Effect of anthropogenic disturbances on biomass and carbon storage potential of a dry tropical forest in India
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Abstract
The forests of Chhattisgarh are very well known for its species richness, diversity, biomass, carbon stock and productivity. The present study was carried out at Katghora forest division under Bilaspur circle of Korba district, Chhattisgarh considering three sites viz., least, moderately and highly disturbed site to estimate biomass and carbon storage in relation to anthropogenic disturbances. For collection of data quadrats were selected under stratified random sampling design. For enumeration of tree and saplings ten quadrats of 10 m × 10 m were laid and each species counted separately. The tree density varies from 100-510 stems ha-1 across study sites. Total biomass in the present study was between 127.69 t ha-1 and 227.71 t ha-1. Total above ground biomass was between 111.20 t ha-1 and 199.42 t ha-1, whereas total below ground biomass varied from 16.49-28.29 t ha-1, respectively. The total carbon storage across the sites were ranged from 55.125 to 98.548 t C ha-1 found higher under least disturbed site and lowest under medium disturbed site. Carbon storage pattern according to girth class followed the similar trend of distribution as was in the case of biomass. It has least proportion in small girth class and maximum storage under the higher girth class. It is evident from the study that disturbances have significant impact on density, vegetation diversity, biomass accumulation and carbon storage pattern. Conservation affords are required to control on disturbances and for the natural recovery of forest ecosystem.
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Keywords
Biomass, Carbon storage, Diversity, Species richness, Tropical forests
References
Alves, L.F., Vieira, S.A., Scaranello, M.A., Camargo, P.B., Santos, F.A.M., Joly, C.A. and Martinelli, L.A. (2010). Forest structure and live aboveground biomass variation along an elevational gradient of tropical Atlantic moist forest (Brazil). Forest Ecology and Management, 260: 679-691.
Anderson, F. (1970). Ecological studies in a Scandinavian wood land and meadow area. Southern Sweden II. Plant biomass, primary production and turnover of organic matters. Botaniska Notiser, 123: 8-15.
Atkin, B., Gong, T., Harmon, J. and Theodore, M.G. (2012). Carbon Sequestration method. United States Patent, 8,092,118. Assignee: Earth Renaissance Technologies, LLC (Salt Lake City, UT). Current U.S. Class: 405/129. 1; 47/58. ISC. Application No. 12/462,260.
Baisya, R., Barik, S.K. and Upadhayay, K. (2009). Distribution pattern of above ground biomass in natural and plantation forests of humid tropics in NE-India. Tropical Ecology, 50(2): 295-304.
Borah, N., Nath, A.J. and Das, A.K. (2013). Aboveground biomass and carbon stocks of tree species in tropical forests of Cachar districts, Assam, Northeast India. International Journal of Ecology and Environment Sciences, 39(2): 97-106.
Brown, I.F., Martinelli, L.A., Thomas, W.W., Moreira, M.Z., Ferreira, C.A.C. and Victoria, R.A. (1995). Uncertainty in the biomass of Amazonian forests: an example from RondoAnia, Brazil. Forest Ecology and Management, 75: 175-189.
Brown, S. and Lugo, A.E. (1982). The storage and production of organic matter in tropical forests and their role in the global carbon cycle. Biotropica, 14: 161-187.
Brown, S., Gillespie, A.J.R. and Lugo, A.E. (1989). Biomass estimation methods for tropical forests with application to forest inventory data. Forest Science, 35: 881-902.
Brown, S. L., Schroeder, P. and Kern, J. S. (1999). Spatial distribution of biomass in forests of the eastern USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 123: 81-90.
Cairns, M. A., Haggerty, P. K., Alvarez, R., De Jong, B. H. J. and Olmsted, I. (2000). Tropical Mexico’s recent land use and change: a region´s contribution to the global carbon cycle. Ecological Applications, 10: 1426-1441.
Cairns, M. A., Olmsted, I., Granados, J. and Argaez, J. (2003). Composition and aboveground tree biomass of a dry semi-evergreen forest on Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula. Forest Ecology and Management, 186: 125-132.
Canadell, J. G., LeQuere, C., Raupanch, M. R., Field, C. B., Buitenhuis, E. T., Ciais, P., Conway, T. J., Gillett, N. P., Houghton, R. A. and Marland, G. (2007). Contribution to accerealating atmospheric CO2 growth from economic activity, carbon intensity and efficiency of natural sink. Proceeding of the National Academy of Science (USA), 104: 18866-18870.
