On some biochemical contents of tapeworm Proteocephalus osculatus and its definitive host, Silurus triostegus
Article Main
Abstract
Fishes are increasingly reported as important economic national resources, with recent interest focused on their therapeutic potential in reducing some diseases, including cardiovascular ones, due to their unsaturated fats and omega 3 content. The present study aimed to determine the concentration of some biochemical contents in the tissues of the tapeworm and the intestinal tissue of its definitive host Silurus triostegus fish. A total of 63 fishes were brought to the laboratory and dissected for small intestine removal, and a tapeworm of Proteocephalus. osculatus was collected and washed several times with saline solution. Intestinal tissues of the infected and non-infected fishes and the collected parasites were compared for biochemical parameters. Protein, glycogen, lipids, creatinine, and urea were measured using standard methods. Infected fishes had their intestinal tissues with a significantly (p<0.05) lower protein (22.06±0.42 mg/g wet weight), glycogen (12.33±0.08 mg/100 ml of solution, and lipid (17.10±0.16 mg/g wet weight) than non-infected fishes (33.06±0.72 mg/g wet weight, 20.23±0.53 mg/100 ml of solution, and 27.26±0.45 mg/g wet weight, respectively). Conversely, urea (12.30±0.36 mg/dl) and creatinine (2.31±0.12 mg/dl) increased significantly (p<0.05) in the infected host compared to non-infected ones (10.66±0.22 mg/dl and 1.07±0.10 mg/dl, respectively). This study highlights the impact of P. osculatus infection on the biochemical composition of S. triostegus, providing insights into parasite-host metabolic interactions. The findings suggest that biochemical markers such as protein, glycogen, and urea levels can serve as diagnostic indicators of fish health and can be valuable for disease monitoring, improving the quality of fish and fisheries management for commercial and export purposes.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Creatinine, Glycogen, Lipid, Protein, Silurus triostegus, Tapeworm, Urea
References
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Biswal, D., Nandi, A. P., & Chatterjee, S. (2014). Biochemical and molecular characterization of the Cyclophyllidean cestode, Cotugnia cuneata (Meggit, 1924), an endoparasite of domestic pigeons, Columba livia domestica. Journal of Parasitic Diseases: Official Organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology, 38(1), 106–110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-012-0203-3
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Cheng, T. C. (1986). General Parasitology, College Division Harcount Brace Jovanovich Puplisher (Vol. 522). Academic Press, Inc.
Dörücü, M. (2000). Changes in protein and lipid content of muscle, liver and ovaries in relation to Diphyllobothrium spp. (Cestoda) infection in powen (Coregonus lavaretus) from Loch Lomond, Scotland. Scotland. Scotland Turkish Journal of Zoology, 24, 211–218.
Fartade, A., & Chati, R. (2016). Biochemical studies on cestode parasites in Gallus. Solapur and Osmanabad district. International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies, 3, 109–110.
Fartade, A., Jawale, S., & Borde, S. (2011). Biochemistry of Ptychobothridean parasites in fresh water fish Mastacembelus armatus. Science and Technology, 3, 6–08.
Harvey, R., & Ferrier, D. (2011). Lippncott’s Iiiustrated reviews: Biochemistry. London: Lippincott Wiliams and Wilkins. Wolters Kluwer.
Hassan, H. F., Hashim, D. S., & Abdullah, S. M. A. (2016). Identification of some Iraqi fish parasites by using biochemical and molecular protocols. International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review, 4(1), 54–64. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2016.401.006
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Jawale, S., Fartade, A., & Borde, S. (2011). Biochemical studies of caryophyllidean tapeworms in freshwater fish Clarias batrachus. Science and Technology, 3(3), 35–36.
Kemp, A., & Van Heijningen, A. J. M. K. (1954). A colorimetric micro-method for the determination of glycogen in tissues. Biochemical Journal, 56(4), 646–648. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0560646
Lanka, L. P., Patil, S. R., & Mohekar, A. D. (2011). Glycogen estimation in Senga waranensis n. Sp DCSI, 5, 303–306.
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., & Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the folin-phenol reagent. Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 139, 265–278.
