Impact of different mycorrhizal species and leaf extracts on nutrient content, fruit yield, and quality of Satluj Purple plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.)
Article Main
Abstract
Mycorrhizal fungi are symbiotic associations between plants and fungi that are a wonderful advantage to horticulturists. They enhance nutrient assimilation and promote overall plant growth, evaluating the impact of combining different mycorrhizal species and leaf extracts on fruit nutrients and plum quality. The present study sought to evaluate the impact of various mycorrhizal species- Oidiodendron echinulatum (MTCC No. 1356) (Oe), Rhizophagus irregularis (Strain no. MUCL57021) (Ri) and Rhizophagus fasciculatus (Strain no. OR563927) (Rf) in combination with leaf extracts (LE) on nutrient composition and quality factors of Satluj Purple plum. The study design employed a Randomized Block Design factorial arrangement with eight treatments (Control, LE- custard apple, citrus and guava leaf extracts @0.5%, Oe, OeLE, Ri, RiLE, Rf, RfLE) that had three replications. Among eight various treatments, Rf with custard apple, citrus, and guava leaf extracts (RfLE) had a beneficial effect on nutritional parameters, fruiting traits, yield, and quality traits of Satluj purple plum. Additionally, Oe with custard apple, citrus, and guava leaf extracts (OeLE) was significant following RfLE for fruit nutrient, yield, and quality determination. These mycorrhizal fungi and leaf extracts (RfLE) combinations showed enhanced nitrogen (2.83%), phosphorus (0.45%), and potassium (3.26%) absorption, indicating superior quality and nutrient content. Pearson's correlation also quantified the strength and direction of single treatments and variables, which indicated the direct and indirect effects of variables. Thus, the dual use of RfLE and leaf extract is useful not just for alleviating the nutritional value but also for enhancing the calibre of fruit quality of plum fruit.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Fruit-quality, Leaf extract, Mycorrhiza, Nutrient uptake, Prunus salicina, Yield
References
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Benkebboura, A., Zoubi, B., Akachoud, O., Ghoulam, C., & Qaddoury, A. (2024). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve yield and quality attributes of melon fruit grown under greenhouse conditions. N Z J Crop Hortic Sci, 1(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/01140671.2024.2388889
Bizabani, C., Fontenla, S., & Dames, J. F. (2016). Ericoid fungal inoculation of blueberry under commercial production in South Africa. Sci Hortic, 209, 173–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2016.06.029
Bona, E., Cantamessa, S., Massa, N., Manassero, P., Marsano, F., Copetta, A., Lingua, G., D’Agostino, G., Gamalero, E., & Berta, G. (2017). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting pseudomonads improve yield, quality and nutritional value of tomato: A field study. Mycorrhiza, 27, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-016-0727-y
Cerri, M., Rosati, A., Famiani, F., & Reale, L. (2019). Fruit size in different plum species (Prunus L.) is determined by post-bloom developmental processes and not by ovary characteristics at anthesis. Sci Hortic, 255, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.04.064
Chiomento, J. L. T., Paula, J. E. C., De Nardi, F. S., Trentin, T. D. S., Magro, F. B., & Dornelles, A. G. (2021). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi influence the horticultural performance of strawberry cultivars. Res Soc Dev, 10(7). http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16972
Cobb, A. B. (2016). From soil ecology to human nutrition: Crop symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agroecosystems [Dissertation]. Stillwater (OK): Oklahoma State University, pp. 10–127.
Dar, G. A., Kumar, A., Misgar, F. A., & Javeed, K. (2018). Nutritional status of Santa Rosa Japanese plum as affected by nitrogen and boron under rainfed conditions of Kashmir. Ind J Hort, 75(2), 202–208. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0112.2018.00037.3
Deng, L., Wang, T., Hu, J., Yang, X., Yao, Y., Jin, Z., & Wang, Z. (2022). Effects of pollen sources on fruit set and fruit characteristics of ‘Fengtangli’ plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) based on microscopic and transcriptomic analysis. Int J Mol Sci, 23(21), 12959. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112959
Dongariyal, A., Dimri, D. C., Singh, M., Bhatt, R., & Kumar, A. (2024). Comparative analysis of exogenously applied synthetic auxins and micronutrients for effective management of fruit drop and quality improvement in subtropical Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.). J Plant Nutr, 47(12), 2015–2027. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2024.2327587
Galvez-Sola, L., García-Sánchez, F., Pérez-Pérez, J. G., Gimeno, V., Navarro, J. M., Moral, R., Martínez-Nicolás, J. J., & Nieves, M. (n.d.). Rapid estimation of nutritional elements on citrus leaves by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Front Plant Sci, 6, 571. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00571
Genre, A., Lanfranco, L., Perotto, S., & Bonfante, P. (2020). Unique and common traits in mycorrhizal symbioses. Nat Rev Microbiol, 18(11), 649–660. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-0402-3
Jamphol, N., Sekozawa, Y., Sugaya, S., & Gemma, H. (2012). Use of plant extracts for disease control in temperate fruit trees and its effect on fruit quality. Acta Hortic, 989, 103–109. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2013.989.11
Kaul, S., & Singh, H. (2024). Performance of plum (Prunus salicina L.) genotypes in subtropical north-western India (Punjab). Indian J Ecol, 51(6), 1253–1257. https://doi.org/10.55362/IJE/2024/4390
Kaur, A., Kaur, N., Singh, H., Murria, S., & Jawanda, S. K. (2021). Efficacy of plant growth regulators and mineral nutrients on fruit drop and quality attributes of plum cv. Satluj Purple. Plant Physiol Rep, 26, 541–547.
