Management of Fusarium wilt of tomato (Pusa Ruby) by plant extracts and fungicides
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Fusarium wilt disease of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici is one of the most important and widespread disease of the cultivated tomato.The yield loss in tomato in temperate region of India due to this disease is 10 to 90 percent. Investigation was undertaken to screen out the fungicides viz., Azoxystrobin(T1), Propineb(T2), Thiophanate Methyl (T3), Difenoconazole(T4), Mancozeb(T5), Mancozeb + Thiophanate Methyl(T6), Boscolid+Pyraclostrobin(T7) and control (T8) and plant extracts viz, onion bulb(T9), ,ginger rhizome(T10), garlic clove(T11), neem leaf (T12), ashwagandha leaf(T13), sarpgandha leaf(T14), ashok leaf(T15) and control (T16) , against wilt of tomato under in vivo and in vivo conditions. Ginger rhizome extract (T10) was found very promising as it produced 82.2 % growth inhibition of F. oxysporumf.sp. lycopersiciat @t 15 % concentration followed by garlic clove(T11) (76.1%). Two soil drenching withgarlic clove(T11), @ 15 percent showed minimum disease incidence of (16.6%) with maximum yield (435.3 q/ha) followed by ginger rhizome(T10) extract (18.4% and 428.2 q/ha). Mancozeb + Thiophanate Methyl(T6), Difenoconazole(T4) and Thiophanate Methyl(T6) completely inhibited the radial growth and sporulation of Fusarium oxysporumf.sp. lycopersici after 144 hrs of incubation. Two soil drenching of Mancozeb +Thiophanate Methyl(T6), @ 15 per cent was also found the best for managing the disease as minimum disease incidence (5.3%) and highest yield (470.9 q/ha) was recorded.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Fungicide, Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.lycoperisci, Plant extract, Tomato, Wilt
Borrero, C.J., Ordovás, M. I., Trillas, M. & Avilés (2006). Tomato Fusarium wilt suppressiveness. The relationship between the organic plant growth media and their microbial communities as characterised by Biolog®. Soil Bio. and Biochem., 38, 1631-1637.
Fareed, G. M. Atiq, M. Abbas, M. Usman & Abbas,G. (2015). In vitro and in vivo management of Fusarium wilt of cucumber through various chemicals. Adv. in Zool. and Bo., 3, 169-174.
Farheen, S., Ahmed, E. & Afza, N. (2005). Haloxylines A and B antifungal and cholinesterase inhibiting piperidine alkaloids from Haloxylonsalicornicum. Chem Pharm Bull, 53, 570-572.
Feng, W. & Zheng, X. (2007). Essential oils to control Alternaria alternate in vitro and in vivo. Food Control, 18, 1126-1130.
Gupta, R.K. & Bansal, R.K. (2003). Comparative efficacy of plant leaf extracts and fungicides against F. oxysporum Schlecht inducing fenugreek wilt under pot house condition. Ann. Applied Bio., 19, 35-37.
Awad.H. M. (2016). Evaluation of Plant Extracts and Essential Oils for the Control of Sudden Wilt Disease of Watermelon Plants. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci.5(5): 949-962. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.505.100
Hadian, S. (2012). Antifungal activity of some plant extracts against some plant pathogenic fungi in Iran. Asian J. of Experi. Bio. Sci., 3(4), 714-718.
Himabindu,P. & Kumar,V. 2021. Methods for Management of Fusarium Wilt in Tomato. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 10(01): 363-371. doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1001.045
Khatun, M. J., Khalequzzaman, K. M., Naher,M. S. & Neela, F.A., (2020 ). Management of Fusarium wilt of tomato by botanicals and biocontrol agents and their effect on yield. Bangl. J. Bot. 49(1): 71-74,
Kumar, N.K., Kumar, V.B.S., Manjunatha, S.E. & Mallikarjuna, N. (2017). Effect of botanicals on Ralstonia solanacearum and bacterial wilt incidence in tomato. IJCS, 5(6), 737-740.
Masood,A,, Saeed, S,, Iqbal, N., Malik, M.T. & Kazmi, M.R. (2010). Methodology for the evaluation of symptoms severity of mango sudden death syndrome. Pakis. J. Bot, 42(2), 1289-1291.
Morton, D.T. & Straube, N.H. (1955). Antagonistic and stimulatory effects of microorganisms Sclerotiumrolfsii. Phytopath., 45, 419-420.
Nirmaladevi, D., Venkataramana, M., Srivastava, R. K., Uppalapati, S. R., Gupta, V. K., Yli-Mattila, T. (2016). Molecular phylogeny, pathogenicity and toxigenicity of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. Sci. Rep. 6:21367. 10.1038/srep21367 .
Ohunakin, A.O. & Bolanle, O.O. (2017). In vitro Antifungal Activities of three Aromatic Plant Extracts Against Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) Causal Organism of Fusarium Wilt in Tomato. J Plant Sci Agric Res., 1, 1.
Omidbeygi, M., Barzegar, M., Hamidi, Z. (2007). Antifungal activity of thyme summer savory and clove of essential oils against Aspergillus flavus in liquid medium and tomato paste. Food Control, 18, 1518-1523.
Oyedeji,O,,Oziegbe, M and Taiwo, F,O. (2011). Antibacterial, antifungal and phytochemical analysis of crude extracts from the leaves of Ludwigiaabyssinica A. Rich And Ludwigiadecurrens Walter. J Med Plants Res. 5, 1192-1199.
Poddar, R. K.., Singh, D.V. & Dubey ,S.C. (2004). Management of chickpea wilts through combination of fungicides and bioagents. Indian Phytopathol., 57, 39-43.
Poussio, G., Abaro, M., Hajano, J., Khaskheli, M. & Rajput, K & Memon, S. (2018). Potential of plant extracts and fungicides for managing Fusarium oxysporum f. splycopersici. Pakis. J. of Phytopath., 30, 75-81. 10.33866/phytopathol.030.01.0450.
Sahu, R., Kumar, S., Chaudhary, B. & Sanjay. (2020). Management of soybean wilt (Fusarium oxysporumf.sp. glycines) through application of plant extracts and fungicides. J Mycol Pl. Pathol., 50(4), 417-424.
Salem, M.Z.M., Mohamed. A. A., Ali, H.M. & Al Farraj, D.A.(2021) Characterization of Phytoconstituents from Alcoholic Extracts of Four Woody Species and Their Potential Uses for Management of Six Fusarium oxysporum Isolates Identified from Some Plant Hosts. Plants (Basel);10(7):1325. doi: 10.3390/plants10071325. PMID: 34209682; PMCID: PMC8309064.
Sidharthan, K.V., Rashmi, K, V, A., Surenthiran, N. & Shanmugam, V, (2018) Selection and Characterization of the Virulent Fusariumoxysporumf.sp. lycopersici Isolate Inciting Vascular Wilt of Tomato. Int. J. Curr. Microbio. and Applied Sci. 7(02), 1749-1756.
Sultana, N. & Ghaffar, A. (2013). Effect of fungicides, microbial antagonists and oil cakes in the control of Fusarium oxysporum, the cause of seed rot and root infection of bottle gourd and cucumber. Pak. J. Bot., 45, 2149-2156.
Vincent, J. M. (1947). Distortion of fungal hyphae in presence of certain inhibitors. Nature, 154, 850
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) © Author (s)