Merkhan, M. M., Abdullah, E., & Althanoon, Z. (2022). Effect of Esomeprazole on serum creatinine and urea in patients with Peptic Ulcer. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 160–164. https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360x.2022.00026
Mondal, M., Mukhopadhyay, D., Ghosh, D., Dey, C., & Misra, K. K. (2009). Analysis of major lipid classes and their fatty acids in a cestode parasite of domestic fowl, raillietina (Fuhrmannetta) echinobothrida. Proceedings of the Zoological Society, 62(2), 131–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12595-009-0015-3
Murray, R. K., Rranne, P. A., & Rodwell, V. W. (2011). Harper’s Biochemistry Publisher, Norwalk. 1990. Nanware SS, Bhure DB. Studies on glycogen profile of cestodes of Capra hircus. International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 1(10), 22–24.
Nanware, S. S., & Bhure, D. B. (2011). Studies on glycogen profile of cestodes of Capra hircus. International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 1(10),22-24
Nanware, S. S., Nazneen, U., Bhure, D. B., & Garad, V. B. (2012). Studies on protein content of cestode Cotugnia and its host Gallus gallus domesticus. Journal of Experimental Sciences, 3(1), 40–41.
Nanware, S. S., Bhure, D. B., & Habib, M. H. (2011). Glycogen Content in Moniezia Expansa and its Host Intestine. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 4(5), 651–652. https://doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/may2014/206
Obal, G., Ramos, A. L., Silva, V., Lima, A., Batthyany, C., Bessio, M. I., Ferreira, F., Salinas, G., & Ferreira, A. M. (2012). Characterisation of the native lipid moiety of Echinococcus granulosus antigen B. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 6(5), e1642. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001642
Pallewad, S., Nanware, S. S., & Bhure, D. B. (2015). Biochemical contents of cotylophoron cotylophorum (Fischoeder, 1901) Stiles et Goldberger, 1910 and its host intestinal tissue. Biolife, 3(1), 192–195.
Pappas, P. W., & Narcisi, E. M. (1982). A comparison of membrane-bound enzymes of the isolated brush border plasma membranes of the cestodes Hymenolepis diminuta and H. microstoma. Parasitology, 84(2), 391–396. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000044930
Radwan, M., Shehata, S., Abdelhadi, Y., Mohammed, R., Mohamed, M., & Magdy, M. (2021). Histopathological, Haematological and Biochemical Indices of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Parasitized by Endoparasitic Fauna in Fish Farm of the Northeastern Egypt. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 21(09), 465–478. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v21_9_05
Rastiannasab, A., Afsharmanesh, S., Rahimi, R., & Sharifian, I. (2016). Alternations in the liver enzymatic activity of Common carp, Cyprinus carpio in response to parasites, Dactylogyrus spp. and Gyrodactylus spp. Journal of Parasitic Diseases: Official Organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology, 40(4), 1146–1149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-014-0638-9
Saraf, S., & Katyayani, R. (2016). Biochemical Studies of Cestode Parasite in Fresh Water Fish Mastacembalus Armatus from Paithan Region. International Journal of Applied Research, 6(10).
Scherr, C., Gagliardi, A. C. M., Miname, M. H., & Santos, R. D. (2014). Fatty acid and cholesterol concentrations in usually consumed fish in Brazil. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 104(2), 152–158. https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20140176
Sonune, M. B. (2012). Biochemical studies of gastrointestinal cestode parasites in Ovis Bharal (L.) from Vidharbha region. Bioscience Discovery, 3(3), 321–322.
Starling, J. A. (1975). Tegumental carbohydrate transport in intestinal helminths: Correlation between mechanisms of membrane transport and the biochemical environment of absorptive surfaces. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 94(4), 508. https://doi.org/10.2307/3225523
Tresseler, K. M. (1988). Clinical laboratory and diagnostic tests. Prentice Hall Inc. Englewood Cliffs.
Younis, M. A., Hamid, O. A., Dhaher, R., Saber, Y., Al-Shakarchi, W., Merkhan, M. M., & Mustafa, Y. F. (2023). Characterization of the renal safety profiles of coumacines. Pharmakeftiki Journal, 4. https://doi.org/10.60988/pj.v35i4.22
Al-Egaidy, S. O. M. (2011). Study of some biochemical and histochemical changes in one species of the genus Fasciola (Fasciola gigantica) isolated from cattle livers. (MSc thesis). Mosul: College of Sciences, University of Mosul, Iraq, 1-112.
