Effect of diode laser rays in stimulating anthocyanin pigment levels in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) plant tissues
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Abstract
Plant tissue culture is the method to produce many pigments, such as anthocyanin, regarding the importance of light in plant growth, especially when using laser rays. The present study aimed to establish the effect of laser rays on seed germination, initiation of callus, and the measurement of the amounts of anthocyanin pigment and protein for the growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Sterilizing seeds were cultured on a surface of MS medium, then seedlings stems were exposed to laser rays for 0, 4, 8, and 12 minutes each alone and planted on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l of NAA and 1.0 mg/l of BA, the total protein of seedlings was estimated from all kinds of seedlings exposed to the rays. The anthocyanin pigment content was estimated and read Spectroscopically at a wavelength of 528 nm. The results refer to the different rates and periods of radish seed germination dependent on the exposure time to the laser rays. They also showed the ability of seedlings to initiate callus from hypocotyl stems, which was the fastest exposed for 12 minutes after 7 days at a rate of 100 %. The seeds which were previously exposed to diode laser rays at different times recorded a superiority in stimulating anthocyanin pigment content, which amounted to 1195.2 µg/g for stems and 333.8 µg/g for leaves over the rest of the treatments and the control treatment. This proved to be a modern method to develop forms of physical stimulation as a bio elicitor for the growth of radish tissue cells.
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Keywords
Anthocyanin pigment level, Diode laser, Radish, Raphanus sativus L., Plant tissues
References
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Blume, C. & Matthes. K. (2012). Understanding and forecasting polar stratospheric variability with statistical models. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics.12, 5691–5701. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-5691.
Cope, K.R. & Bughee, B. (2013). Spectral effects of three types of white light emitting diodes on plant growth and development: Absolute versus relative amounts of blue. Hort Science. 48(4), 504–509. https://doi.org/10.21273.
Dong, Y., Yue, X. Hu, J., Jiang, S. Xu, H. Wang, Y. Su, M. Zhang, J. Zhang, Z. Wang, N. & Chen, X. (2019). The B-box zinc finger protein MdBBX20 integrates anthocyanin accumulation in response to ultraviolet radiation and low temperature. Plant Cell Environment. 42 (7), 2090-2104. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13552.
Fang, S. Lin, F. Qu, D. Liang, X. & Wang, L. (2019). Characterization of purified red cabbage anthocyanins: improvement in HPLC separation and protective effect against H2O2 induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Molecules.24, 124-133. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24010124
Fathy, H.M. Metwally, S.A. & Taha, L. S. (2012). In vitro growth behavior and leaf anatomical structure of Balanites aegyptiaca and Cotoneoster horizontalis are influenced by different types of laser radiation. Journal of Applied Science Research. 8 (4), 2386-2396. ISSN 1819-544X. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288249865
Ghanem, S. N. & Abboud, S. A. (2019). Effects of diode laser radiation on the development and growth of sunflower callus Helianthus annuus L. Al-Rafidain Science Journal, 28(1), 24-34. https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2019.159402.
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Ghanem, S.N. & Abboud, S. A. (2015). The effect of treating sun seeds Helianthus annuus L. with laser rays. Journal of Biotechnology Research Center, 9(2), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.
Kamiya, H & Ozawa, S. (1999). Dual mechanism for presynaptic modulation by axonal metabotropic glutamate receptor at the mouse mossy fibre-CA3 synapse. Journal of Physiology, 15(518 Pt2),497–506. https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.14697793.1999.0497p.x.
Kazemzadeh -Bench, H. Mahna, N. Safari, E. & Motallebi-Azar, A. (2018). Blue diode and red He-Ne lasers affect the growth of anthocyanin producing suspension cells of apple. International Journal of Horticulture Science and Technology.5(2),231-239. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijhst.2018.234739.196
Kazemzadeh-Beneh, H. Mahna, N. Safari, E. Zaare-Nahandi, F. & Motallebi Azar, A. (2015). Effects of diode and He-Ne laser on in vitro production of anthocyanin in apple cell suspension culture. International Journal of Horticulture Science and Technology, 2(2), 205-212. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijhst.2015.56437.
Khalil, A.M. & Yahya, R.T. (2021). Efficiency of zinc oxide nanoparticlesas a plants growth enhancer to Linum usitatissimum L. seedlings. Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation; 32(3),ISSN2651-4451 | e-ISSN 2651-446X, www.turkjphysiotherrehabil.
Khoo, H.E. Azlan, A. Tang, S.T. & Lim, S.M. (2017). Anthocyanidins and anthocyanins: colored pigments as food, pharmaceutical ingredients, and the potential health benefits. Food and Nutrition Research. 61(1), 1361779. https://doi.org/10.1080%2F16546628.2017.
Lavanya, A.V.N. Sudhavani, V. Reddy, P.S. & Chaitanya, K. (2014). Effect of sowing dates and spacing on growth and root yield of radish cv. Pusa chetki. Plant Archives, 14 (1), 619-623. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5742.
