A new strategy to evaluate emerging tumour-associated antigens as biomarkers of acute lymphocytic leukaemia development
Article Main
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common type of tumour in children aged from 1-14 years .Currently, diagnosis is made by bone marrow aspiration. For this reason, the present study aimed to find a new diagnostic method for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia based on the presence of specific biomarkers such as (α–enolase, P53, VDCI , and CIg) their ratios may reflect the tumor development status of patients. Eighty children with ALL were selected and compared with forty healthy children as control. The ages of ALL and normal cases ranged from 1 to 14 years. The serum levels of α–enolase, P53, VDAC1 and CIg were determined using ELISA method. The results showed a significant decrease in the levels of α–enolase, P53 and CIg in ALL patients (Mean ±SD 388.9062 ± 115.18294 pg/ml , 76.9207 ± 10.23092 pg/ml and 6.2747 ± 3.49786 μg/ml respectively) compared to the control cases (Mean ±SD 596.7733 ± 217.34848 pg/ml , 118.0352 ± 44.49135 pg/ml , 8.6873 ± 4.04248 μg/ml) respectively with p<0.05 , while VDAC1 showed not significant decreased. The study concluded that changes in the selected tumour antigens reflected the physiological changes in the tumour lymphocytes, which can be adopted as new indicators to follow the tumour development and response to chemotherapy.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia, Alpha-enolase, Cancer, CIg, P53, VDACI
References
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Cappello, P., Curcio, C., Mandili, G., Roux, C., Bulfamante, S., and Novelli, F. (2018). Next generation immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer: DNA vaccination is seeking new combo partners. Cancers 10 ,1-19. doi:10.3390/ cancers10020051
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Maese, L., and Rau, R. E. (2022). Current use of asparaginase in acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10(902117),1-13. doi:10.3389/fped.2022.902117
Malard F, and Mohty M. (2020). Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The Lancet, 395(10230),1146–62. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33018-1
Monroy-Iglesias, M. J., Crescioli, S., Beckmann, K., Le, N., Karagiannis, S. N., Van Hemelrijck, M., and Santaolalla, A. (2022). Antibodies as biomarkers for cancer risk: a systematic review. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 209(1), 46-63. doi:10.1093/cei/uxac030
Qiao, H., Wang, Y., Zhu, B., Jiang, L., Yuan, W., and Zhou, Y. (2019). Enolase1 overexpression regulates the growth of gastric cancer cells and predicts poor survival. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 120(11),18714-18723. doi:10.1002/jcb.29179
Rheingold, S. R., Ji, L., Xu, X., Devidas, M., Brown, P. A., Gore, L., and Bhojwani, D. (2019). Prognostic factors for survival after relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): A Children’s Oncology Group (COG) study. Journal of Clinical Oncology,37(15). doi:10.1200/JCO.2019.37.15_suppl.10008.
Sarhadi, V. K., and Armengol, G. (2022). Molecular biomarkers in cancer. Biomolecules, 12(8), 1-39. doi:10.3390/biom12081021
Sheikhpour, R., Hashemi, A., Akhondzadeh, E., Khanjarpanah, Z., MirAkhor, M., Akhond Zardini, R., and Ghanizadeh, F. (2017). Evaluation of Immunoglobulin-A Level in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Iranian Journal of Pediatric hematology and oncology, 7(3), 149-153.
Shoshan-Barmatz, V., Shteinfer-Kuzmine, A., and Verma, A. (2020). VDAC1 at the intersection of cell metabolism, apoptosis, and diseases. Biomolecules, 10(11), 1-40 . doi:10.3390/biom10111485
Sobhani, N., Roviello, G., D’angelo, A., Roudi, R., Neeli, P. K., and Generali, D. (2021). p53 antibodies as a diagnostic marker for cancer: A meta-analysis. Molecules, 26(20),1-10. doi: 10.3390/molecules26206215
Tabatabaei, M. S., and Ahmed, M. (2022). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In Cancer cell biology: Methods and protocols (pp. 115–134). New York, NY: Springer US. doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-2344-3_8.