Chaturvedi, R. K., Raghubanshi, A. S. and Singh, J. S. (2011). Carbon density and accumulation in woody species of tropical dry forest in India. Forest Ecology and Management, 262: 1576-1588.
Delaney, M., Brown, S., Lugo, A. E., Torres-Lezama, A. and Quintero, N. B. (1997). The distribution of organic carbon in major components of forests located in life zones of Venezuela. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 13: 697-708.
FSI (2011). India State of Forest Report. Forest Survey of India (MoEF, GOI), Dehradun.
Gairola, S., Sharma, C. M., Ghildiyal, S. K. and Suyal, S. (2011). Live tree biomass and carbon variation along an altitudinal gradient in moist temperate valley slopes of the Garhwal Himalaya (India). Current Science, 100 (10): 1-9.
Golley, F. B., Mcginnis, J. T., Clements, R. G., Child, G. I. and Duever, M. J. (1975). Mineral Cycling in a tropical moist forest ecosystem. University of Georgia Press, Athens, GA.
Hall, C. A. S. and Uhling, J. (1991). Refining estimates of carbon released from Tropical land use change. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 21: 118-131.
Hoover, C. M., Leak, W. B. and Keel, B. G. (2012). Benchmark carbon stocks from old growth forests in Northern New England, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 266: 108-114.
Jhariya, M. K. (2014). Effect of forest fire on microbial biomass, storage and sequestration of carbon in a tropical deciduous forest of Chhattisgarh. Ph.D. Thesis, I.G.K.V., Raipur (C.G.), pp. 259.
Jhariya, M. K., Bargali, S. S., Swamy, S. L., Kittur, B., Bargali, K. and Pawar, G. V. (2014). Impact of forest fire on biomass and carbon storage pattern of tropical deciduous forests in Bhoramdeo wildlife sanctuary, Chhattisgarh. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 40(1): 57-74.
Jhariya, M. K., Bargali, S. S., Swamy, S. L. and Kittur, B. (2012). Vegetational structure, diversity and fuel load in fire affected areas of tropical dry deciduous forests in Chhattisgarh. Vegetos, 25(1): 210-224.
Jhariya, M. K. (2010). Analysis of vegetational structure, diversity and fuel load in fire affected areas of tropical dry deciduous forests in Chhattisgarh. M.Sc. Thesis, I.G.K.V., Raipur (C.G.), pp. 86.
Keller, M., Palace, M. and Hurtt, M. (2001). Biomass estimation in the Tapajos national forest, Brazil examination of sampling and allometric uncertainties. Forest Ecology and Management, 154: 371-382.
Ketterings, Q. M., Coe, R., Van Noordwijk, M., Ambagau, Y. and Palm, C. A. (2001). Reducing uncertainty in the use of allometric biomass equations for predicting above ground tree biomass in mixed secondary forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 146: 199-209.
Kiran, S. G. and Shah, K. (2011). Carbon sequestration by urban trees on roadsides of Vadodara city. International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 3(4): 3066-3070.
Kittur, B. H., Swamy, S. L., Bargali, S. S. and Jhariya, M. K. (2014). Wildland Fires and Moist Deciduous Forests of Chhattisgarh, India: Divergent Component Assessment. Journal of Forestry Research, (DOI) 10.1007/s11676-014-0471-0.
Metzker, T., Sposito, T. C., Martins, M. T. F., Horta, M. B. and Garcig, Q. S. (2011). Forest dynamics and carbon stocks in Rio Doce state park an Atlantic rainforest hotspot. Current Science, 100(12): 1855-1862.
Mohanraj, R., Saravanan, J. and Dhanakumar, S. (2011). Carbon stock in Kolli forests, Eastern Ghat (India) with emphasis on aboveground biomass, litter, woody debris and soil. Forest Biogeosciences and Forestry, 4: 61-65.
Murphy, P. G. and Lugo, A. E. (1986). Ecology of tropical dry forest. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 17: 67-88.
Ogawa, H., Yoda, K., Ogino, K. and Kira, T. (1965). Comparative ecological studies on three main types of forest vegetation in Thailand. II. Plant biomass. Nature Life S.E. Asia, 4: 49-80.
Ovington, J. D. (1962). Quantitative ecology and woodland ecosystem concept. Advance Ecological Research, 1: 103-183.
Pande, P. K. and Patra, A. K. (2010). Biomass and productivity in Sal and miscellaneous forests of Satpura plateau (Madhya Pradesh) India. Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 1: 30-38.
