Assessment of compatibility of intercrops in Dalbergia sissoo based Hortisilvicultural system in Mondipatty, Manapparai block of Trichy district, Tamil Nadu
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Abstract
Attention to intercropping for sustainable agriculture is increasing, and scientific studies on intercropping have also grown in recent years. Agroforestry Systems, which combine annual crops with trees, are used widely in semiarid regions to reduce wind erosion and improve the efficiency of resources such as water and nutrients. Field experiments were conducted at Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Limited Farm, Mondipatty, Tamil Nadu, to study the compatibility of intercropping systems in the Dalbergia sissoo-based Horti-silvicultural system for two years during 2016 and 2017. The experiments were conducted in a split-plot design with four replications.The main plot treatments were M1: Cassava M2:Chillies and the subplot treatments were five nutrient management packages viz., S1: Untreated control, S2: 100 % Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (Cassava: 90: 90: 240 and Chillies: 60: 80: 80),S3: 125 % Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (Cassava: 112.5: 112.5: 300 and Chillies: 75: 100: 100), S4:150 % (Cassava: 135: 135: 360 and Chillies: 90: 120: 120) Recommended Dose of Fertilizers, S5: Soil Test Crop Response studies - Integrated Plant Nutrient Supply System -based recommendation (as per soil test value). The results indicated that the Horti-Silvicultural system of growing Cassava and Chillies along with D. sissoo performed well. It was observed that statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) higher yields of 17.8 tha-1 and 1.6 tha-1 were recorded in Cassava and Chillies, respectively, in treatment S5, where the fertilizer was applied based on the Soil Test Crop Response studies - Integrated Plant Nutrient Supply System. In addition, the soil fertility status was also sustained in this plot. The fertilizers applied to the intercrops have contributed to the nutrient requirement of the tree crop and thereby reduced the cost of cultivation in the agroforestry system.
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Keywords
Agroforestry, Chilli, Cassava, Dalbergia sissoo, Soil fertility, Soil Test Crop Response studies - Integrated Plant Nutrient Supply System
References
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Basavaraja, P.K.H., Mohamed Saqueebulla, G.V. Gangamrutha, Prabhudeva, D.S. & Deva P.2019 Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry,8(3),3870-3873
Branca. G., L. Lipper., N. McCarthy & Jolejole M.C. (2013) Food security, climate change, and sustainable land management. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable development, 33, 635 650
Byju, G., Nedunchezhiyan, M., Ravindran, C.S., Santhosh Mithra, V.S., Ravi, V. & Naskar S.K. (2012). Modelling the response of Cassava to fertilizers: A site specific Nutrient Management approach for greater tuberous root yield. Communications in soil science and plant analysis, 43, 1149 – 1162.
Chaubey, A.K., Parganiha, O.P. & Parcya P.M. (2015). Effect of STCR technology for targeted yield in Rice. Plant Archives. 15(1),267-269.
Cong.P.T. and R.Merckx.2005. Improving phosphorus availability in two upland soils of Vietnam using Tihonia diversifolia, Plant and Soil.269:11-23.
Daniel, L., & Jeffery.G. (2009). A height-diameter curve for longleaf pine plantations in the gulf coastal plain, Southern Journal of Applied forestry, 33 (4), 164 – 170.
Dey. P., & Srivastava.S. (2013). Site specific Nutrient management with STCR approach in Kundu et al. (Eds.): IISS contribution in Frontier areas of Soil Research Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal. 259-270.
Dobermann, A., & White P.F. (1999). Strategies for nutrient management in irrigated and rainfed lowland rice system. Nutrient cycling in Agroecosystems 46, 1 – 10.
Garrity, D. F. & F.Agus.(2000).Natural Resource Management on watershed scale. Agroforestry contribution. CRC Press, London, New York, Washigton.P.230
Gomez, K. A. & Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical procedures for agricultural research. John Wiley & Sons.
Goodwind, A.N. (2004). Measuring tall trees height from the ground. Tasforests, 15, 85– 97.
Huda, S.M.S., Sujauddin, M. Shafinat, S. & Uddin, M. S. (2007).Effect of Phosphorus and Potassium addition on ground and nodulation of Dalbergia sissoo in the nursery. Journal of Forestry Research,18, 279-282
Jackson, M.L. (1973) Soil chemical analysis, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Jaisankar, I. Revathi, R., Umarani, R., Sivakumar, K. and HariPrasath, C.N. (2014) Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management Practices on growth and ecophysiological characters of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Clones. Journal of Andaman Science Association 19(1),23-29.
Jayakumar, M., Surendran, U. & Manickasundaram, P., (2014). Drip fertigation effectson yield: nutrient uptake and soil fertility of Bt Cotton in semi arid tropics. International Journal of Plant Production, 8, 375–390.