Tchounwou, P. B., and Kumar, S. (2022). Molecular mechanism of cisplatin-induced p53 activation, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis in acute leukemia cells. Cancer Research, 82,3982-3982. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2022-3982
Valentin, R., Grabow, S., and Davids, M. S. (2018). The rise of apoptosis: targeting apoptosis in hematologic malignancies. Blood, The Journal of the American Society of Hematology, 132(12), 1248-1264. doi:10.1182/blood-2018-02-791350
Wu, Y., Zhang, A., Chen, W., Xin, Q., Pan, W., Hu, X., and Wei, W. (2023). IgD/FcΔR is involved in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and regulated by IgD-Fc-Ig fusion protein. Pharmacological Research, 189,1-14. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106686
Yu, R., Yang, S., Liu, Y., and Zhu, Z. (2022). Identification and validation of serum autoantibodies in children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by serological proteome analysis. Proteome Science, 20(1), 3. doi:10.1186/s12953-022-00180-1
Zhang, L., Lu, T., Yang, Y., and Hu, L. (2020). α-enolase is highly expressed in liver cancer and promotes cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Oncology letters, 20(5), 1-9. doi:10.3892/ol.2020.12003
Awang, N., & Kamaludin, N. F. (2022). Cytotoxicity of diphenyltin (IV) diisopropyl dithiocarbamate compound on acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, CCL-119 (CCRF-CEM). Preprints, 1–12. doi:10.20944/preprints202 205.0149.v1
Blagih, J., Buck, M. D., and Vousden, K. H. (2020). p53, cancer and the immune response. Journal of Cell Science, 133(5),1-13. doi:10.1242/jcs.237453
Cappello, P., Curcio, C., Mandili, G., Roux, C., Bulfamante, S., and Novelli, F. (2018). Next generation immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer: DNA vaccination is seeking new combo partners. Cancers 10 ,1-19. doi:10.3390/ cancers10020051
Chen, J. (2016). The cell-cycle arrest and apoptotic functions of p53 in tumor initiation and progression. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 6(3),1-15. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a026104.
Chen, J. M., Chiu, S. C., Chen, K. C., Huang, Y. J., Liao, Y. A., and Yu, C. R. (2020). Enolase 1 differentially contributes to cell transformation in lung cancer but not in esophageal cancer. Oncology letters,19, 3189–3196. doi:10.3892/ol.2020. 11427
Cui, J. W., Li, W. H., Wang, J., Li, A. L., Li, H. Y., Wang, H. X., and Zhang, X. M. (2005). Proteomics-based identification of human acute leukemia antigens that induce humoral immune response. Molecular and Cellular Proteomics, 4(11), 1718-1724. doi:10.1074/mcp.m400165-mcp200
Das, S., Dey, M. K., Devireddy, R., and Gartia, M. R. (2023). Biomarkers in cancer detection, diagnosis, and prognosis. Sensors, 24(1),37-55. doi:10.3390/s24010037
Erfanipour, F., Ghorbani, F., Mirzaahmadi, S., and Asaadi Tehrani, G. (2023). Evaluating the Effects of Chemotherapy Drugs and Thiosemicarbazone Complexes on the Alteration of SNHG16 Expression in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 13(3),182-191. doi:10.18502/ijpho.v13i3.13130
Fang, D., and Maldonado, E. N. (2018). VDAC regulation: a mitochondrial target to stop cell proliferation. Advances in cancer research, 138 ,41-69. doi:10.1016/bs.acr.2018.02.002
Farooq, Z., Wani, S., Ragunathrao, V. A. B., Kochhar, R., and Anwar, M. (2022). p53 Tumor suppressor: Functional regulation and role in gene therapy. In p53-A Guardian of the Genome and Beyond. IntechOpen.doi: 10.5772/intechopen.105029
Hamed, O. M. (2022). Analysis of Common Mutation of P53 Gene in Male with Lung Cancer in Mosul City. Bionatura, 7(3), 52.doi: 10.21931/RB/2022.07.03.52
Hameed, M. A., & Hamed, O. M. (2023). Detection of P53 suppressor gene mutation in women with breast cancer in Mosul city. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2834(1).doi: 10.1063/5.0161448
Ibrahim, R. M., Idrees, N. H., & Younis, N. M. (2023). Epidemiology of leukemia among children in Nineveh Province, Iraq. Rawal Medical Journal, 48(1), 137.doi: 10.5455/rmj20221101110317
Inaba H, and Mullighan CG. (2020) . Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Haematologica.;105(11):25245–39. doi:10.3324/haematol.2020.247031
Ji, M., Wang, Z., Chen, J., Gu, L., Chen, M., Ding, Y., and Liu, T. (2019). Up-regulated ENO1 promotes the bladder cancer cell growth and proliferation via regulating β-catenin. Bioscience reports, 39(9). doi:10.1042/BSR20190503
Karachitos, A., Jordan, J., and Kmita, H. (2017). VDAC-targeted drugs affecting cytoprotection and mitochondrial physiology in cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 24(40),4419-4434. doi:10.2174/0929867324666170530073238
Ko, M., Kim, M. G., Yoon, S. S., Kim, I. W., Suh, S. Y., Cho, Y. S., and Oh, J. M. (2023). Clinical impacts of the concomitant use of L-asparaginase and total parenteral nutrition containing L-aspartic acid in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10 ,1-8. doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1122010
lmaguel, F. A., Sanchez, T. W., Ortiz-Hernandez, G. L., and Casiano, C. A. (2021). Alpha-enolase: Emerging tumor-associated antigen, cancer biomarker, and oncotherapeutic target. Frontiers in Genetics, 11, 614726. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.614726.