Pawar, G. V., Singh, L., Jhariya, M. K. and Sahu, K. P. (2012). Regeneration status in relation to anthropogenic disturbance in tropical deciduous forest of Chhattisgarh. The Ecoscan, (Special Issue) 1: 281-285.
Sahu, K. P., Singh, L., Alone, R. A., Jhariya, M. K. and Pawar, G. V. (2013). Biomass and carbon storage pattern in an age series of teak plantation in dry tropics. Vegetos, 26(1): 205-217.
Sierra, C. A., Del Valle, J. I., Orrego, S. A., Moreno, F. H., Harmon, M. E., Zapata, M., Calorado, G. J., Herrera, M. A., Lata, W., Restrepo, D. E., Berrouet, L. M., Loaiza, L. M. and Benjumea, J. F. (2007). Total carbon stocks in a tropical forest landscape of Porce region, Colombia. Forest Ecology and Management, 243: 299-309.
Singh, K. P. and Misra, R. (1979). Structure and Functioning of Natural Modified and Silvicultural Ecosystems in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, 160 pp. Final Technical Report (1975-1978), MAB, Research Project, Banaras Hindu University.
Singh, L. and Singh, J. S. (1991). Species structure, dry matter dynamics and carbon flux of a dry tropical forest in India. Annals of Botany, 68: 263-273.
Singh, L., Yadav, D. K., Pagare, P., Lekha, G. and Thakur, B. S. (2009). Impact of land use changes on species structure, biomass and carbon storage in tropical deciduous forest and converted forest. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 35 (1): 113-119.
Tang, J. W., Yin, J. X., Qi, J. F., Jepsen, M. R. and Lu, X. T. (2012). Ecosystem carbon storage of tropical forests over limestone in Xishuangbanna, SW China. Journal of Tropical Forest Sciences, 24(3): 399-407.
Terakunpisut, J., Gajaseni, N. and Ruankawe, N. (2007). Carbon sequestration potential in aboveground biomass of Thong pha phun national forest, Thailand. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 5: 93-102.
Thokchom, A. and Yadava, P. S. (2013). Biomass and carbon stock assessment in the sub-tropical forests of Manipur, North-East India. International Journal of Ecology and Environment Science, 39(2): 107-113.
Upadhyay, R., Singh, J. and Singh, B. (2009). Effect of disturbance on standing biomass in a sal mixed forest of eastern U.P. Indian Journal of Forestry, 32(2): 251-256.
Usuga, J. C. L., Toro, J. A. R., Alzate, M. V. R. and Tapias, A. J. L. (2010). Estimation of biomass and carbon stocks in plants, soil and forest floor in different tropical forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 260: 1906-1913.
Yadava, P. S. (2010). Soil and vegetation carbon pool and sequestration in the forest ecosystem of Manipur, NE India. Pages 163-170, In: Qasim, S.Z. and Goel, M. (Editors) CO2 Sequestration Technology for Clean Energy. Daya Publication House, New Delhi.
Anderson, F. (1970). Ecological studies in a Scandinavian wood land and meadow area. Southern Sweden II. Plant biomass, primary production and turnover of organic matters. Botaniska Notiser, 123: 8-15.
Atkin, B., Gong, T., Harmon, J. and Theodore, M.G. (2012). Carbon Sequestration method. United States Patent, 8,092,118. Assignee: Earth Renaissance Technologies, LLC (Salt Lake City, UT). Current U.S. Class: 405/129. 1; 47/58. ISC. Application No. 12/462,260.
Baisya, R., Barik, S.K. and Upadhayay, K. (2009). Distribution pattern of above ground biomass in natural and plantation forests of humid tropics in NE-India. Tropical Ecology, 50(2): 295-304.
Borah, N., Nath, A.J. and Das, A.K. (2013). Aboveground biomass and carbon stocks of tree species in tropical forests of Cachar districts, Assam, Northeast India. International Journal of Ecology and Environment Sciences, 39(2): 97-106.
Brown, I.F., Martinelli, L.A., Thomas, W.W., Moreira, M.Z., Ferreira, C.A.C. and Victoria, R.A. (1995). Uncertainty in the biomass of Amazonian forests: an example from RondoAnia, Brazil. Forest Ecology and Management, 75: 175-189.
Brown, S. and Lugo, A.E. (1982). The storage and production of organic matter in tropical forests and their role in the global carbon cycle. Biotropica, 14: 161-187.