Lowry, O.H. Rosebrnogh, N.J. Farr, A.L. & Randall, R.J. (1951). Protein measurements with the folin phenol reagent. Journal Biological Chemistry,193(1),265-275. https://doi.Org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)52451-6
Metwally, S.A. (2010). Physiological and anatomical studies on the effect of gamma and laser irradiation and some bioregulators treatments on the growth, flowering and keeping quality of gerbera. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University.
Mohammed, A.A. (2020). Efficiency the hairy roots of radish (Raphanus sativus) plant which genetic transformed by Agrobacterium Rhizogenes ATCC 15834 for anthocyanin production. Eurasian Journal of Bioscience,14,6437-6441. ISSN,1307-9867
Mori, T. Sakura , I. M., (1994). Sekim, M. & Furusaki, S. Use of auxin and cytokinin to regulate anthocyanin production and composition in suspension cultures of strawberry cell. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture.65,271-276. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa. 2740650303.
Murashige, T. & Skoog, F. A (1962). Revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum. 15,473- 497. https://doi.Org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x
Samuliene, G. Brazaityte, A. Urbonavicinte, A. Sabajeviene, G. & Duchovskis, P. (2010). The effect of red and blue light component on the growth and development of Frigo strawberries.Zemdirbyste-Agriculture.97(2), 99-104.UDK634.75,581.144.3.035 :631.559.
Santos-Buelga, C. Mateus, N. & De-Freitas,V. (2014). Anthocyanins. Plant pigments and beyond. Journal of Aricultural and Food Chemistry.62(29),6879-6884. https:// doi.Org/ 10.1021/jf501950s.
Shilpa, A.K. & Kaur, R. (2017). Establishment and regeneration of callus cultures in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) from various explants. Annual Research & Review in Biology. 12(2),1-6. DOI: 10.9734/ARRB/2017/32103.
Sivamaruthi, B. Kesika, P. Subasankari, K. & Chaiyasut, C. (2018). Beneficial effects of anthocyanins against diabetes mellitus associated consequence, A mini review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 8(10),471-477.DOI:10.4103/2221-1691.244137.
Talebi, S. Mortazavi, S. N. Naderi, R. & Sharafi, Y. (2013). Role of nitric oxide and thidiazuron on changes of pigments during postharvest in Rosa (Cv.‘Sensiro’). International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production.4(1),121-126. http://www.ijappjournal.com.
Wayne, R.A.(2016). Reinterpretation of stimulated emission as spontaneous emission under non thermodynamic equilibrium conditions. The African Review of Physics. 11,17-22. Corpus ID: 13606797.
Yahya, R.T. & Sultan, S.J.(2022). Effect of exposing the seeds of tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to diode laser rays on the germination, growth of hypocotyl stems callus of their seedlings and its content of lycopene. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6(S1), 987-996. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS1.4844.
Bao-xing, X. Jing-jing, W. Yi ting, Z. Shi-wei, S. Wei, S. Guang-Wen, S. Yan-Wei, H. & Hou-cheng, L. (2019). Supplemental blue and red light promote lycopene synthesis in tomato fruits. Journal of Integrative Agriculture.18(3), 590–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62062-3.
Blume, C. & Matthes. K. (2012). Understanding and forecasting polar stratospheric variability with statistical models. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics.12, 5691–5701. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-5691.
Cope, K.R. & Bughee, B. (2013). Spectral effects of three types of white light emitting diodes on plant growth and development: Absolute versus relative amounts of blue. Hort Science. 48(4), 504–509. https://doi.org/10.21273.
Dong, Y., Yue, X. Hu, J., Jiang, S. Xu, H. Wang, Y. Su, M. Zhang, J. Zhang, Z. Wang, N. & Chen, X. (2019). The B-box zinc finger protein MdBBX20 integrates anthocyanin accumulation in response to ultraviolet radiation and low temperature. Plant Cell Environment. 42 (7), 2090-2104. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13552.
Fang, S. Lin, F. Qu, D. Liang, X. & Wang, L. (2019). Characterization of purified red cabbage anthocyanins: improvement in HPLC separation and protective effect against H2O2 induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Molecules.24, 124-133. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24010124
Fathy, H.M. Metwally, S.A. & Taha, L. S. (2012). In vitro growth behavior and leaf anatomical structure of Balanites aegyptiaca and Cotoneoster horizontalis are influenced by different types of laser radiation. Journal of Applied Science Research. 8 (4), 2386-2396. ISSN 1819-544X. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288249865
Ghanem, S. N. & Abboud, S. A. (2019). Effects of diode laser radiation on the development and growth of sunflower callus Helianthus annuus L. Al-Rafidain Science Journal, 28(1), 24-34. https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2019.159402.
Ghanem, S. N.,. (2017). The effect of laser radiation on the development and growth of callus of the sunflower Helianthus annuus L. and the activity of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase and its content of nucleic acids, proteins and folate. Master Thesis, College of Science, University of Mosul, Iraq.