Al-Naftachi, M.M. (2006). Histological and Biochemical studies of some cestode Tapeworms from different vertebrate hosts. (Doctoral dissertation, Biology, Zoology). Mosul: College of Sciences, University of Mosul, Iraq.
Al-Niaeemi, B., & Dawood, M. (2021). Biomarkering metabolic activities of the tapeworm Khawia armeniaca (Cholodkovsky, 1915) in association to its fish host Barbus grypus (Hekle, 1843). Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 35(1), 169–176. https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2020.126518.1339
Attia, M. M., Elgendy, M. Y., Abdelsalam, M., Hassan, A., Prince, A., Salaeh, N. M., & Younis, N. A. (2021). Morpho-molecular identification of Heterophyes heterophyes encysted metacercariae and its immunological and histopathological effects on farmed Mugil cephalus in Egypt. Aquaculture International, 29(3), 1393–1407.
Balami, S., Sharma, A., & Karn, R. (2019). Significance of nutritional value of fish for human health. Malaysian Journal of Halal Research, 2(2), 32–34. https://doi.org/10.2478/mjhr-2019-0012
Bandyopadhyay, P. K., Das, N. R., & Chattopadhyay, A. (2022). Biochemical, immunological and epidemiological analysis of parasitic diseases. Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4384-2
Bhure, D. B., Nanware, S. S., & Kardile, S. P. (2011). Studies on biochemical of piscian tapeworm, Tylocephalum. Tylocephalum. Tylocephalum The Asian Journal of Animal Science, 6(2), 172–174.
Biswal, D., Nandi, A. P., & Chatterjee, S. (2014). Biochemical and molecular characterization of the Cyclophyllidean cestode, Cotugnia cuneata (Meggit, 1924), an endoparasite of domestic pigeons, Columba livia domestica. Journal of Parasitic Diseases: Official Organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology, 38(1), 106–110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-012-0203-3
Burtis, A., & Bruns, D. E. (2014). Tietz fundamentals of clinical chemistry and molecular diagnosis.
Cheng, T. C. (1986). General Parasitology, College Division Harcount Brace Jovanovich Puplisher (Vol. 522). Academic Press, Inc.
Dörücü, M. (2000). Changes in protein and lipid content of muscle, liver and ovaries in relation to Diphyllobothrium spp. (Cestoda) infection in powen (Coregonus lavaretus) from Loch Lomond, Scotland. Scotland. Scotland Turkish Journal of Zoology, 24, 211–218.
Fartade, A., & Chati, R. (2016). Biochemical studies on cestode parasites in Gallus. Solapur and Osmanabad district. International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies, 3, 109–110.
Fartade, A., Jawale, S., & Borde, S. (2011). Biochemistry of Ptychobothridean parasites in fresh water fish Mastacembelus armatus. Science and Technology, 3, 6–08.
Harvey, R., & Ferrier, D. (2011). Lippncott’s Iiiustrated reviews: Biochemistry. London: Lippincott Wiliams and Wilkins. Wolters Kluwer.
Hassan, H. F., Hashim, D. S., & Abdullah, S. M. A. (2016). Identification of some Iraqi fish parasites by using biochemical and molecular protocols. International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review, 4(1), 54–64. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2016.401.006
Jadhav, B. V., Singh, S. P., Bhure, D. B., & Padwal, N. D. (2008). Biosystematic studies of Davainea shindei n. sp. (Cestoda: Davainidae) Fuhrmann, 1907 from Gallus gallus domesticus. National Academy Science Letters, 31(7), 245–250.
Jawale, S., Fartade, A., & Borde, S. (2011). Biochemical studies of caryophyllidean tapeworms in freshwater fish Clarias batrachus. Science and Technology, 3(3), 35–36.
Kemp, A., & Van Heijningen, A. J. M. K. (1954). A colorimetric micro-method for the determination of glycogen in tissues. Biochemical Journal, 56(4), 646–648. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0560646
Lanka, L. P., Patil, S. R., & Mohekar, A. D. (2011). Glycogen estimation in Senga waranensis n. Sp DCSI, 5, 303–306.
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., & Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the folin-phenol reagent. Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 139, 265–278.