Brown, S., Gillespie, A.J.R. and Lugo, A.E. (1989). Biomass estimation methods for tropical forests with application to forest inventory data. Forest Science, 35: 881-902.
Brown, S. L., Schroeder, P. and Kern, J. S. (1999). Spatial distribution of biomass in forests of the eastern USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 123: 81-90.
Cairns, M. A., Haggerty, P. K., Alvarez, R., De Jong, B. H. J. and Olmsted, I. (2000). Tropical Mexico’s recent land use and change: a region´s contribution to the global carbon cycle. Ecological Applications, 10: 1426-1441.
Cairns, M. A., Olmsted, I., Granados, J. and Argaez, J. (2003). Composition and aboveground tree biomass of a dry semi-evergreen forest on Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula. Forest Ecology and Management, 186: 125-132.
Canadell, J. G., LeQuere, C., Raupanch, M. R., Field, C. B., Buitenhuis, E. T., Ciais, P., Conway, T. J., Gillett, N. P., Houghton, R. A. and Marland, G. (2007). Contribution to accerealating atmospheric CO2 growth from economic activity, carbon intensity and efficiency of natural sink. Proceeding of the National Academy of Science (USA), 104: 18866-18870.
Chaturvedi, R. K., Raghubanshi, A. S. and Singh, J. S. (2011). Carbon density and accumulation in woody species of tropical dry forest in India. Forest Ecology and Management, 262: 1576-1588.
Delaney, M., Brown, S., Lugo, A. E., Torres-Lezama, A. and Quintero, N. B. (1997). The distribution of organic carbon in major components of forests located in life zones of Venezuela. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 13: 697-708.
FSI (2011). India State of Forest Report. Forest Survey of India (MoEF, GOI), Dehradun.
Gairola, S., Sharma, C. M., Ghildiyal, S. K. and Suyal, S. (2011). Live tree biomass and carbon variation along an altitudinal gradient in moist temperate valley slopes of the Garhwal Himalaya (India). Current Science, 100 (10): 1-9.
Golley, F. B., Mcginnis, J. T., Clements, R. G., Child, G. I. and Duever, M. J. (1975). Mineral Cycling in a tropical moist forest ecosystem. University of Georgia Press, Athens, GA.
Hall, C. A. S. and Uhling, J. (1991). Refining estimates of carbon released from Tropical land use change. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 21: 118-131.
Hoover, C. M., Leak, W. B. and Keel, B. G. (2012). Benchmark carbon stocks from old growth forests in Northern New England, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 266: 108-114.
Jhariya, M. K. (2014). Effect of forest fire on microbial biomass, storage and sequestration of carbon in a tropical deciduous forest of Chhattisgarh. Ph.D. Thesis, I.G.K.V., Raipur (C.G.), pp. 259.
Jhariya, M. K., Bargali, S. S., Swamy, S. L., Kittur, B., Bargali, K. and Pawar, G. V. (2014). Impact of forest fire on biomass and carbon storage pattern of tropical deciduous forests in Bhoramdeo wildlife sanctuary, Chhattisgarh. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 40(1): 57-74.
Jhariya, M. K., Bargali, S. S., Swamy, S. L. and Kittur, B. (2012). Vegetational structure, diversity and fuel load in fire affected areas of tropical dry deciduous forests in Chhattisgarh. Vegetos, 25(1): 210-224.
Jhariya, M. K. (2010). Analysis of vegetational structure, diversity and fuel load in fire affected areas of tropical dry deciduous forests in Chhattisgarh. M.Sc. Thesis, I.G.K.V., Raipur (C.G.), pp. 86.
Keller, M., Palace, M. and Hurtt, M. (2001). Biomass estimation in the Tapajos national forest, Brazil examination of sampling and allometric uncertainties. Forest Ecology and Management, 154: 371-382.
Ketterings, Q. M., Coe, R., Van Noordwijk, M., Ambagau, Y. and Palm, C. A. (2001). Reducing uncertainty in the use of allometric biomass equations for predicting above ground tree biomass in mixed secondary forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 146: 199-209.
Kiran, S. G. and Shah, K. (2011). Carbon sequestration by urban trees on roadsides of Vadodara city. International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 3(4): 3066-3070.
Kittur, B. H., Swamy, S. L., Bargali, S. S. and Jhariya, M. K. (2014). Wildland Fires and Moist Deciduous Forests of Chhattisgarh, India: Divergent Component Assessment. Journal of Forestry Research, (DOI) 10.1007/s11676-014-0471-0.
