Characterization of a bacterial collar and rhizome rot of banana (Musa paradisiaca) caused by strains of Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. paradisiaca
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Abstract
A serious collar and rhizome rot disease of banana was observed in the north region of Maharashtra state in post rainy season. The disease was caused by the bacterial strains of Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. paradisiaca identified and characterized by morphological, physiological, biochemical and pathogenicity tests. The infection occurred on new banana plantation of one month old in poorly drained soil. In post rainy season, banana plantations of 8 to 10 weeks were found severely infected. E. chrysanthemi pv. paradisiaca produced soft rot symptom on
healthy banana rhizomes within three weeks. Two strains were isolated from the collar and rhizome rotted diseased samples which were similar in morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, however they differed in the virulence aggressiveness to cause the disease in banana. Strain II caused soft rot symptoms within 19 days, however strain I produced it within 23 days of inoculation with suspension of 3×108 CFU ml-1. The result of this study revealed that strain II was more aggressive as compared to strain I of E. chrysanthemi pv. paradisiaca.
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Keywords
Banana, Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. paradisiaca, Rot, Strains
References
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Bhakthavathsalu, C.M., Sathiamorthy, S. and Chockalingam, S. (1976). Bacterial head rot – A new disease in Nendran banana. Unda, 14 pp. Vellore, India, Tamil Nadu Department of Agriculture. CAB. Horticultural Abstracts 046-01659.
Bradbury, J.F. (1986). Erwinia: Guide to plant pathogenic bacteria, 61-79 pp. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
Chattopadhayay, P.K. and Mukherjee, N. (1986). A pseudostem rot of banana due to Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. paradisica. Curr. Sci., 55(6): 789-790.
Chattopadhyay, P.K. (1987). Soft rot: A threat to banana cultivation in West Bengal. Indian Hort., 31(4): 9.
Chellemi, D.O., Dankers, H.A., Hill, K., Cullen, R.E., Simone, G.W., Gooch, M.D. and Allingham, J.E. (1998). Occurrence of bacterial stem rot, caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi, on field grown tomato in Florida. Pl. Dis., 82(7): 831.
Dickey, R.S. (1979). Erwinia chrysanthemi: A comparative study of phenotypic properties from several hosts and other Erwinia species. Phytopath., 69: 324-329.
Dickey, R.S. and Victoria, J.I. (1980). Taxonomy and emended description of strains of Erwinia isolated from Musa paradisiaca Linnaeus. International J. Syst. Bacteriol., 30: 129-134.
FAO (2009). Banana Statistics (FAOSTAT). ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/meeting/018/k6853e.pdf.
Figueroa, L. (1987). Control of diseases and nematodes of banana and plantain. Revista Mexicana-de-Fitopathologia., 5(2): 181-184.
Gomez-Caicedo, L.E., Echeverry, N.E. and Gonzalez, S.R. (2001). Evaluation of cultural, chemical and biological control of vascular rot and wilt in plantain (Musa AAB Simmonds). Montpelier, France: International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP). Infomusa, 10(1): 17-21.
Goto, M. (1979). Bacterial foot rot disease of rice caused by strain of Erwinia chrysanthemi. Phytopath., 68: 213-216.
Guzman, M. and Sandoval, J. (1996). Symptoms of pseudo stem soft rot in the hybrids FHIA-01 and FHIA-02. Corbana., 21(46): 145-150.
Hildebrand, D.C. and Schroth, M.N. (1967). ‘Drippy nut’ of oak caused by Erwinia amylovora var. quercina. New Zeland J. Sci., 11: 590-607.
Hoitink, H.A.J. and Daft, G.C. (1972). Bacterial stem rot of poinsettia, a new disease caused by Erwinia carotovora var. chrysanthemi. Plant Dis. Rep., 56: 480-484.
Janse, J.D. and Ruissen, M.A. (1988). Characterization and classification of Erwinia chrysanthemi strains from several hosts in the Netherlands. Phytopath., 78: 800-808.
Jones, D. R. (2000). Diseases of Banana, Abaca and Enset. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, Oxon, UK.
Lelliot, R.A., Billing, E. and Hayward A.C. (1966). A determinative scheme for the Fluorescent Plant Pathogenic Pseudomonads. J. App. Bacteriol., 29: 70-489.
Mandal, K. and Maiti, S. (2005). Bacterial soft rot of aloe caused by Pectobacterium chrysanthemi: a new report from India. BSPP New Disease Reports Online [www.bspp. org.uk/publications/new-disease reports/ndr.php? id=011001].
Manoranjitham, S. K., Seenivasan, N., Auxcilia, J., Durga Devi, D. and Sooriananthasundaram, K. (2010). In vitro and in vivo efficacy of biocontrol agents and antibiotic against Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora. In M. M. Mustaffa, K. N. Shiva, B. Padmanabhan and M. Mayil Vagnan (Eds.), Abstracts, Global conference on Banana, Tiruchirapalli, India (p. 104). Association for Improvement in Production and Utilisation of Banana (AIPUB) and the National Research Centre for Banana (NRCB).
