##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Gyanchand Gyanchand Manoj Kumar Sharma Sandeep Kumar Sushma Sagar Vinay Kumar Mukesh Kumar

Abstract

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is an economically important fruit crop of tropics and subtropics. It has high nutritional value, as well as medicinal and industrial applications. Papaya is a polygamous species with three sex types male, female, and hermaphrodite. Conventional methods of papaya breeding are time consuming and needs advent of anther culture which may be effective for shortening of breeding cycles. The present study on in vitro androgenesis in papaya cv. Pusa Nanha observed the highest embryo induction rate (8.0%) when anthers were
cultured on agar medium with 0.1 mg/L BA and 0.1 mg/L NAA after incubation in liquid MS medium with 2.0% sucrose for 7 days at 35ºC. The high temperature (35ºC) was more suitable for embryo induction in papaya than slightly low temperature (25ºC). At these both temperatures longer incubation of anthers in water reduced embryo induction rate. Sugar starvation results were ambiguous. Shoots were also developed in the media when used in liquid form. The highest rooting (75.0%) was observed at 2.0 mg/L IBA. Increasing IBA concentration reduced rooting. All well rooted plants were hardened in hardening chamber and successfully transferred to field. The present findings indicated that anther culture can be efficiently contributed for the direct micro-propagation of papaya plants. This study would also be helpful to the researchers to develop more efficient anther culture protocols for further improvement of papaya through in vitro androgenesis.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Keywords

Anther culture, embryogenesis, MS media, papaya, plant growth regulators

References
Azad, M.A.K., Rabbani, M.G. and Amin, L. (2013). Effects of different culture media and flower bud size on haploid plant production through anther culture of three Carica species. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 11 (2):296-300.
Badillo, V.M. (1971). Monografia de la Familia Caricaceae. Maracay, Venezuela. p. 222.
Bajaj, Y.P.S. (1990). In vitro production of haploids and their use in cell genetics and plant breeding. Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg.
Bajaj, Y.P.S. (1983). In vitro production of haploids. In: Handbook of Plant Cell Culture, Vol. 1: Techniques for Propagation and Breeding. Ed. D.A. Evans et al. Macmillan, New York. pp. 228-287.
Dallwitz, M.J. (1980). A general system for coding taxonomic descriptions. Taxon, 29:41-46.
Drew, R.A. (1988). Rapid clonal propagation of papaya in vitro from mature field grown trees. Hort. Sci., 23:609-611.
Drew, R.A. (2003). Micropropagation of Carica papaya and related species. In: Jain SM, Ishii K (Eds.). Micropropagation of woody trees and fruits. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands. pp. 543-564.
Dunwell, J.M. (1996). Microspore culture. In: In Vitro Haploid Production in Higher Plants, Vol. 1: Fundamental Aspects and Methods. Eds. SM Jain, SK Sopory and RE Veilleux. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands. pp. 205-216.
Guha, S. and Maheshwari, S.C. (1964). In vitro production of embryos from anthers of Datura. Nature, 204:496.
Heberle-Bors, E. (1985). In vitro haploid formation from pollen: a critical review. Theor. Appl. Genet., 71:361-374.
Indian Horticulture database (2011). Source: www.nhb.gov.in. Kataoka, I. and Inoue, H. (1991). Rooting of tissue cultured papaya shoots under ex vitro conditions. Japan J. Trop. Agr., 35(2):127-129.
Litz, R.E. and Conover, R.A. (1978). In vitro propagation of papaya. Hort. Sci., 13:241- 242.
Litz, R.E. and Conover, R.A. (1979). In Vitro improvement of Carica papaya L. Amer. Soc. Hortic. Sci., 23:157-159.
Maheshwari, S.C., Rashid, A. and Tyagi, A.K. (1982). Haploids from pollen grains- retrospect and prospect. Amer. J. Bot., 69:865-879.
Mondal, M., Gupta, S. and Mukherjee, B.B. (1990). In vitro propagation of shoot buds of Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae) var. Honey Dew. Plant Cell Rep., 8:609-612.
Murashige, T. and Skoog, F. (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant., 15:473-479.
Ochatt, S.J. and Zhang, Y.X. (1996). In vitro haploidization of fruit trees. In: S.M. Jain, S.K. Sopory and R.E. Veilleux (Eds). In vitro Haploid Production in Higher Plants. vol. 2, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. pp. 193-210.
Palmer, C.E. and Keller, W.A. (1997). Pollen embryos. In: K.R. Shivanna and V.K. Sawhney (Eds), Pollen biotechnology for crop production and improvement, Cambridge University Press, New York. pp. 392-422.
Rajeevan, M.S. and Pandey, R.M. (1983). Propagation of papaya through tissue culture. Acta Hortic., 131:131-139.
Rajeevan, M.S. and Pandey, R.M. (1986). Lateral bud culture of papaya (Carica papaya L.) for clonal propagation. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 6:181-188.
Ray, P.K. (2002). Breeding Tropical and Subtropical Fruits. Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, pp. 106-128.
Rimberia, F.K., Sunagawa, H., Urasaki, N., Ishimine, Y. and Adaniya, S. (2005). Embryo induction via anther culture in papaya and sex analysis of the derived plantlets. Sci. Hortic., 103:199-208.
Rimberia, F.K., Adaniya, S., Etoh, T. and Ishimine, Y. (2006). Sex and ploidy of anther culture derived papaya (Carica papaya L.). Euphytica, 149:53-59.
Sangwan, R.S. and Sangwan-Norreel, B.S. (1996). Cytological and biochemical aspects of in vitro androgenesis in higher plants. In: SM Jain, SK Sopory, RE Veilleux (Eds.), In vitro Haploid Production in Higher Plants, vol. 1. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 95-109.
Silva, J.A.T., Rashid, Z., Nhut, D.T., Sivakumar, D., Gera, A., Souza, J.M.T. and Tennant, P.F. (2007). Papaya (Carica papaya L.) biology and biotechnology. Tree for. Sci. Biotech., 1:47-73.
Sopory, S. and Munshi, M. (1996). Anther culture. In: S M Jain, S K Sopory, Veilleux R E(Eds.), In vitro Haploid Production in Higher Plants, vol. 1. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 145-176.
Tsay, H.S. and Su, C.Y. (1985). Anther culture of papaya (Carica papaya L.). Plant Cell Rep., 4:28-30.
Wilna, D.W. (1988). Clonal propagation of papaya in vitro. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 12:205-210.
Ying, C. (1986). Anther and pollen culture of rice. In: H. Han and Y. Hongyuan (Eds.), Haploids of Higher Plants In Vitro. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 3-25.
Zhang, Y.X. and Lespinasse, Y. (1992). Haploidy. In: F.A. Hammerschlag and R.E. Litz (Eds.), Biotechnology of perennial fruit crops, CAB International, Oxon. pp. 57-75
Zhang, J., Shen, W., Yan, P., Li, X. and Zhou, P. (2011). Factors that influence the yield and viability of protoplasts from Carica papaya L. Afr. J. Biotech., 10:5137-5142.
Section
Research Articles

How to Cite

In-Vitro androgenesis in papaya (Carica papaya L.) cv. Pusa Nanha. (2015). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 7(1), 273-278. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i1.601