Maese, L., and Rau, R. E. (2022). Current use of asparaginase in acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10(902117),1-13. doi:10.3389/fped.2022.902117
Malard F, and Mohty M. (2020). Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The Lancet, 395(10230),1146–62. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33018-1
Monroy-Iglesias, M. J., Crescioli, S., Beckmann, K., Le, N., Karagiannis, S. N., Van Hemelrijck, M., and Santaolalla, A. (2022). Antibodies as biomarkers for cancer risk: a systematic review. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 209(1), 46-63. doi:10.1093/cei/uxac030
Qiao, H., Wang, Y., Zhu, B., Jiang, L., Yuan, W., and Zhou, Y. (2019). Enolase1 overexpression regulates the growth of gastric cancer cells and predicts poor survival. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 120(11),18714-18723. doi:10.1002/jcb.29179
Rheingold, S. R., Ji, L., Xu, X., Devidas, M., Brown, P. A., Gore, L., and Bhojwani, D. (2019). Prognostic factors for survival after relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): A Children’s Oncology Group (COG) study. Journal of Clinical Oncology,37(15). doi:10.1200/JCO.2019.37.15_suppl.10008.
Sarhadi, V. K., and Armengol, G. (2022). Molecular biomarkers in cancer. Biomolecules, 12(8), 1-39. doi:10.3390/biom12081021
Sheikhpour, R., Hashemi, A., Akhondzadeh, E., Khanjarpanah, Z., MirAkhor, M., Akhond Zardini, R., and Ghanizadeh, F. (2017). Evaluation of Immunoglobulin-A Level in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Iranian Journal of Pediatric hematology and oncology, 7(3), 149-153.
Shoshan-Barmatz, V., Shteinfer-Kuzmine, A., and Verma, A. (2020). VDAC1 at the intersection of cell metabolism, apoptosis, and diseases. Biomolecules, 10(11), 1-40 . doi:10.3390/biom10111485
Sobhani, N., Roviello, G., D’angelo, A., Roudi, R., Neeli, P. K., and Generali, D. (2021). p53 antibodies as a diagnostic marker for cancer: A meta-analysis. Molecules, 26(20),1-10. doi: 10.3390/molecules26206215
Tabatabaei, M. S., and Ahmed, M. (2022). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In Cancer cell biology: Methods and protocols (pp. 115–134). New York, NY: Springer US. doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-2344-3_8.
Tchounwou, P. B., and Kumar, S. (2022). Molecular mechanism of cisplatin-induced p53 activation, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis in acute leukemia cells. Cancer Research, 82,3982-3982. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2022-3982
Valentin, R., Grabow, S., and Davids, M. S. (2018). The rise of apoptosis: targeting apoptosis in hematologic malignancies. Blood, The Journal of the American Society of Hematology, 132(12), 1248-1264. doi:10.1182/blood-2018-02-791350
Wu, Y., Zhang, A., Chen, W., Xin, Q., Pan, W., Hu, X., and Wei, W. (2023). IgD/FcΔR is involved in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and regulated by IgD-Fc-Ig fusion protein. Pharmacological Research, 189,1-14. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106686
Yu, R., Yang, S., Liu, Y., and Zhu, Z. (2022). Identification and validation of serum autoantibodies in children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by serological proteome analysis. Proteome Science, 20(1), 3. doi:10.1186/s12953-022-00180-1
Zhang, L., Lu, T., Yang, Y., and Hu, L. (2020). α-enolase is highly expressed in liver cancer and promotes cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Oncology letters, 20(5), 1-9. doi:10.3892/ol.2020.12003
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A new strategy to evaluate emerging tumour-associated antigens as biomarkers of acute lymphocytic leukaemia development. (2025). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 17(1), 179-185. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v17i1.6211
