Effect of foliar application of GA3, ethrel and copper sulphate on flowering behaviour and sex ratio of Jatropha curcas L.
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Abstract
Effect of various plant growth substances viz., GA3 (25, 50,100 ppm), ethrel (1500, 2000, 2500 ppm), copper sulphate (0.1, 0.2, 0.5%) as foliar spray treatment applied during January to October was studied at 15 days intervals. The flowering behaviour and sex-expression of Jatropha curcas was investigated during in randomized block design (RBD) at the College Farm, Navsari. Looking to the results, it was noticed that GA3 50 ppm resulted in increased number of inflorescence per plant (31.25), number of flower per inflorescence (76.87), number of (male 94.75/female 4.01) flowers, flower sex ratio (24.22) in J. curcas. The Male: Female flower ratio was the lowest at 14th spray stage under majority of treatments indicating increased number of female flowers which is ultimately reflected by increased fruit and seed yield of J. curcas.
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Keywords
Flowering and male/female ratio, J. curcas, Plant growth regulators
References
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Divakara, B.N., Upadhyaya, H.D., Wani, S.P. and Gowda, C.L.L. (2010). Biology and genetic improvement of Jatropha curcas L.: a review. Applied Energy, 87:732-742.
Ghosh, L. and Singh, L. (2008). Phenological changes in Jatropha curcas in subhumid dry tropical environment. Journal of Basic and Applied Biology, 2(1):1-8.
Hilli, J.S., Vyakaranahal, B.S. and Biradar, D.P. (2008). Influence of growth regulators and stages of spray on seed quality of ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula L. Roxb). Karnataka Journ Agri Scienc,21: 198-201.
Hirayama and Alonso (2000). Ethylene capture a metal. Metal Ions are involved in ethylene perception and signal transduction. (Reviw). Plant Cell Physiology, 41:548-555.
Irish, V. (2009). The flowering of Arabidopsis flower development. Plant J., 61:1014–1028.
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Liu, H. Deng and Y. Liao, J. (2008). Floral organogenesis of three species of Jatropha (Euphorbiaceae). J Syst Evol., 46:53–61.
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Makwana, V. and Robin, P. (2013). Interaction between GA and Ethrel in Inducing Female Flowers in Jatropha Curcas. International Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Research, 4(5): 465-472.
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Zeevaart, J.A.D. and Talon, M. (1991). Gibberellin mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana. In C.M. Karssen et al., eds, Plant Growth Regulation, Kluwer, Amsterdam.pp.34-41.
Chang-wei, L., Kun. L., You, C. and Yong-yu. S. (2007). Floral display and breeding system of Jatropha curcas L. For. Stud. China., 9(2):114-119.
Chaudhary, B.R., Sharma, M.D., Shakya, S.M. and Gautam, D.M. (2006). Effect of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of chilli (Capsicum annum L.) at Rampur Chitwan. J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci., 27:65-68.
Dehgan, B. and Webster, G.L. (1979). Morphology and infrageneric relationships of the genus Jatropha (Euphorbiaceae). Califonia Publicaton Boatny,74:1–73.
Divakara, B.N., Upadhyaya, H.D., Wani, S.P. and Gowda, C.L.L. (2010). Biology and genetic improvement of Jatropha curcas L.: a review. Applied Energy, 87:732-742.
Ghosh, L. and Singh, L. (2008). Phenological changes in Jatropha curcas in subhumid dry tropical environment. Journal of Basic and Applied Biology, 2(1):1-8.
Hilli, J.S., Vyakaranahal, B.S. and Biradar, D.P. (2008). Influence of growth regulators and stages of spray on seed quality of ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula L. Roxb). Karnataka Journ Agri Scienc,21: 198-201.
Hirayama and Alonso (2000). Ethylene capture a metal. Metal Ions are involved in ethylene perception and signal transduction. (Reviw). Plant Cell Physiology, 41:548-555.
Irish, V. (2009). The flowering of Arabidopsis flower development. Plant J., 61:1014–1028.
