Effects of different nutrient sources on seed germination and early growth of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) and brinjal (Solanum melonjena L.)
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Abstract
The population and food demand are growing at the same rate. Properly applying fertilizers is important to this endeavor, as it is critical in increasing growth, yields, and quality. The filter paper seed germination bioassay will serve as a better alternative to study the direct impact of fertilizers on seed germination because, in soil or culture medium-based studies, various other factors also influence germination and growth. The present study investigated the effect of seven different fertilizers: mineral (Urea, DAP, and combined NPK), organic (Vermicompost + Poultry, Pond slurry, Farmyard manure), and organomineral (Pond slurry + Poultry + Mineral) having four different concentrations (110, 220, 330, 440 mg/L) on seed germination and seedling growth of brinjal and cluster bean while the double distilled water served as blank. Various parameters were recorded, such as the seedling's relative germination ratio, shoot length, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight. Among different fertilizers, organic fertilizers give the best-suited results at 440 mg/L, while mineral fertilizers above 110 mg/L inhibited germination and seedling growth. The best-suited fertilizer combination was organomineral, with a concentration of 220 mg/L. Furthermore, regression analysis depicted a stronger correlation between growth parameters and the N, P, and K content of different fertilizers. This study suggests that higher doses of fertilizers sometimes leads to inhibition of growth and yield. Additionally, organomineral fertilizer served as better alternative because they blend both organic and inorganic nutrients.
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Keywords
Germination bioassay, Inorganic fertilizers, Organic fertilizers, Seed germination
References
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Ayeni, L. S. & Ezeh, O. S. (2017). Comparative effect of NPK 20: 10: 10, organic and organo-mineral fertilizers on soil chemical properties, nutrient uptake and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Applied Tropical Agriculture, 22(1), 111-116.
Bhatt, R. K., Jukanti, A. K. & Roy, M. M. (2017). Cluster bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.], an important industrial arid legume: A review. Legume Research-An International Journal, 40(2), 207-214. http://10.0.73.117/lr.v0iOF.11188
Dar, G. H., Bhat, R. A., Mehmood, M. A. & Hakeem, K. R. (2021). Microbiota and Biofertilizers, Vol 2. Springer Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61010-4
Dhaliwal, S. S., Naresh, R. K., Mandal, A., Walia, M. K., Gupta, R. K., Singh, R. & Dhaliwal, M. K. (2019). Effect of manures and fertilizers on soil physical properties, build-up of macro and micronutrients and uptake in soil under different cropping systems: a review. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42(20), 2873-2900. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2019.1659337
Didawat, R. K., Sharma, V. K., Nath, D. J., Patra, A., Kumar, S., Biswas, D. R., Chobhe, K. A., Bandyopadhyay, K. K., Trivedi, A., Chopra, I., Dutta, A., Mahopatra, K. K. & Anil, A. S. (2023). Soil biochemical properties and nutritional quality of rice cultivated in acidic inceptisols using long-term organic farming practices. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 69(8), 1282-1297. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2022.2084084
Elidar, Y. (2018). Seed emergence and growth of the short age sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) as a response of seed scarifcation and liquid organic fertilizer application. Asian Journal of Agriculture, 2(01), 8–13. https://doi.org/10.13057/asianjagric/g020102
Erşahin, Y. Ş., Ece, A. & Karnez, E. (2017). Differential effects of a vermicompost fertilizer on emergence and seedling growth of tomato plants. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 5(11), 1360-1364. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i11.1360-1364.1458
Eyheraguibel, B., Silvestre, J. & Morard, P. (2008). Effects of humic substances derived from organic waste enhancement on the growth and mineral nutrition of maize. Bioresource technology, 99(10), 4206-4212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.08.082
Farid, I. M., Abbas, M. H. & El-Ghozoli, A. (2023). Wheat productivity as influenced by integrated mineral, organic and biofertilization. Egyptian Journal of Soil Science, 63(3), 287-299. https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejss.2023.192023.1590
Food and Agriculture Organization (2019). The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture. Rome, Italy. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/3/CA3129EN/ca3129en.pdf.
Goud, B. R., Raghavendra, M., Prasad, P. S., Hatti, V., Halli, H. M., Nayaka, G. V., Suresh G., Maheshwari, K. S., Adilakshmi, G., Reddy, G. P. & Rajpoot, S. K. (2022). Sustainable management and restoration of the fertility of damaged soils. In: Agriculture Issues and Policies, 113. Nova Science Publishers, New York.
Jannat, S. A., Haque, M. A., Nahar, K., Ali, M. K. J., Chowhan, S., Hossian, M. M. & Rahman, M. H. (2023). Integrated effect of vermicompost and chemical fertilizers on the yield & yield contributing characteristics of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.). Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research, 23(4), 39 – 43. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaar/2023/v23i4477
Joshi, R., Singh, J. & Vig, A. P. (2015). Vermicompost as an effective organic fertilizer and biocontrol agent: effect on growth, yield and quality of plants. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 14, 137-159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-014-9347-1
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Effects of different nutrient sources on seed germination and early growth of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) and brinjal (Solanum melonjena L.). (2024). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 16(3), 1141-1152. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v16i3.5704
