Greenhouse evaluation of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin against Aphis craccivora (Das) on Fenugreek
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Abstract
The bioassay studies were carried out to determine the LC50 and LT50 of Beauveria bassiana against Aphis craccivora on fenugreek under greenhouse conditions. The results revealed that, the cumulative corrected mortality (CCM) was 43.50% at higher concentration (1×1010 spores/ml) and it was 20.85% at lowest concentration (1×104 spores/ml) at one day after treatment (DAT). The CCM decreased with decreasing conidial spore concentration. Likewise, at 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 DAT, almost same trend was observed. At 7 DAT, the CCM was 85.04% and 55.21% at 1×1010 spores/ml and 1×104 spores/ml, respectively. The LC50 value of B. bassiana against A. craccivora was 1.2×108 spores/ml. Mean lethal time (LT50) values were worked out 73, 89, 97, 112, 126, 138 and 157 hours for 1010, 109, 108, 107, 106, 105 and 104 spores/ml, respectively. By testing the field efficacy of B. bassiana against A. craccivora, this insect pathogenic fungus can be used as potential biocontrol agent for the sustainable management of aphid in fenugreek crop.
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Keywords
Aphis craccivora, Beauveria bassiana, LC50, LT50 value, Pathogenicity
References
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AI-Rahmah, A.N., Mostafa, A.A., Abdel-Megeed, A., Yakout, S.M. and Hussein, S.A. (2013). Fungicidal activities of certain methanolic plant extracts against tomato phytopathogenic fungi. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 7(6): 517-524.doi: 10.5897/ AJMR12.1902.
Akmal, M., Freed, S., Malik, M.N. and Gul, H.T. (2013). Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana (Deuteromycotina: Hypomycetes) against different aphid species under laboratory conditions. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 45 (1): 71-78.
Al-alawi, M.S. and Obeidat, M. (2014). Selection of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin isolates for management of Myzus persicae (Sultzar) (Homoptera: Aphidae) based on virulence and growth related characteristics. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 9 (1): 94-100. doi:10.3844/ajabssp. 2014.94.100.
Chen, W.W and Feng, M.G. (1999). Evaluation on the potential of four imported isolates of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus as microbial control agents toward the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae. Journal of Zhejiang University-Agriculture and Life Science, 25: 563-568.
Aswini, G.V. (2006). Evaluation of fungal pathogen Fusarium semitectum Berk and Ravenel against sugarcane woolly aphid Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner (Homoptera: Aphididae). M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India.
Deshwal, H.L. (2007). Management of insect- pests of fenugreek, Trigonella foenum graecum L. Ph.D Thesis submitted to Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner. P.151
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Farhana, K., Islam, H., Emran, E.H. and Islam, N. (2006). Toxicity and repellant activity of three spice materials on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults. Journal of Bio-Science, 14:127-130.
Finney, D.J. (1971). Probit analysis. A statistical treatment of the sigmoid response curve. London. Cambridge University Press. 100pp.
Hajek, A.E. and Delalibera, I. (2010). Fungal pathogens as classical biological control agents against arthropods. BioControl, 55: 147–158
Ibrahim, L., Hamieh, A., Ghanem, H and Ibrahim, S.K. (2011). Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi from lebanese soils against aphids, whitefly and non-target beneficial insects. International Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 3 (3): 156-164.
Kim, K., Vu, V.H., Hong, S. (2008). Selection of entomopathogenic fungi for aphid control. Abstracts- Journal of Biotechnology, 136S:S290–S344
Latge, J.P and Papierok, B. (1988). Aphid pathogens. Aphids, their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control (Eds. Minks A K and Harrewijn P). Vol. 2 Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp 323-335.
Liu, H., Skinner, M., Parker, B.L. and Brownbridge, M. (2002). Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycot ina: Hyphomycetes), and other entomopathogenic fungi against Lygus lineolaris (Hemiptera: Mirridae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 95: 675-681.
Meghwal, M. and Goswami, T.K. (2012). A review on the functional properties, nutritional content, medicinal utilization and potential application of fenugreek. Journal of Food Processing and Technology, 3:181. doi:10.4172/2157-7110.100018
Milner, R.J. (1997). Prospects for biopesticides for aphid control. Entomophaga, 42:227–239
Nirmala, R., Ramanujan, B., Rabindra, R.J and Rao, N.S. (2006). Effect of entomofungal pathogens on mortality of three aphid species. Journal of Biological Control, 20 (1): 89-94.