Jongschaap, R., Corre, W., Bindraban, P. and Brandenburg, W. (2007). Claims and facts on Jatropha curcas L. Global Jatropha curcas evaluation, breeding and propagation programme. Report 158. Plant Research International BV, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Joshi, G., Shukla, A. and Shukla, A. (2011). Synergistic response of auxin and ethylene on physiology of Jatropha curcas L. Brailian. J. Plant Physiology, 23(1):67-77.
Kiba, T. and Sakakibara, H. (2010). Role of cytokinin in the regulation of plant development. In: Pua EC, Davey MR (Eds) Plant developmental biologybiotechnological perspectives. Springer, New York, pp. 237–254.
Krizek, B. and Fletcher, J. (2005). Molecular mechanisms of flower development: an armchair guide. Nat Rev Genet., 6:688–698.
Kumar, A. and Sharma, S. (2008). An evaluation of multipurpose oil seed crop for industrial uses (Jatropha curcas L.): a review. Indian Crop Prod.,28: 1–10.
Liu, H. Deng and Y. Liao, J. (2008). Floral organogenesis of three species of Jatropha (Euphorbiaceae). J Syst Evol., 46:53–61.
Love, J., Bjorklund, S. and Vahalab, J. (2009). Ethylene is an endogenous stimulator of cell division in the cambial meristem of Populus. Proc Natl Acad Sci.,106:5984–5989.
Makkar, H.R.S. and Becker, K. (2009). Jatropha curcas, a promising crop for the generation of biodiesel and value-added coproducts. Europian J Lipid Sci Technology, 111:773–787.
Makwana, V. Shukla, P. and Robin, P. (2010). Comparing potential of GA and 2, 4-D in increasing fruit yield from Jatropha curcas. Journal of Biofuels,1:157-162.
Makwana, V. and Robin, P. (2013). Interaction between GA and Ethrel in Inducing Female Flowers in Jatropha Curcas. International Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Research, 4(5): 465-472.
Panse, V.G. and sukhatme, P. V. (1967). Statistical methods for agricultural workers. ICAR pub., New Delhi, 396.
Raju, A.J.S. and Ezradanam, V. (2002). Pollination ecology and fruiting behaviour in a monoecious species, Jatropha curcas Lin. (Euphorbiaceae). Current Science, 83:1395–1398.
Sanderson, K. (2009). Wonder weed plans fail to flourish. Nature,461:328–329.
Santner, A., Calderon-Villalobos, L.I.A. and Estelle, M. (2009). Plant hormones are versatile chemical regulators of plant growth. Nat.Chem.Biol.,5:301–307.
Sunil, N., Varaprasad, K.S., Sivaraj, N., Kumar, T.S., Abraham, B. and Prasad, R.B.N. (2008). Assessing Jatropha curcas L. germplasm in-situ—a case study. Biomass Bioenerg, 32:198–202.
Tewari, J.P., Dwivedi, H.D., Pathak, M. and Srivastava, S.K. (2007). Incidence of a mosaic disease in Jatropha curcas Lin. from eastern Uttar Pradesh. Curr. Sci., 93:1048–1049.
Trusov, Y. and Botella, J.R. (2006). Delayed flowering in pineapples (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) caused by co-suppression of the ACACS2 gene. In: P.H. Joubert, Acta Horticulturae: Proceedings of the Fifth International Pineapple Symposium. The 5th International Pineapple Symposium, Port Alfred, South Africa, 29-36.
Wijaya, A., Tidiana, S., Harun, M.U., and Hawalid, H. (2009). Flower characteristics and the yield of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) accessions. Hayati Journal of Biosciences,16(4):123-126.
Zeevaart, J.A.D. and Talon, M. (1991). Gibberellin mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana. In C.M. Karssen et al., eds, Plant Growth Regulation, Kluwer, Amsterdam.pp.34-41.
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Effect of foliar application of GA3, ethrel and copper sulphate on flowering behaviour and sex ratio of Jatropha curcas L. (2014). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 6(1), 286-289. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v6i1.416