Kokkoris, V., Banchini, C., Paré, L., Abdellatif, L., Séguin, S., Hubbard, K., & Stefani, F. (2024). Rhizophagus irregularis, the model fungus in arbuscular mycorrhiza research, forms dimorphic spores. New Phytol, 242(4), 1771–1784. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19121
Kumar, M., Changan, S., Tomar, M., Prajapati, U., Saurabh, V., Hasan, M., Sasi, M., Maheshwari, C., Singh, S., Dhumal, S., & Radha. (2021). Custard apple (Annona squamosa L.) leaves: Nutritional composition, phytochemical profile, and health-promoting biological activities. Biomolecules, 11(5), 614. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11050614
Kumar, M., Tomar, M., Amarowicz, R., Saurabh, V., Nair, M. S., Maheshwari, C., Sasi, M., Prajapati, U., Hasan, M., Singh, S., & Changan, S. (2021). Guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaves: Nutritional composition, phytochemical profile, and health-promoting bioactivities. Foods, 10(4), 752. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10040752
Latimer, G. W. (2019). Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (21st ed.). AOAC Int.
Leopold, D. R. (2016). Ericoid fungal diversity: Challenges and opportunities for mycorrhizal research. Fungal Ecol, 24, 114–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2016.07.004
Lu, Y., Yan, Y., Qin, J., Ou, L., Yang, X., Liu, F., & Xu, Y. (2023). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance phosphate uptake and alter bacterial communities in maize rhizosphere soil. Front Plant Sci, 14, 1206870. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1206870
Maqbool, Z., Khalid, W., Atiq, H. T., Koraqi, H., Javaid, Z., Alhag, S. K., & Al-Farga, A. (2023). Citrus waste as source of bioactive compounds: Extraction and utilization in health and food industry. Molecules, 28(4), 1636. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041636
Martin, F. F., Molina, J. J., Nicolas, E. N., Alarcón, J. J., Kirchmair, M., García, F. J., & Bernal, C. (2017). Application of arbuscular mycorrhizae Glomus iranicum var. tenuihypharum var. nova in intensive agriculture: A study case. J Agric Sci Technol B, 7, 221–247. https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2017.04.001
Niu, J., Zhang, G., Zhang, W., Goltsev, V., Sun, S., Wang, J., & Ma, F. (2017). Anthocyanin concentration depends on the counterbalance between its synthesis and degradation in plum fruit at high temperature. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 7684. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07896-0
Ortas, I. (2017). Role of mycorrhizae on mineral nutrition of fruit trees. Acta Hortic, 1217, 271–284. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2018.1217.34
Parameshwari, S., Arackal, J. J., Suresh, S., & Malik, I. A. (2022). Nutrition and orchard manuring practices of plum trees. In Handbook of plum fruit (pp. 101-111). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.15413/ajar.2019.0121
Popova, V., Sergeeva, N., Yaroshenko, O., & Kuznetsova, A. (2020). Physiological state of plants and quality of plum fruits grafted on the rootstocks of various strength of growth depending on the plant nutrition mode. Slovak Journal of Food Sciences/Potravinarstvo, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.5219/1469
Priya, B., Kurubar, A. R., Ashk, A., Ramesh, G., Udaykumar, N., Umesh, M. R., & Rajakumar, H. (2022). Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization on growth and yield of custard apple (Annonas squamosa L.) cv. Balanagar. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 11(4), 1409–1412.
Rasouli, F., Amini, T., Asadi, M., Hassanpouraghdam, M. B., Aazami, M. A., & Ercisli, S., Mlcek, J. (2022). Growth and antioxidant responses of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to arbuscular mycorrhiza inoculation and seaweed extract foliar application. Agronomy, 12(2), 401. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020401
Razouk, R., Kajji, A., Alghoum, M., Bouichou, E., & Khalfi, C. D. (2016). Improvement of continuous deficit irrigation efficiency on young plum tree using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Am J Exp Agric, 13(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.9734/AJEA/2016/26467
Singh, S. A., & Singh, V. (2022). Nutritional status of soils and leaves of guava (Psidium guajava) orchards of Agra district, Uttar Pradesh. Ann Plant Soil Res, 24(3), 355–359. https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10175
Singh, S. S., Tripathi, V. K., & Awasthi, M. (2023). Influence of pre-harvest application of gibberellic acid and borax on fruit retention, yield and quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Dashehari. Biol Forum-Int J, 15(9), 287–291.
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Impact of different mycorrhizal species and leaf extracts on nutrient content, fruit yield, and quality of Satluj Purple plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.). (2025). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 17(3), 1306-1315. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v17i3.6830
