Farmers' perceptions of climate change and its impact on gum Talha (Acacia seyal var. seyal) production in Bahar Alarab locality, East Darfur State, Sudan
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Ahmed Younis Ibrahim Younis
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7989-7954
N. J. Bello
Adeniyi Olumuyiwa Togun
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1733-1952
Gammer-eldien Abdelrhman Ibrahim Hamad
Samoura Demba Aïssata
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8279-1819
Siraj Osman Omer
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1563-1975
Mustafa Abdalla Nasrealdin
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1341-570X
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7989-7954
N. J. Bello
Adeniyi Olumuyiwa Togun
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1733-1952
Gammer-eldien Abdelrhman Ibrahim Hamad
Samoura Demba Aïssata
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8279-1819
Siraj Osman Omer
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1563-1975
Mustafa Abdalla Nasrealdin
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1341-570X
Abstract
Acacia seyal var. seyal is an essential source of income to farmers in the Bahar Alarab locality in Sudan. Farmers’ perceptions of current climate conditions and their subsequent repercussions on Gum Talha (Acacia seyal var. seyal) production remains poorly investigated and understood. To fill this gap, a survey was carried out within six villages at Bahar Alarab locality in East Darfur State, Sudan, and a total of 391 randomly selected farmers were included in the study. Moreover, rainfall and temperature data over 30 years (1988 – 2020) were analysed. The results revealed that climate change signs were perceived by farmers based on the size of gum production (27.4%), early falling of leaves (26.1%), decline in production (24.3%), and persistent insect attack (22.3%). Moreover, farmers also reported increases (65%) and decreases (19%) in temperature. In contrast, 46.5% of farmers reported that rainfall deficiency was a decreasing factor of production. Accordingly, 69% of respondents perceived an increase in temperature, whereas 49.4% reported a decrease in rainfall frequency. Additionally, the results showed that there was long-term variability in temperature over the past three decades. The results of multinomial logistic regression highlighted that household size is an important factor contributing to the increasing trend of temperature. In addition, the growth and productivity of acacia trees were found to be determinants of farmers’ perception of temperature and precipitation change over the past 30 years. The study suggests a tailored policy that could reduce climate-induced impacts on gum Talha productivity and increase farmers’ gain to avoid poverty in this locality.
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Keywords
Climate-induced impacts, Climate changeClimate change, Gum production, Gum talha, Seyal
References
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Paudel, B., Zhang, Y., Yan, J., Rai, R., Li, L., Wu, X., Chapagain P.S. & Khanal, N.R. (2020). Farmers’ understanding of climate change in Nepal Himalayas: important determinants and implications for developing adaptation strategies. Climatic Change, 158: 485–502. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02607-2.
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Teshome, H., Tesfaye, K., Dechassa, N., Tana, T. & Huber, M. (2021). Smallholder Farmers’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Adaptation Practices for Maize Production in Eastern Ethiopia. Sustainability, 13(17):9622. doi.org/10.3390/su13179622.
Traoré, L., Bello, O. D., Togola, A., Balogoun, I., Chabi, F., Yabi, I., Ahoton, E.L. & Saïdou, A. (2021). Farmers’ perceptions of climate change and adaptation strategies on sorghum productivity in the Sudanian and Sahelian zones of Mali. African Crop Science Journal, 29(1)157 – 175. doi: 10.4314/acsj.v29i1.11.
Wetende, E., Olago, D. & Ogara, W. (2018). Perceptions of climate change variability and adaptation strategies on smallholder dairy farming systems: Insights from Siaya Sub-County of Western Kenya. Environmental Development, 27: 14-25.
Woods, B.A., Nielsen, H.Ø., Pedersen, A.B. & Kristofersson, D. (2017). Farmers’ perceptions of climate change and their likely responses in Danish agriculture. Land Use Policy, 65: 109–120. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.04.007.
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Younis, A. Y. I., Mustafa, H. F. & Ballal, M. A. (2018). Perception of the Local Community Towards Utilization and Role of Nonwood Forest Products in Bahr Alarab Locality, East Darfur State, Sudan. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 11(6): 74-81.
Altea, L. (2019). Perceptions of climate change and its impacts: a comparison between farmers and institutions in the Amazonas Region of Peru. Climate and Development, 12(2) 134-146. doi:10.1080/17565529.2019.1605285.
Alvar-Beltrán, J., Dao, A., Marta, AD., Heureux, A., Sanou J. & Orlandini, S. (2020). Farmers’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Agricultural Adaptation in Burkina Faso. Atmosphere, 11(8):827. doi:10.3390/atmos11080827.
Arbuckle, J. G., Jr, Morton, L. W., & Hobbs, J. (2015). Understanding Farmer Perspectives on Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation: The Roles of Trust in Sources of Climate Information, Climate Change Beliefs, and Perceived Risk. Environment and behavior, 47(2), 205–234. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916513503832.
Asrat, P. & Simane, B. (2018). Farmers’ perception of climate change and adaptation strategies in the Dabus watershed, North-West. Ethiopia. Ecological processes, 7 (1):7. doi.org/10.1186/s13717-018-0118-8.