McFadden, L.A. (1969). Aglaonema pictum a new host of Erwinia chrysantemi. Plant Dis. Rep., 53: 253-254.
Nabhan, S., Al-Chaabi, S. and Abu-Ghorrah, M. (2006). Evaluation of pathogenicity of different Erwinia isolates causal agents of potato soft rot and blackleg, and assessment of susceptibility of some potato cultivars under laboratory conditions. The Ninth Arab Congress of Plant Protection, 19-23 November 2006, Damascus, Syria.
Nagaraj, M.S., Umashankar, N., Palanna, K. B. and Khan, A.N.A. (2012). Etiology and management of tip over disease of banana by using biological agents. I.J.A.B.R., 2(3): 483-486.
Patel, P. R., Sharma, H. and Shukla, A. (2011). Efficacy of chemicals against rhizome rot of banana. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24 : 712–713.
Pereira, L.V. and Nunes, R.A.S. (1988). Soft rot of the rhizome and pseudostem of banana (Musa acuminata). Fitopathologia Brasileira., 13(1): 70-71.
Rahman, M. M., Ali, M. E., Khan, A. A., Hashim, U., Akanda, A. M. and Hakim M. A. (2012). Characterization and identification of soft rot bacterial pathogens in Bangladeshi potatoes. African J. Microbiol. Res., 6(7):437-1445.
Rivera, N. and Garcia, A. (1981). Distribution in Cuba of watery rot of the pseudostem of banana caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi. Ciencia-Y-Tecnia-en-la-Agricultura, Protection de Plantas. 4(2/3): 89-96.
Rivera Docando, N. (1978). Comparative study of two new bacterial diseases in banana growing areas of Cuba. Agrotecnia-de-Cuba., 10(2): 35-44.
Robinson, J.C. and Manicom, B.Q. (1991). Rhizomes of new banana cultivars are susceptible to Erwinia corm rot. Inligtingsbulletin – Navorsingsinstituut-vir-sitrus-en subtropiese-Vruget. No. 228: 1-2.
Schaad, N.W. and Brenner, D. (1977). A bacterial wilt and root rot of sweet potato caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi. Phytopath., 67: 303-308.
Shillingford, C.A. (1974). Bacterial rhizome rot of banana in Jamaica. Plant Dis. Rep., 58: 214-218.
Singh, S. K., Ray, P. K. and Jha, P. K. (2010). Banana diseases in Bihar: the current scenario. In M. M. Mustaffa, K. N. Shiva, B. Padmanabhan and M. Mayil Vagnan (Eds.), Abstracts, Global conference on Banana, Tiruchirapalli, India (p. 103). Association for Improvement in Production and Utilisation of Banana (AIPUB) and the National Research Centre for Banana (NRCB).
Stover, R.H. (1959). Bacterial rhizome rot of bananas. Phytopath., 49: 290-292.
Stover, R.H. (2000). Diseases and other health problems in tropical Africa. Acta Horticulture, Leuven, Belgium: International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS), 540: 311-317.
Stover, R. H. and Simmonds, N. W. (1987). Bananas. Third edition. Longman scientific/John wiley, New York, USA. pp. 468
Thammaiah, N., Kanamadi, V. C., Shirol, A. M., Kulkarni, M. S. and Swamy, G. S. K. (2010). Management of tip over disease of banana cv. Grand Naine. In M. M. Mustaffa, K. N. Shiva, B. Padmanabhan, and M. Mayil Vagnan (Eds.), Abstracts, Global conference on Banana, Tiruchirapalli, India (p. 106). Association for Improvement in Production and Utilisation of Banana (AIPUB) and the National Research Centre for Banana (NRCB).
Thomson, S.V., Schroth, M.N., Hills, F.J., Whitney, E.D. and Hildebrand, D.C. (1977). Bacterial vascular necrosis and root of sugarbeet. General description and etiology. Phytopath., 67: 1183-1189.
Thwaites, R., Eden-Green, S.J. and Black, R. (2000). Disease caused by bacteria. In Diseases of Banana, Abaca and Euset, D.R. Jones (ed.), Wallingford, U.K. CABI Publishing. pp. 213-239.
Togashi, J. (1988). Identification of the organisms causing the soft rot disease in vegetables in the fields of Tsuruaka district. Bull. Yamaga Univ. Agric. Sci., 10(3): 473-478.
Tomlinson, D.L. and Cox, P.G. (1987). A new disease of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi in Papua New Guinea. Plant Pathol., 36: 79-83.
