuvad, R.P., Chudasama, K.S., Jhala, V.M. and Thaker, V.S. (2014). Standardization of leaf age for radical scaveng-ing activity in Terminalia Arjuna. Journal of Applied Nature Science, 6(1): 76-80.
Lahiri, P.K. and Pradhan, S.N. (1964). Pharmacological in-vestigation of vasicinol, an alkaloid from Adhatoda vasica Nees. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 2: 219.
Maikhuri, R.K. and Gangwar, A.K. (1965). Ethnobiological notes on the Khasi and Garo tribes of Meghalaya, Northeast India. Economic Botany, 47: 345.
Narimaian, M., Badalyan, M., Panosyan, V., Gabrielyan, E., Panossian, A. and Wikman, G. (2005). Randomized trial of a fixed combination (KanJang) of herbal extracts containing Adhatoda vasica, Echinacea purpurea and Eleutherococcus senticosus in patients with upper respi-ratory tract infections. Phytomedicine, 12(8): 539-47.
O’Neal, M.E., Landis, D.A. and Rufus, I. (2002). An inex-pensive, accurate method for measuring leaf area and defoliation through digital image analysis. Journal Economy Entomology, 95(6): 1190-1194.
Pandita, K., Bhatia, M.S., Thappa, R.K., Agarwal, S.G., Dhar, K.L. and Atal, C.K. (1983). Seasonal variation of alkaloids of Adhatoda vasica and detection of gly-cosides and N-oxides of vasicine and vasicinone. Planta Medica, 48: 81-82.
Patel, V.K. and Venkatakrishna, B.H. (1984). In vitro study of antimicrobial activity of Adhatoda vasika Linn. (leaf extract) on gingival inflammation a preliminary report. International Journal of Medical Science, 38(4): 70-2.
Rabadia, V.S., Thaker, V.S. and Singh, Y.D. (1999). Rela-tionship between water content and growth of seed and fiber in three cotton cultivars. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 183, 255–261.
Rabinovich, M.I., Leskov, A.I. and Gladkikh, A.S. (1966). Cholegogic properties of peganine. Vrachei, pp181.
Shinwari, Z.K. and Shah, M. (1995). The Ethnobotany of Kharan district, Balochistan, Pakistan. Proc Sym Med Pl, 12: 35-38.
Shrivastava, N., Shrivastava, A., Banerjee, A. and Nivsakar, M. (2006), Anti-ulcer activity of Adhatoda vasica Nees. Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy, 6(2): 43-9.
Tatmiya, R.N., Chudasama, K.S., Jhala, V.M. and Thaker, V.S. (2014). Screening of proper leaf size in Centella asiatica for antioxidant potential and separation of phe-nolics using RP-HPLC. Journal of Applied Pharmacol-ogical Science, 4 (2): 043-047.
Wagner, H. (1989). Search for new plant constituents with potential antiphlogistic and antiallergic activity. Planta Medica, 55(3): 235-41.
Wilson, K.B., Hanson, P.J., Mulholland, P., Baldocchi, D.D. and Wullschleger, S. (2001). A comparison of methods for determining forest evapotranspiration and its com-ponents: sap flow, soil water budget, eddy covariance and catchment water balance. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 106: 153-168.
Young, Y.C., Sungbong, O., Myoung, M.O. and Jung, E.S. (2007). Estimation of individual leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight of hydroponically grown cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) using leaf length, width, and SPAD value. Scientia Horticulturae, 111: 330-334.
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How to Cite
A linear model for leaf area measurement to screen potential leaf material for herbal drug in Adhatoda vasica L. (2016). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 8(1), 140-143. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i1.763