Saranya, S., Ushakumari, R., Jacob, S and Philip, B.M (2010). Efficacy of different entomopathogenic fungi against cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch). Journal of Biopesticides, 3(1): 138-142.
Selvaraj, K., Kaushik, H.D., Gulati, R. and Sharma, S.S. (2010). Bioefficacy of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin against coriander aphid, Hyadaphis coriandri (Das) on coriander and Aphis craccivora Koch on fenugreek. Journal of Biological Control, 24(2): 142-146.
Sharma, S.S and Kalra, V.K.(2002). Assessment of seed yield losses caused by Aphis craccivora (Koch.) in fenugreek. Forage Research, 28(3): 183-184.
Singh, B., Kaur, R. and Singh, K. (2008). Characterization of Rhizobium strain isolated from the roots of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek). African Journal of Biotechnology, 7 (20): 3671-3676. Doi: 10.5897/ ajb08.752
Suresh, B.C., Khan, H.K. and Prasanna, P.M. (2012). Efficacy of different entomopathogenic fungi against cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch under laboratory and field condition. International Journal of Plant Protection, 5(1): 68-71.
Thomas, K.J., Selvanayagam, M., Raja, N. and Ignacimuthu, S. (2002). Plant products in controlling rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 61: 269-274.
Vimaladevi, P.S. (2005). Role of entomopathogenic fungi in insect pest management. Winter school on bio-intensive integrated management of insect pests and diseases of crops. Directorate of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, pp 49-54.
Wraight, S.P. and Carruthers, R.I. (2010). Production, delivery and use of mycoinsecticides for control of insect pests of field crops. In: Biopesticides: Use and Delivery, Hall, F.R. and J.J. Menn (Eds.), Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. pp: 233-270.
Wright, M.S., Raina, A.K. and Lax, A.R. (2005). A strain of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae for controlling subterranean termites. Journal of Economic Entomology, 98: 1451-1458.
Yadav, R.K., Kalia P., Kumar, R. and Jai, V. (2013). Antioxidant and nutritional activity studies of green leafy vegetables. International Journal of Agriculture and Food Science Technology, 4(7): 707-712.
Vu, V.H., Hong, S. and Kim, K. (2007). Selection of entomopathogenic fungi for aphid control. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 104 (6): 498–505. doi: 10.1263/jbb.104.498.
AI-Rahmah, A.N., Mostafa, A.A., Abdel-Megeed, A., Yakout, S.M. and Hussein, S.A. (2013). Fungicidal activities of certain methanolic plant extracts against tomato phytopathogenic fungi. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 7(6): 517-524.doi: 10.5897/ AJMR12.1902.
Akmal, M., Freed, S., Malik, M.N. and Gul, H.T. (2013). Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana (Deuteromycotina: Hypomycetes) against different aphid species under laboratory conditions. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 45 (1): 71-78.
Al-alawi, M.S. and Obeidat, M. (2014). Selection of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin isolates for management of Myzus persicae (Sultzar) (Homoptera: Aphidae) based on virulence and growth related characteristics. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 9 (1): 94-100. doi:10.3844/ajabssp. 2014.94.100.
Chen, W.W and Feng, M.G. (1999). Evaluation on the potential of four imported isolates of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus as microbial control agents toward the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae. Journal of Zhejiang University-Agriculture and Life Science, 25: 563-568.
Aswini, G.V. (2006). Evaluation of fungal pathogen Fusarium semitectum Berk and Ravenel against sugarcane woolly aphid Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner (Homoptera: Aphididae). M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India.
Deshwal, H.L. (2007). Management of insect- pests of fenugreek, Trigonella foenum graecum L. Ph.D Thesis submitted to Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner. P.151
Feng, M.G., Johnson, J.B and Krish, L.P. (1990). Virulence of Verticillium lecanii and an aphid-derived isolate of Beauveria bassiana (Fungi: Hyphomycetes) for six species of cereal aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae). Environmental Entomology, 19: 1534-1542.