Tomlinson, D.L., King, G.A. and Ovia, A. (1987). Bacterial corn and rhizome rot of banana (Musa spp.) in Papua New Guinea caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi. Tropical Pest Management., 33: 196-199.
Waman, A. A., Bohra, P., Umesha, K., Chandrashekar, S.C., Sathyanarayana, B.N. and Sreeramu, B.S. (2012). Successful rescue and field establishment of native banana varieties severely affected by rhizome rot. J. Agr. Rural Develop. Trop. Subtrop., 113 (2):147–154.
Bhakthavathsalu, C.M., Sathiamorthy, S. and Chockalingam, S. (1976). Bacterial head rot – A new disease in Nendran banana. Unda, 14 pp. Vellore, India, Tamil Nadu Department of Agriculture. CAB. Horticultural Abstracts 046-01659.
Bradbury, J.F. (1986). Erwinia: Guide to plant pathogenic bacteria, 61-79 pp. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
Chattopadhayay, P.K. and Mukherjee, N. (1986). A pseudostem rot of banana due to Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. paradisica. Curr. Sci., 55(6): 789-790.
Chattopadhyay, P.K. (1987). Soft rot: A threat to banana cultivation in West Bengal. Indian Hort., 31(4): 9.
Chellemi, D.O., Dankers, H.A., Hill, K., Cullen, R.E., Simone, G.W., Gooch, M.D. and Allingham, J.E. (1998). Occurrence of bacterial stem rot, caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi, on field grown tomato in Florida. Pl. Dis., 82(7): 831.
Dickey, R.S. (1979). Erwinia chrysanthemi: A comparative study of phenotypic properties from several hosts and other Erwinia species. Phytopath., 69: 324-329.
Dickey, R.S. and Victoria, J.I. (1980). Taxonomy and emended description of strains of Erwinia isolated from Musa paradisiaca Linnaeus. International J. Syst. Bacteriol., 30: 129-134.
FAO (2009). Banana Statistics (FAOSTAT). ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/meeting/018/k6853e.pdf.
Figueroa, L. (1987). Control of diseases and nematodes of banana and plantain. Revista Mexicana-de-Fitopathologia., 5(2): 181-184.
Gomez-Caicedo, L.E., Echeverry, N.E. and Gonzalez, S.R. (2001). Evaluation of cultural, chemical and biological control of vascular rot and wilt in plantain (Musa AAB Simmonds). Montpelier, France: International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP). Infomusa, 10(1): 17-21.
Goto, M. (1979). Bacterial foot rot disease of rice caused by strain of Erwinia chrysanthemi. Phytopath., 68: 213-216.
Guzman, M. and Sandoval, J. (1996). Symptoms of pseudo stem soft rot in the hybrids FHIA-01 and FHIA-02. Corbana., 21(46): 145-150.
Hildebrand, D.C. and Schroth, M.N. (1967). ‘Drippy nut’ of oak caused by Erwinia amylovora var. quercina. New Zeland J. Sci., 11: 590-607.
Hoitink, H.A.J. and Daft, G.C. (1972). Bacterial stem rot of poinsettia, a new disease caused by Erwinia carotovora var. chrysanthemi. Plant Dis. Rep., 56: 480-484.
Janse, J.D. and Ruissen, M.A. (1988). Characterization and classification of Erwinia chrysanthemi strains from several hosts in the Netherlands. Phytopath., 78: 800-808.
Jones, D. R. (2000). Diseases of Banana, Abaca and Enset. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, Oxon, UK.
Lelliot, R.A., Billing, E. and Hayward A.C. (1966). A determinative scheme for the Fluorescent Plant Pathogenic Pseudomonads. J. App. Bacteriol., 29: 70-489.
Mandal, K. and Maiti, S. (2005). Bacterial soft rot of aloe caused by Pectobacterium chrysanthemi: a new report from India. BSPP New Disease Reports Online [www.bspp. org.uk/publications/new-disease reports/ndr.php? id=011001].
Manoranjitham, S. K., Seenivasan, N., Auxcilia, J., Durga Devi, D. and Sooriananthasundaram, K. (2010). In vitro and in vivo efficacy of biocontrol agents and antibiotic against Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora. In M. M. Mustaffa, K. N. Shiva, B. Padmanabhan and M. Mayil Vagnan (Eds.), Abstracts, Global conference on Banana, Tiruchirapalli, India (p. 104). Association for Improvement in Production and Utilisation of Banana (AIPUB) and the National Research Centre for Banana (NRCB).
McFadden, L.A. (1969). Aglaonema pictum a new host of Erwinia chrysantemi. Plant Dis. Rep., 53: 253-254.
Nabhan, S., Al-Chaabi, S. and Abu-Ghorrah, M. (2006). Evaluation of pathogenicity of different Erwinia isolates causal agents of potato soft rot and blackleg, and assessment of susceptibility of some potato cultivars under laboratory conditions. The Ninth Arab Congress of Plant Protection, 19-23 November 2006, Damascus, Syria.