Metzker, T., Sposito, T. C., Martins, M. T. F., Horta, M. B. and Garcig, Q. S. (2011). Forest dynamics and carbon stocks in Rio Doce state park an Atlantic rainforest hotspot. Current Science, 100(12): 1855-1862.
Mohanraj, R., Saravanan, J. and Dhanakumar, S. (2011). Carbon stock in Kolli forests, Eastern Ghat (India) with emphasis on aboveground biomass, litter, woody debris and soil. Forest Biogeosciences and Forestry, 4: 61-65.
Murphy, P. G. and Lugo, A. E. (1986). Ecology of tropical dry forest. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 17: 67-88.
Ogawa, H., Yoda, K., Ogino, K. and Kira, T. (1965). Comparative ecological studies on three main types of forest vegetation in Thailand. II. Plant biomass. Nature Life S.E. Asia, 4: 49-80.
Ovington, J. D. (1962). Quantitative ecology and woodland ecosystem concept. Advance Ecological Research, 1: 103-183.
Pande, P. K. and Patra, A. K. (2010). Biomass and productivity in Sal and miscellaneous forests of Satpura plateau (Madhya Pradesh) India. Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 1: 30-38.
Pawar, G. V., Singh, L., Jhariya, M. K. and Sahu, K. P. (2012). Regeneration status in relation to anthropogenic disturbance in tropical deciduous forest of Chhattisgarh. The Ecoscan, (Special Issue) 1: 281-285.
Sahu, K. P., Singh, L., Alone, R. A., Jhariya, M. K. and Pawar, G. V. (2013). Biomass and carbon storage pattern in an age series of teak plantation in dry tropics. Vegetos, 26(1): 205-217.
Sierra, C. A., Del Valle, J. I., Orrego, S. A., Moreno, F. H., Harmon, M. E., Zapata, M., Calorado, G. J., Herrera, M. A., Lata, W., Restrepo, D. E., Berrouet, L. M., Loaiza, L. M. and Benjumea, J. F. (2007). Total carbon stocks in a tropical forest landscape of Porce region, Colombia. Forest Ecology and Management, 243: 299-309.
Singh, K. P. and Misra, R. (1979). Structure and Functioning of Natural Modified and Silvicultural Ecosystems in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, 160 pp. Final Technical Report (1975-1978), MAB, Research Project, Banaras Hindu University.
Singh, L. and Singh, J. S. (1991). Species structure, dry matter dynamics and carbon flux of a dry tropical forest in India. Annals of Botany, 68: 263-273.
Singh, L., Yadav, D. K., Pagare, P., Lekha, G. and Thakur, B. S. (2009). Impact of land use changes on species structure, biomass and carbon storage in tropical deciduous forest and converted forest. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 35 (1): 113-119.
Tang, J. W., Yin, J. X., Qi, J. F., Jepsen, M. R. and Lu, X. T. (2012). Ecosystem carbon storage of tropical forests over limestone in Xishuangbanna, SW China. Journal of Tropical Forest Sciences, 24(3): 399-407.
Terakunpisut, J., Gajaseni, N. and Ruankawe, N. (2007). Carbon sequestration potential in aboveground biomass of Thong pha phun national forest, Thailand. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 5: 93-102.
Thokchom, A. and Yadava, P. S. (2013). Biomass and carbon stock assessment in the sub-tropical forests of Manipur, North-East India. International Journal of Ecology and Environment Science, 39(2): 107-113.
Upadhyay, R., Singh, J. and Singh, B. (2009). Effect of disturbance on standing biomass in a sal mixed forest of eastern U.P. Indian Journal of Forestry, 32(2): 251-256.
Usuga, J. C. L., Toro, J. A. R., Alzate, M. V. R. and Tapias, A. J. L. (2010). Estimation of biomass and carbon stocks in plants, soil and forest floor in different tropical forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 260: 1906-1913.
Yadava, P. S. (2010). Soil and vegetation carbon pool and sequestration in the forest ecosystem of Manipur, NE India. Pages 163-170, In: Qasim, S.Z. and Goel, M. (Editors) CO2 Sequestration Technology for Clean Energy. Daya Publication House, New Delhi.
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Effect of anthropogenic disturbances on biomass and carbon storage potential of a dry tropical forest in India. (2014). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 6(2), 383-392. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v6i2.432