Jayakumar, M., Surendran, U. & Manickasundaram, P.(2015). Drip fertigation programon growth, crop productivity, water, and fertilizer-Use efficiency of bt cotton
insemiarid tropical region of India. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 46 (3), 293–304.
Jezeer, R.E. Verwej, P.A. Boot, R.G.A. Junginger M. & M. J. Santoz (2019) Influence of livelihood assets, experienced shocks and perceived risks on smallholder coffee farming practices in Peru. J. of Env. Management, 242, 496 - 506
Jose, S.(2011). Managing native and nonnative plant species in Agroforestry, Agroforestry systems 83, 101 – 105.
Laroche, G., Domon, G., Gélinas, N. (2019) Integrating agroforestry intercropping systems in contrasted agricultural landscapes: a SWOT-AHP analysis of stakeholders’ perceptions. Agroforestry Systems, 93, 947–959 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-018-0191-0
Meylan, L., C. Gury., C. Allinne, J. Ortiz, L. Jackson & B.Rapidel.(2017) Evaluating the effect of shade trees on provision of ecosystem services in intensively managed coffee plantations. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 245: 32 - 42
Munz, S, Graeff-Honninger, S. Lizaso, J.L. Chen, Q. & Claupein, W. (2014). Modelling light availability for a subordinate crop within a strip intercropping system. Field Crops Research, 155, 77-89.
Nair, P.K.R., Kumar, B.M. & Nair, V.D. (2009).Agroforestry as a strategy for Carbon sequestration. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 172(1), 10 – 23.
Nesper, M., Kueffer, C., Krishnan, S., Kushalappa, C.G., Ghazoul, J., (2017). Shade tree diversity enhances coffee production and quality in agroforestry systems in the Western Ghats. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 247, 172–181.
Olsen, S.R., Cole C.V., Wattanabe, F.S. & Dean. L. A, (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus by extraction with NaHCO3 Circ. US. Dept. Agri. 939 p.
Ramamoorthi, B.,Narasimhan. R. L. & Dinesh. R. S. (1967). Fertilizer application for Sonora 64 for specific yield targets. Indian Farming, 17,43-45.
Ram Newaj, Dhyani, S.K., Chavan, S.B., Rizvi, R.H., Rajendra Prasad, Ajit, BadreAlam & Handa, A.K. (2014). Methodologies for assessing biomass, carbon stock and C-sequestration in agroforestry systems. National Research Centre for Agroforestry.Jhansi.P.45.
Sarimong, R.T., Shukla, A.K., Gill. M.S., Paterno, E. S. & Cruz, P.C.S. (2017). Effect of organic amendment and microbial inoculants on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium use efficiency of sugarcane under acid type haplusdand. Journal of the International Society of Asian Agricultural Science, .23(2), 114-124
Schroth. G. & M.S. da Mota (2013). Agroforestry: Complex multi strata agriculture. Encyclopedia of Agriculture and Food system 2ndEdn. Elsivier Publication Eds. N.vanAlfen.
Singh, V. K., Shukla., Gill, M.S., Sharma, S.K. & Tiwari, K.N. (2008). Improving sugarcane productivity through balanced nutrition with potassium, sulphur and magnesium. Better crops-India 24,12-14.
Sivakumar. K., Ramah. K. & Krishnakumar N., (2019).Potential of agroforestry for soil reclamation and soil rehabilitation. In Multifunctional Agroforestry {Ecosystem services} – Eds. K.T. Parthiban., Ramah. K. and G. Rajeshwar Rao. Jaya Publishing House, New Delhi. Pp.631 – 656.
Stanford. S & English, L. (1949). Use of flame photometer in rapid soil tests of potassium and calcium. Agronomy Journal,41, 446-447
Subbiah, B.V. & Asija, G. L., (1956). A rapid procedure for the estimation of available nitrogen in soil. Current Science, 25, 258 – 260.
Suganya. S. & Manickam.S. (2016). Soil test crop
response based integrated plant nutrient supply for Cassava in a Typic Rhodustalf of Tamil Nadu for sustainable Livelihood. Journal of Root Crops, 42 (2), 39-43.
Surendran, U. & Vani, D., (2013). Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi insugarcane productivity under semiarid tropical agroecosystem in India. International Journal of Plant Production, 7 (2), 269–278.
Surendran, U., Ramesh, V., Jayakumar, M., Marimuthu, S. & Sridevi, G., (2016a). Improved sugarcane productivity with tillage and trash management practices in semi arid tropical agroecosystem in India. Soil and Tillage
Research, 158, 10–21, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.20 15.10.009.