Farhana, K., Islam, H., Emran, E.H. and Islam, N. (2006). Toxicity and repellant activity of three spice materials on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults. Journal of Bio-Science, 14:127-130.
Finney, D.J. (1971). Probit analysis. A statistical treatment of the sigmoid response curve. London. Cambridge University Press. 100pp.
Hajek, A.E. and Delalibera, I. (2010). Fungal pathogens as classical biological control agents against arthropods. BioControl, 55: 147–158
Ibrahim, L., Hamieh, A., Ghanem, H and Ibrahim, S.K. (2011). Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi from lebanese soils against aphids, whitefly and non-target beneficial insects. International Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 3 (3): 156-164.
Kim, K., Vu, V.H., Hong, S. (2008). Selection of entomopathogenic fungi for aphid control. Abstracts- Journal of Biotechnology, 136S:S290–S344
Latge, J.P and Papierok, B. (1988). Aphid pathogens. Aphids, their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control (Eds. Minks A K and Harrewijn P). Vol. 2 Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp 323-335.
Liu, H., Skinner, M., Parker, B.L. and Brownbridge, M. (2002). Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycot ina: Hyphomycetes), and other entomopathogenic fungi against Lygus lineolaris (Hemiptera: Mirridae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 95: 675-681.
Meghwal, M. and Goswami, T.K. (2012). A review on the functional properties, nutritional content, medicinal utilization and potential application of fenugreek. Journal of Food Processing and Technology, 3:181. doi:10.4172/2157-7110.100018
Milner, R.J. (1997). Prospects for biopesticides for aphid control. Entomophaga, 42:227–239
Nirmala, R., Ramanujan, B., Rabindra, R.J and Rao, N.S. (2006). Effect of entomofungal pathogens on mortality of three aphid species. Journal of Biological Control, 20 (1): 89-94.
Saranya, S., Ushakumari, R., Jacob, S and Philip, B.M (2010). Efficacy of different entomopathogenic fungi against cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch). Journal of Biopesticides, 3(1): 138-142.
Selvaraj, K., Kaushik, H.D., Gulati, R. and Sharma, S.S. (2010). Bioefficacy of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin against coriander aphid, Hyadaphis coriandri (Das) on coriander and Aphis craccivora Koch on fenugreek. Journal of Biological Control, 24(2): 142-146.
Sharma, S.S and Kalra, V.K.(2002). Assessment of seed yield losses caused by Aphis craccivora (Koch.) in fenugreek. Forage Research, 28(3): 183-184.
Singh, B., Kaur, R. and Singh, K. (2008). Characterization of Rhizobium strain isolated from the roots of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek). African Journal of Biotechnology, 7 (20): 3671-3676. Doi: 10.5897/ ajb08.752
Suresh, B.C., Khan, H.K. and Prasanna, P.M. (2012). Efficacy of different entomopathogenic fungi against cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch under laboratory and field condition. International Journal of Plant Protection, 5(1): 68-71.
Thomas, K.J., Selvanayagam, M., Raja, N. and Ignacimuthu, S. (2002). Plant products in controlling rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 61: 269-274.
Vimaladevi, P.S. (2005). Role of entomopathogenic fungi in insect pest management. Winter school on bio-intensive integrated management of insect pests and diseases of crops. Directorate of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, pp 49-54.
Wraight, S.P. and Carruthers, R.I. (2010). Production, delivery and use of mycoinsecticides for control of insect pests of field crops. In: Biopesticides: Use and Delivery, Hall, F.R. and J.J. Menn (Eds.), Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. pp: 233-270.
Wright, M.S., Raina, A.K. and Lax, A.R. (2005). A strain of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae for controlling subterranean termites. Journal of Economic Entomology, 98: 1451-1458.
Yadav, R.K., Kalia P., Kumar, R. and Jai, V. (2013). Antioxidant and nutritional activity studies of green leafy vegetables. International Journal of Agriculture and Food Science Technology, 4(7): 707-712.
Vu, V.H., Hong, S. and Kim, K. (2007). Selection of entomopathogenic fungi for aphid control. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 104 (6): 498–505. doi: 10.1263/jbb.104.498.
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How to Cite
Greenhouse evaluation of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin against Aphis craccivora (Das) on Fenugreek. (2014). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 6(2), 852-856. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v6i2.545