Atube, F., Malinga, G.M., Nyeko, M., Okello, D.M., Alarakol, S.P. & Okello‑Uma, P. (2021). Determinants of smallholder farmers’ adaptation strategies to the effects of climate change: Evidence from northern Uganda. Agriculture & Food Security, 10(6):1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-020-00279-1.
Ayanwuyi, E., Kuponiyi, F.A., Ogunlade, I. & Oyetoro, J.O. (2010) Farmer’s perception of impact of climate changes on food crop production in Ogbomoso agricultural zone of Oyo state, Nigeria. Global Journal of Human Social Science, 10:33–39.
Badi, K. H. (1993). Study on consumption of forest products: An exhaustive list of forest species bearing nonwood forest products. GCP/SUD/049/NET, Khartoum. Sudan: pp13-17.
Badi, K.H., Ahmed, A.El.H. & Bayoumi, A.A.M.S. (1989). The Forests of the Sudan, Khartoum Agricultural Research Council Sudan.
Callo-Concha, D. (2018). Farmer perceptions and climate change adaptation in the West Africa Sudan Savannah: Reality check in Dassari, Benin, and Dano, Burkina Faso. Journal of Climate, 6(2):19. doi: 10.3390/cli6020044.
Chatterjee, S. & Simonoff, J.S. (2013). Handbook of Regression Analysis. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey published simultaneously in Canada.
Elnour, A. E. (2007). Jebel Marra the potentials for resources and rural development. University of Khartoum, Faculty of Forestry, Shambat, Sudan. pp78 - 89.
Fieroz-González I., and López-Feldman A. (2021). Farmers’ Perception of Climate Change: A Review of the Literature for Latin America. Front. Environ. Sci., 07 June 2021 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.672399.
FNC, (2013). The status of Sudan forests and the changes that have occurred during the period 2000 – 2011. FNC 19th Annual Conference, FNC Khartoum, Sudan.
Fosu-Mensah, B. Y., Vlek, P. L. G. & McCarthy, D. S. (2012). Farmers’ perception and adaptation to climate change: a case study of Sekyedumase district in Ghana. Environment Development and Sustainability, 14(4):495–505. Doi: 10.1007/s10668-012-9339.
Gnangle P.C, Egah J., Baco M.N., Gbemavo CD. S. J., Kakaï R.G. et Sokpon N. (2012). Perceptions locales du changement climatique et mesures d’adaptation dans la gestion des parcs à karité au Nord-Bénin. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v6i1.13.
Habiba, U., Shaw, R. & Takeuchi, T. (2012). Farmer’s perception and adaptation practices to cope with drought: perspectives from Northwestern Bangladesh. Int J Disast Risk Reduct 1:72–84
Hameso, S. (2018). Farmers and policymakers’ perceptions of climate
change in Ethiopia. Climate and Development, 10(4):347-359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2017.1291408.
Hyland, J.J., Jones, D.L., Parkhill, K.A., Barnes, A.P. & Williams, A.P. (2015). Farmers’ perception of climate change: identifying types. Agriculture and Human Values, 33(2): 323- 339. doi: 10.1007/s10460-015-9608.
Ibrahim, G. A., Abdalla, N. I. & Fangama, I. M. (2015). Contributions of Non-Wood Forest Products to Household Food Security and Income Generation in South Kordofan State, Sudan. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 4 (6): 828-832.
IPCC, (2007). Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate. UK Cambridge University Press.
Jin, Z.C., Kuang, F. et al. Farmers’ perceptions of climate change and adaptation behavior in Wushen Banner, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 26484–26494 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09048-w.
Kahsay, H. T., Guta, D. D., Birhanu, B. S. &Gidey, T. G. (2019). Farmers’ Perceptions of Climate Change Trends and Adaptation Strategies in Semiarid Highlands of Eastern Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Advances in Meteorology, pp. 13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3849210.
Kapoury, S., Joachim, B., Jules, B., Grace, B., Villamor, A.K. & Dodiomon. S. (2016). Farmers’ perceptions of climate change impacts on ecosystem services delivery of parklands in southern Mali Agroforestry Systems. An International Journal incorporating Agroforestry Forum, 91(2): 345–361. doi:10.1007/s10457-016-9933-z. .
Limantol, A.M., Keith, B.E., Azabre, B.A. & Lennartz, B. (2016). Farmers’ perception and adaptation practice to climate variability and change: a case study of the Vea catchment in Ghana. Springer Plus, 5(1). doi:10.1186/s40064-016-2433-9.
Mainuddin M, Peña-Arancibia JL, Karim F, Hasan M.M, Mojid MA, Kirby JM (2022) Long-term spatiotemporal variability and trends in rainfall and temperature extremes and their potential risk to rice production in Bangladesh. PLOS Clim 1(3): e0000009. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pclm.0000009.
Mihiretu A., Okoyo E. N. & Lemma T. (2020). Small holder farmers’ perception and response mechanisms to climate change: Lesson from Tekeze lowland goat and sorghum livelihood zone, Ethiopia. Food & Agriculture, 6:1, 1763647, doi: 10.1080/23311932.2020.1763647.