Nagaraj, M.S., Umashankar, N., Palanna, K. B. and Khan, A.N.A. (2012). Etiology and management of tip over disease of banana by using biological agents. I.J.A.B.R., 2(3): 483-486.
Patel, P. R., Sharma, H. and Shukla, A. (2011). Efficacy of chemicals against rhizome rot of banana. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24 : 712–713.
Pereira, L.V. and Nunes, R.A.S. (1988). Soft rot of the rhizome and pseudostem of banana (Musa acuminata). Fitopathologia Brasileira., 13(1): 70-71.
Rahman, M. M., Ali, M. E., Khan, A. A., Hashim, U., Akanda, A. M. and Hakim M. A. (2012). Characterization and identification of soft rot bacterial pathogens in Bangladeshi potatoes. African J. Microbiol. Res., 6(7):437-1445.
Rivera, N. and Garcia, A. (1981). Distribution in Cuba of watery rot of the pseudostem of banana caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi. Ciencia-Y-Tecnia-en-la-Agricultura, Protection de Plantas. 4(2/3): 89-96.
Rivera Docando, N. (1978). Comparative study of two new bacterial diseases in banana growing areas of Cuba. Agrotecnia-de-Cuba., 10(2): 35-44.
Robinson, J.C. and Manicom, B.Q. (1991). Rhizomes of new banana cultivars are susceptible to Erwinia corm rot. Inligtingsbulletin – Navorsingsinstituut-vir-sitrus-en subtropiese-Vruget. No. 228: 1-2.
Schaad, N.W. and Brenner, D. (1977). A bacterial wilt and root rot of sweet potato caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi. Phytopath., 67: 303-308.
Shillingford, C.A. (1974). Bacterial rhizome rot of banana in Jamaica. Plant Dis. Rep., 58: 214-218.
Singh, S. K., Ray, P. K. and Jha, P. K. (2010). Banana diseases in Bihar: the current scenario. In M. M. Mustaffa, K. N. Shiva, B. Padmanabhan and M. Mayil Vagnan (Eds.), Abstracts, Global conference on Banana, Tiruchirapalli, India (p. 103). Association for Improvement in Production and Utilisation of Banana (AIPUB) and the National Research Centre for Banana (NRCB).
Stover, R.H. (1959). Bacterial rhizome rot of bananas. Phytopath., 49: 290-292.
Stover, R.H. (2000). Diseases and other health problems in tropical Africa. Acta Horticulture, Leuven, Belgium: International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS), 540: 311-317.
Stover, R. H. and Simmonds, N. W. (1987). Bananas. Third edition. Longman scientific/John wiley, New York, USA. pp. 468
Thammaiah, N., Kanamadi, V. C., Shirol, A. M., Kulkarni, M. S. and Swamy, G. S. K. (2010). Management of tip over disease of banana cv. Grand Naine. In M. M. Mustaffa, K. N. Shiva, B. Padmanabhan, and M. Mayil Vagnan (Eds.), Abstracts, Global conference on Banana, Tiruchirapalli, India (p. 106). Association for Improvement in Production and Utilisation of Banana (AIPUB) and the National Research Centre for Banana (NRCB).
Thomson, S.V., Schroth, M.N., Hills, F.J., Whitney, E.D. and Hildebrand, D.C. (1977). Bacterial vascular necrosis and root of sugarbeet. General description and etiology. Phytopath., 67: 1183-1189.
Thwaites, R., Eden-Green, S.J. and Black, R. (2000). Disease caused by bacteria. In Diseases of Banana, Abaca and Euset, D.R. Jones (ed.), Wallingford, U.K. CABI Publishing. pp. 213-239.
Togashi, J. (1988). Identification of the organisms causing the soft rot disease in vegetables in the fields of Tsuruaka district. Bull. Yamaga Univ. Agric. Sci., 10(3): 473-478.
Tomlinson, D.L. and Cox, P.G. (1987). A new disease of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi in Papua New Guinea. Plant Pathol., 36: 79-83.
Tomlinson, D.L., King, G.A. and Ovia, A. (1987). Bacterial corn and rhizome rot of banana (Musa spp.) in Papua New Guinea caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi. Tropical Pest Management., 33: 196-199.
Waman, A. A., Bohra, P., Umesha, K., Chandrashekar, S.C., Sathyanarayana, B.N. and Sreeramu, B.S. (2012). Successful rescue and field establishment of native banana varieties severely affected by rhizome rot. J. Agr. Rural Develop. Trop. Subtrop., 113 (2):147–154.
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Characterization of a bacterial collar and rhizome rot of banana (Musa paradisiaca) caused by strains of Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. paradisiaca. (2013). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 5(2), 435-441. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v5i2.349