Surendran, U., Ramasubramoniam, S., Raja, P., Kumar, V. & Murugappan, V., (2016b).Budgeting of major nutrients and the mitigation options for nutrient mining in semi arid tropical agroecosystem of Tamil Nadu, India using NUTMON model. Environment and Monitoring and Assessment, 188 (4), 1–17.
Tayade, A. S., Bhaskaran. A & Anusha, S. (2019). IPNS-STCR based Nutrient management modules for enhancing soil health, fertilizer-use efficiency, productivity and profitability of tropical Indian sugarcane plant-ratoon agro-ecosystem. Sugar Technology, 22(2),1-10
Udawatta. P. Ranjith, Robert J. Kremerc, Brandon W. Adamsona & Stephen H. Anderson (2008). Variations in soil aggregate stability and enzyme activities in a temperate agroforestry practice. Applied Soil Ecology, 39, 153–160
Walkley A. J. & Black, I.A. (1934) Estimation of soil organic carbon by the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37, 29-38.
Basavaraja, P.K.H., Mohamed Saqueebulla, G.V. Gangamrutha, Prabhudeva, D.S. & Deva P.2019 Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry,8(3),3870-3873
Branca. G., L. Lipper., N. McCarthy & Jolejole M.C. (2013) Food security, climate change, and sustainable land management. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable development, 33, 635 650
Byju, G., Nedunchezhiyan, M., Ravindran, C.S., Santhosh Mithra, V.S., Ravi, V. & Naskar S.K. (2012). Modelling the response of Cassava to fertilizers: A site specific Nutrient Management approach for greater tuberous root yield. Communications in soil science and plant analysis, 43, 1149 – 1162.
Chaubey, A.K., Parganiha, O.P. & Parcya P.M. (2015). Effect of STCR technology for targeted yield in Rice. Plant Archives. 15(1),267-269.
Cong.P.T. and R.Merckx.2005. Improving phosphorus availability in two upland soils of Vietnam using Tihonia diversifolia, Plant and Soil.269:11-23.
Daniel, L., & Jeffery.G. (2009). A height-diameter curve for longleaf pine plantations in the gulf coastal plain, Southern Journal of Applied forestry, 33 (4), 164 – 170.
Dey. P., & Srivastava.S. (2013). Site specific Nutrient management with STCR approach in Kundu et al. (Eds.): IISS contribution in Frontier areas of Soil Research Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal. 259-270.
Dobermann, A., & White P.F. (1999). Strategies for nutrient management in irrigated and rainfed lowland rice system. Nutrient cycling in Agroecosystems 46, 1 – 10.
Garrity, D. F. & F.Agus.(2000).Natural Resource Management on watershed scale. Agroforestry contribution. CRC Press, London, New York, Washigton.P.230
Gomez, K. A. & Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical procedures for agricultural research. John Wiley & Sons.
Goodwind, A.N. (2004). Measuring tall trees height from the ground. Tasforests, 15, 85– 97.
Huda, S.M.S., Sujauddin, M. Shafinat, S. & Uddin, M. S. (2007).Effect of Phosphorus and Potassium addition on ground and nodulation of Dalbergia sissoo in the nursery. Journal of Forestry Research,18, 279-282
Jackson, M.L. (1973) Soil chemical analysis, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Jaisankar, I. Revathi, R., Umarani, R., Sivakumar, K. and HariPrasath, C.N. (2014) Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management Practices on growth and ecophysiological characters of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Clones. Journal of Andaman Science Association 19(1),23-29.
Jayakumar, M., Surendran, U. & Manickasundaram, P., (2014). Drip fertigation effectson yield: nutrient uptake and soil fertility of Bt Cotton in semi arid tropics. International Journal of Plant Production, 8, 375–390.
Jayakumar, M., Surendran, U. & Manickasundaram, P.(2015). Drip fertigation programon growth, crop productivity, water, and fertilizer-Use efficiency of bt cotton
insemiarid tropical region of India. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 46 (3), 293–304.
Jezeer, R.E. Verwej, P.A. Boot, R.G.A. Junginger M. & M. J. Santoz (2019) Influence of livelihood assets, experienced shocks and perceived risks on smallholder coffee farming practices in Peru. J. of Env. Management, 242, 496 - 506
Jose, S.(2011). Managing native and nonnative plant species in Agroforestry, Agroforestry systems 83, 101 – 105.
Laroche, G., Domon, G., Gélinas, N. (2019) Integrating agroforestry intercropping systems in contrasted agricultural landscapes: a SWOT-AHP analysis of stakeholders’ perceptions. Agroforestry Systems, 93, 947–959 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-018-0191-0
Meylan, L., C. Gury., C. Allinne, J. Ortiz, L. Jackson & B.Rapidel.(2017) Evaluating the effect of shade trees on provision of ecosystem services in intensively managed coffee plantations. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 245: 32 - 42
Munz, S, Graeff-Honninger, S. Lizaso, J.L. Chen, Q. & Claupein, W. (2014). Modelling light availability for a subordinate crop within a strip intercropping system. Field Crops Research, 155, 77-89.