Ghanem, S.N. & Abboud, S. A. (2015). The effect of treating sun seeds Helianthus annuus L. with laser rays. Journal of Biotechnology Research Center, 9(2), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.
Kamiya, H & Ozawa, S. (1999). Dual mechanism for presynaptic modulation by axonal metabotropic glutamate receptor at the mouse mossy fibre-CA3 synapse. Journal of Physiology, 15(518 Pt2),497–506. https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.14697793.1999.0497p.x.
Kazemzadeh -Bench, H. Mahna, N. Safari, E. & Motallebi-Azar, A. (2018). Blue diode and red He-Ne lasers affect the growth of anthocyanin producing suspension cells of apple. International Journal of Horticulture Science and Technology.5(2),231-239. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijhst.2018.234739.196
Kazemzadeh-Beneh, H. Mahna, N. Safari, E. Zaare-Nahandi, F. & Motallebi Azar, A. (2015). Effects of diode and He-Ne laser on in vitro production of anthocyanin in apple cell suspension culture. International Journal of Horticulture Science and Technology, 2(2), 205-212. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijhst.2015.56437.
Khalil, A.M. & Yahya, R.T. (2021). Efficiency of zinc oxide nanoparticlesas a plants growth enhancer to Linum usitatissimum L. seedlings. Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation; 32(3),ISSN2651-4451 | e-ISSN 2651-446X, www.turkjphysiotherrehabil.
Khoo, H.E. Azlan, A. Tang, S.T. & Lim, S.M. (2017). Anthocyanidins and anthocyanins: colored pigments as food, pharmaceutical ingredients, and the potential health benefits. Food and Nutrition Research. 61(1), 1361779. https://doi.org/10.1080%2F16546628.2017.
Lavanya, A.V.N. Sudhavani, V. Reddy, P.S. & Chaitanya, K. (2014). Effect of sowing dates and spacing on growth and root yield of radish cv. Pusa chetki. Plant Archives, 14 (1), 619-623. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5742.
Lowry, O.H. Rosebrnogh, N.J. Farr, A.L. & Randall, R.J. (1951). Protein measurements with the folin phenol reagent. Journal Biological Chemistry,193(1),265-275. https://doi.Org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)52451-6
Metwally, S.A. (2010). Physiological and anatomical studies on the effect of gamma and laser irradiation and some bioregulators treatments on the growth, flowering and keeping quality of gerbera. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University.
Mohammed, A.A. (2020). Efficiency the hairy roots of radish (Raphanus sativus) plant which genetic transformed by Agrobacterium Rhizogenes ATCC 15834 for anthocyanin production. Eurasian Journal of Bioscience,14,6437-6441. ISSN,1307-9867
Mori, T. Sakura , I. M., (1994). Sekim, M. & Furusaki, S. Use of auxin and cytokinin to regulate anthocyanin production and composition in suspension cultures of strawberry cell. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture.65,271-276. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa. 2740650303.
Murashige, T. & Skoog, F. A (1962). Revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum. 15,473- 497. https://doi.Org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x
Samuliene, G. Brazaityte, A. Urbonavicinte, A. Sabajeviene, G. & Duchovskis, P. (2010). The effect of red and blue light component on the growth and development of Frigo strawberries.Zemdirbyste-Agriculture.97(2), 99-104.UDK634.75,581.144.3.035 :631.559.
Santos-Buelga, C. Mateus, N. & De-Freitas,V. (2014). Anthocyanins. Plant pigments and beyond. Journal of Aricultural and Food Chemistry.62(29),6879-6884. https:// doi.Org/ 10.1021/jf501950s.
Shilpa, A.K. & Kaur, R. (2017). Establishment and regeneration of callus cultures in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) from various explants. Annual Research & Review in Biology. 12(2),1-6. DOI: 10.9734/ARRB/2017/32103.
Sivamaruthi, B. Kesika, P. Subasankari, K. & Chaiyasut, C. (2018). Beneficial effects of anthocyanins against diabetes mellitus associated consequence, A mini review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 8(10),471-477.DOI:10.4103/2221-1691.244137.
Talebi, S. Mortazavi, S. N. Naderi, R. & Sharafi, Y. (2013). Role of nitric oxide and thidiazuron on changes of pigments during postharvest in Rosa (Cv.‘Sensiro’). International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production.4(1),121-126. http://www.ijappjournal.com.
Wayne, R.A.(2016). Reinterpretation of stimulated emission as spontaneous emission under non thermodynamic equilibrium conditions. The African Review of Physics. 11,17-22. Corpus ID: 13606797.
Yahya, R.T. & Sultan, S.J.(2022). Effect of exposing the seeds of tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to diode laser rays on the germination, growth of hypocotyl stems callus of their seedlings and its content of lycopene. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6(S1), 987-996. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS1.4844.
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Effect of diode laser rays in stimulating anthocyanin pigment levels in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) plant tissues. (2024). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 16(3), 1158-1163. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v16i3.5779