Nyang'au, J. O., Mohamed, J.H., Mango, N., Makate, C & Wangeci, A. N. (2021). Smallholder farmers’ perception of climate change and adoption of climate smart agriculture practices in Masaba South Sub- County, Kisii, Kenya. Heliyon, 7(4): e06789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06789.
Odewumi, S.G., Awoyemi, O.K, Iwara, A, I, Ogundele, F, O. (2013) Farmer’s perception on the effect of climate change and variation on urban agriculture in Ibadan Metropolis, South-western Nigeria. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 6(6):209–217.
Olayemi, A.O. (2012). Determinants of climate change and coping strategies among crop farmers in ondo state, Nigeria. Agricultural Research Review, 1(4):127–131.
Paudel, B., Zhang, Y., Yan, J., Rai, R., Li, L., Wu, X., Chapagain P.S. & Khanal, N.R. (2020). Farmers’ understanding of climate change in Nepal Himalayas: important determinants and implications for developing adaptation strategies. Climatic Change, 158: 485–502. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02607-2.
Revesz, R.L. (2020). Editorial, the Trump Administration’s Attacks on Regulatory Benefits, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy 14(22): 324–330. https://doi.org/10.1093/reep/reaa008.
Saha, M.K., Biswas, A.A., Faisal, M., Meandad, J., Ahmed, R., Prokash, J. & Sakib, F.M. (2019). Factors Affecting to Adoption of Climate-smart Agriculture Practices by Coastal Farmers’ in Bangladesh. American Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, 4(4):113-121. http://www.aiscience.org/journal/ajesd.
Sahu, C.N. & Mishra, D. (2013). Analysis of perception and adaptability strategies of the farmers to climate change in Odisha, India. APCBEE Procedia 5:123–112.
Shiferaw, B., Tesfaye, K., Kassie, M., Abate, T., Prasanna, B. M. & Menkir, A. (2014). Managing vulnerability to drought and enhancing livelihood resilience in sub-Saharan Africa: Technological, institutional and policy options. Weather and Climate Extremes, 3:67–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2014.04.004.
Siddig, K., Stepanyan, D., Wiebelt, M., Zhu, T. & Grethe, H. (2020). Climate Change and Agriculture in the Sudan: Impact pathways beyond changes in mean rainfall and temperature. Ecological Economics, 169:106566. doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.20 19.106566.
Sippel, S., Meinshausen, N. & Fischer, E.M. (2020). Climate change now detectable from any single day of weather at global scale. Nat. Climate Change, 10: 35–41. doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0666-7.
Sofoluwe, N. A., Tijani, A. A. & Baruwa, O. I. (2011). Farmers’ perception and adaptation to climate change in Osun State, Nigeria. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(20):4789-4794. doi: 10.5897/AJAR10.935.
Suleiman, M. B. K. (2012). Contribution of nonwood forest products in the livelihood of rural communities at Dalanj Locality in South Kordofan State, M.Sc. Thesis College of Graduate Studies, SUST. Khartoum-Sudan: pp 4-17.
Takahashi, B., Burnham, M., Terracina-Hartman, C., Sopchak, A.R. & Selfa, T. (2016). Climate change perceptions of NY state farmers: the role of risk perceptions and adaptive capacity. Environmental Management 58(6):946–957. doi: 10.1007/s00267-016-0742-y.
Teshome, H., Tesfaye, K., Dechassa, N., Tana, T. & Huber, M. (2021). Smallholder Farmers’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Adaptation Practices for Maize Production in Eastern Ethiopia. Sustainability, 13(17):9622. doi.org/10.3390/su13179622.
Traoré, L., Bello, O. D., Togola, A., Balogoun, I., Chabi, F., Yabi, I., Ahoton, E.L. & Saïdou, A. (2021). Farmers’ perceptions of climate change and adaptation strategies on sorghum productivity in the Sudanian and Sahelian zones of Mali. African Crop Science Journal, 29(1)157 – 175. doi: 10.4314/acsj.v29i1.11.
Wetende, E., Olago, D. & Ogara, W. (2018). Perceptions of climate change variability and adaptation strategies on smallholder dairy farming systems: Insights from Siaya Sub-County of Western Kenya. Environmental Development, 27: 14-25.
Woods, B.A., Nielsen, H.Ø., Pedersen, A.B. & Kristofersson, D. (2017). Farmers’ perceptions of climate change and their likely responses in Danish agriculture. Land Use Policy, 65: 109–120. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.04.007.
Younis, A. Y. I. (2018). Types and Utilization of Nonwood Forest Products in Bahr Alarab Locality, East Darfur State, Sudan, MSc A dissertation by Department of Environmental Science and Natural Resources Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Gezira.
Younis, A. Y. I., Mustafa, H. F. & Ballal, M. A. (2018). Perception of the Local Community Towards Utilization and Role of Nonwood Forest Products in Bahr Alarab Locality, East Darfur State, Sudan. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 11(6): 74-81.
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How to Cite
Farmers’ perceptions of climate change and its impact on gum Talha (Acacia seyal var. seyal) production in Bahar Alarab locality, East Darfur State, Sudan. (2022). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 14(2), 349-361. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v14i2.3392