Merkhan, M. M., Abdullah, E., & Althanoon, Z. (2022). Effect of Esomeprazole on serum creatinine and urea in patients with Peptic Ulcer. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 160–164. https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360x.2022.00026
Mondal, M., Mukhopadhyay, D., Ghosh, D., Dey, C., & Misra, K. K. (2009). Analysis of major lipid classes and their fatty acids in a cestode parasite of domestic fowl, raillietina (Fuhrmannetta) echinobothrida. Proceedings of the Zoological Society, 62(2), 131–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12595-009-0015-3
Murray, R. K., Rranne, P. A., & Rodwell, V. W. (2011). Harper’s Biochemistry Publisher, Norwalk. 1990. Nanware SS, Bhure DB. Studies on glycogen profile of cestodes of Capra hircus. International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 1(10), 22–24.
Nanware, S. S., & Bhure, D. B. (2011). Studies on glycogen profile of cestodes of Capra hircus. International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 1(10),22-24
Nanware, S. S., Nazneen, U., Bhure, D. B., & Garad, V. B. (2012). Studies on protein content of cestode Cotugnia and its host Gallus gallus domesticus. Journal of Experimental Sciences, 3(1), 40–41.
Nanware, S. S., Bhure, D. B., & Habib, M. H. (2011). Glycogen Content in Moniezia Expansa and its Host Intestine. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 4(5), 651–652. https://doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/may2014/206
Obal, G., Ramos, A. L., Silva, V., Lima, A., Batthyany, C., Bessio, M. I., Ferreira, F., Salinas, G., & Ferreira, A. M. (2012). Characterisation of the native lipid moiety of Echinococcus granulosus antigen B. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 6(5), e1642. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001642
Pallewad, S., Nanware, S. S., & Bhure, D. B. (2015). Biochemical contents of cotylophoron cotylophorum (Fischoeder, 1901) Stiles et Goldberger, 1910 and its host intestinal tissue. Biolife, 3(1), 192–195.
Pappas, P. W., & Narcisi, E. M. (1982). A comparison of membrane-bound enzymes of the isolated brush border plasma membranes of the cestodes Hymenolepis diminuta and H. microstoma. Parasitology, 84(2), 391–396. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000044930
Radwan, M., Shehata, S., Abdelhadi, Y., Mohammed, R., Mohamed, M., & Magdy, M. (2021). Histopathological, Haematological and Biochemical Indices of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Parasitized by Endoparasitic Fauna in Fish Farm of the Northeastern Egypt. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 21(09), 465–478. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v21_9_05
Rastiannasab, A., Afsharmanesh, S., Rahimi, R., & Sharifian, I. (2016). Alternations in the liver enzymatic activity of Common carp, Cyprinus carpio in response to parasites, Dactylogyrus spp. and Gyrodactylus spp. Journal of Parasitic Diseases: Official Organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology, 40(4), 1146–1149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-014-0638-9
Saraf, S., & Katyayani, R. (2016). Biochemical Studies of Cestode Parasite in Fresh Water Fish Mastacembalus Armatus from Paithan Region. International Journal of Applied Research, 6(10).
Scherr, C., Gagliardi, A. C. M., Miname, M. H., & Santos, R. D. (2014). Fatty acid and cholesterol concentrations in usually consumed fish in Brazil. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 104(2), 152–158. https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20140176
Sonune, M. B. (2012). Biochemical studies of gastrointestinal cestode parasites in Ovis Bharal (L.) from Vidharbha region. Bioscience Discovery, 3(3), 321–322.
Starling, J. A. (1975). Tegumental carbohydrate transport in intestinal helminths: Correlation between mechanisms of membrane transport and the biochemical environment of absorptive surfaces. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 94(4), 508. https://doi.org/10.2307/3225523
Tresseler, K. M. (1988). Clinical laboratory and diagnostic tests. Prentice Hall Inc. Englewood Cliffs.
Younis, M. A., Hamid, O. A., Dhaher, R., Saber, Y., Al-Shakarchi, W., Merkhan, M. M., & Mustafa, Y. F. (2023). Characterization of the renal safety profiles of coumacines. Pharmakeftiki Journal, 4. https://doi.org/10.60988/pj.v35i4.22
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On some biochemical contents of tapeworm Proteocephalus osculatus and its definitive host, Silurus triostegus. (2025). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 17(1), 363-368. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v17i1.5343
