Optimizing nitrogen and potassium for aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.) in elevated -temperature environments
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Abstract
Increasing atmospheric temperature is the consequence of global warming, which is anticipated to impact crop growth and development and decrease the productivity of crops in tropical regions. The field experiments were conducted during the summer season of 2020 and 2021 at College farm, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, to study the response of different rice varieties to elevated temperatures (2-3°C above ambient condition) during the flowering stage with different N and K levels under aerobic conditions. The experiments were laid out in Randomized Block Design consisting of eight treatments viz. V1F0 – Vaishak + 60 kg N and 30 kg K2O (Control – ambient temperature); V1F1- Vaishak+60 kg N and 30 kg K2O; V1F2- Vaishak+90 kg N and 45 kg K2O; V1F3- Vaishak+120 kg N and 60 kg K2O (under stress); V2F0- Aiswarya+60 kg N and 30 kg K2O (Control – No stress);V2F1- Aiswarya+60 kg N and 30 kg K2O; V2F2- Aiswarya+90 kg N and 45 kg K2O; V2F3- Aiswarya+120 kg N and 60 kg K2O (under stress). The tallest plant, higher number of tillers per hill, leaf area index, grain protein, grain and straw yield were observed with higher N and K levels (120: 60 kg/ha). The study revealed that the application of 90 kg N and 45 kg K2O produced comparable grain yields of Vaishak (2365 kg/ha in 2020 and 2186 kg/ha in 2021) and Aiswarya (2395 kg/ha in 2020 and 2104 kg/ha in 2021) to that of 120 kg N and 60 kg K2O/ha in both Vaishak and Aiswarya. Under elevated temperatures, the variety Aiswarya and Vaishak gave better yields to the farmers when supplied with 90 kg N and 45 kg K2O.
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Aerobic rice, Elevated temperature, Nitrogen, Potassium, Yield
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