Nair, P.K.R., Kumar, B.M. & Nair, V.D. (2009).Agroforestry as a strategy for Carbon sequestration. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 172(1), 10 – 23.
Nesper, M., Kueffer, C., Krishnan, S., Kushalappa, C.G., Ghazoul, J., (2017). Shade tree diversity enhances coffee production and quality in agroforestry systems in the Western Ghats. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 247, 172–181.
Olsen, S.R., Cole C.V., Wattanabe, F.S. & Dean. L. A, (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus by extraction with NaHCO3 Circ. US. Dept. Agri. 939 p.
Ramamoorthi, B.,Narasimhan. R. L. & Dinesh. R. S. (1967). Fertilizer application for Sonora 64 for specific yield targets. Indian Farming, 17,43-45.
Ram Newaj, Dhyani, S.K., Chavan, S.B., Rizvi, R.H., Rajendra Prasad, Ajit, BadreAlam & Handa, A.K. (2014). Methodologies for assessing biomass, carbon stock and C-sequestration in agroforestry systems. National Research Centre for Agroforestry.Jhansi.P.45.
Sarimong, R.T., Shukla, A.K., Gill. M.S., Paterno, E. S. & Cruz, P.C.S. (2017). Effect of organic amendment and microbial inoculants on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium use efficiency of sugarcane under acid type haplusdand. Journal of the International Society of Asian Agricultural Science, .23(2), 114-124
Schroth. G. & M.S. da Mota (2013). Agroforestry: Complex multi strata agriculture. Encyclopedia of Agriculture and Food system 2ndEdn. Elsivier Publication Eds. N.vanAlfen.
Singh, V. K., Shukla., Gill, M.S., Sharma, S.K. & Tiwari, K.N. (2008). Improving sugarcane productivity through balanced nutrition with potassium, sulphur and magnesium. Better crops-India 24,12-14.
Sivakumar. K., Ramah. K. & Krishnakumar N., (2019).Potential of agroforestry for soil reclamation and soil rehabilitation. In Multifunctional Agroforestry {Ecosystem services} – Eds. K.T. Parthiban., Ramah. K. and G. Rajeshwar Rao. Jaya Publishing House, New Delhi. Pp.631 – 656.
Stanford. S & English, L. (1949). Use of flame photometer in rapid soil tests of potassium and calcium. Agronomy Journal,41, 446-447
Subbiah, B.V. & Asija, G. L., (1956). A rapid procedure for the estimation of available nitrogen in soil. Current Science, 25, 258 – 260.
Suganya. S. & Manickam.S. (2016). Soil test crop
response based integrated plant nutrient supply for Cassava in a Typic Rhodustalf of Tamil Nadu for sustainable Livelihood. Journal of Root Crops, 42 (2), 39-43.
Surendran, U. & Vani, D., (2013). Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi insugarcane productivity under semiarid tropical agroecosystem in India. International Journal of Plant Production, 7 (2), 269–278.
Surendran, U., Ramesh, V., Jayakumar, M., Marimuthu, S. & Sridevi, G., (2016a). Improved sugarcane productivity with tillage and trash management practices in semi arid tropical agroecosystem in India. Soil and Tillage
Research, 158, 10–21, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.20 15.10.009.
Surendran, U., Ramasubramoniam, S., Raja, P., Kumar, V. & Murugappan, V., (2016b).Budgeting of major nutrients and the mitigation options for nutrient mining in semi arid tropical agroecosystem of Tamil Nadu, India using NUTMON model. Environment and Monitoring and Assessment, 188 (4), 1–17.
Tayade, A. S., Bhaskaran. A & Anusha, S. (2019). IPNS-STCR based Nutrient management modules for enhancing soil health, fertilizer-use efficiency, productivity and profitability of tropical Indian sugarcane plant-ratoon agro-ecosystem. Sugar Technology, 22(2),1-10
Udawatta. P. Ranjith, Robert J. Kremerc, Brandon W. Adamsona & Stephen H. Anderson (2008). Variations in soil aggregate stability and enzyme activities in a temperate agroforestry practice. Applied Soil Ecology, 39, 153–160
Walkley A. J. & Black, I.A. (1934) Estimation of soil organic carbon by the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37, 29-38.
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Assessment of compatibility of intercrops in Dalbergia sissoo based Hortisilvicultural system in Mondipatty, Manapparai block of Trichy district, Tamil Nadu. (2022). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 14(1), 94-101. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v14i1.3250
