Occurrence of phthirapteran ectoparasite parasitizing on domestic dogs, Canis familiaris (Linne) in Jaunpur district (U.P.)
Article Main
Abstract
Only two species of biting louse, Heterodoxus spiniger (Enderlein) (43.27%) and Trichodectes canis (De Geer) (13.47%) have been recorded from 245 dogs examined in twelve different localities in Jaunpur district during 2009 to 2011. Female dogs were found most prevalent in comparison to the male in both the cases. Different parameters like host sex, hair colour, hygienic condition, health and age group have been taken into the consideration during the survey. Older age groups, unhealthy and unhygienic condition of dogs were found more prone for the lice. In case of relative intensity of lice 38% were found moderately infested with H. spiniger while 23% and 16% were very light and light infested. Only 12% could be recorded heavy infested dog while 8% remained very heavy infested. Similar trends were recorded for T. canis where moderate infestation followed by very light, light, heavy and very heavy infestation respectively. Besides these two lice, some other ectoparasites (ticks, mites and fleas) (5.31%) were also recorded casually but not used the data for prevalence.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Phthiraptera, Dog lice, Occurrence, Heterodoxus spiniger, Trichodectes canis
References
Agarwal, G.P., Chandra, S. and Saxena, A.K. (1982). Feeding habits of dog ouse, Heterodoxus spiniger (End.) (Mallophaga: Amblycera). Journal of Applied Entomology, 94(2): 134-137.
Agbolado, O.M., Soetan, E.O., Awesu, A.,Ojo, J.A., Somoye, O.J. and Raufu, S.T. (2008). Ectoparasites of domestic dogs in some Ijebu Communities, Southwest Nigeria. World Applied Science Journal, 3(6): 916-920.
Aldemir, O.S. (2007). Epidemiological study of ectoparasites in dogs from Erzurum region in Turkey. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire, 158(3): 148-151.
Amin, O.M. and Madbouly, M.H. (1973). Distribution and seasonal dynamics of a tick, a louse fly, and a louse infesting dogs in the Nile valley and delta of Egypt. J. Med. Ent., 10: 295-298.
Askew, R.R. (1971). Parasitic insects. London (Heineman Educational Books).
Badr, V. Stefan, P. and Preisler, J. (2005). Trichodectes canis (De Geer, 1778) (Phthiraptera, Ischnocera), a new ectoparasite of the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in the Czech Republic. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 51(2): 133-135.
Bahrami, A.M. and Delpisheh, A. (2010). Common ectoparasites species of domestic dogs in western Iran. World Applied Science Journal, 8(10): 1277-1281.
Beaucouru, J.C., Jouan, R. and Menier, K. (2001). Ectoparasite insects of the dog in Laos. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire, 152: 77-82.
Beck, W., Boch, K., Mackensen, H., Wiegand, B. and Pfis ter, K. (2006). Qualitative and quantitative observations on the flea population dynamics of dogs and cats in several areas of Germany. Veterinary Parasitology Journal, 137(1-2): 130-136.
Bedford, G.A.H. (1932). Trichodectidae (Mallophaga) parasitic on Procaviidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, (3): 709-730.
Bermudez, S.C. and Miranda, R.C. (2011). Distribution of ectoparasites of canis lupus familiaris L. (Carnivora: Canidae) from Panama. Rev. MVZ Cordoba, 16(1): 2274-2282.
Bouvier, G. (1945). De’l haemophagie de quelques Mallophages des animaux domestques. Schqeiz. Arch. Tierheilk., 87: 429-434.
Changbunjong, T., Buddhirongawatr, R., Suwanpakdee, S., Siengsanan, J., Yongyuttawichai, P., Cheewajorn, K., Jangjaras, J., Sangloung, C. and Ratanakorn, P. (2009). A survey of ectoparasitic arthropods on domestic animals in Tak pronince, Thailand. Southwest Asian Journal of Tropical Medecine and Public Health, 40(3): 435-442.
Chee, J.H., Kwon, J.K., Cho, H.S., Cho, K.O., Lee, Y.J. and El-Aty, A.M.A. (2008). A survey of ectoparasites infestation in stray dogs of Gwang-ju-City, Republic of Korea. Korean Journal of Parasitology, 46(1): 23-27.
Craufurd-Benson, H.J. (1941). The cattle lice of Great Britain. Part I. Biology with special reference to Haematopinus eurysturnus. Parasitology, 33 : 331-358.
Crystal, M.M. (1949). A descriptive of the life history stages of the dog biting louse, Trichodectes canis (DeGeer) (Mallophaga: Trichodectidae). Bull. Brooklyn Entomol. Soc. (Brooklyn), 44: 89-97.
Durden, L.A., Judy, T.N., Martin, J.E. and Spedding, L.S. (2005). Fleas parasitizing domestic dogs in Georgia, U.S.A.: Species composition and seasonal abundance. Veterinary Parasitology., 130(1-2): 157-162.
Ewing, H. (1936). The taxonomy of the mallophagan family Trichodectidae, with special reference to the new world fauna. Journal of Parasitology., 22(3): 233-246.
Goel, N.K., Rawat, B.S. and Saxena, A.K. (1990). Incidence of phthirapteran infestation upon the dogs of Dehradun. J. Zool. Res., 3(1): 19-23.
Gonzalez, A.; Castro, D.D.C. and Gonzalez, S. (2004). Ectoparasitic species from Canis familiaris (Linne) in Buenos Aires province, Argentina. Veterinary Parasitology., 120(1-2): 123-129.
Gonzalez-Acuna, D., Briceno, C., Cicchino, A., Funk, S. and Jimenez, J. (2007). First records of Trichodectes canis (Insecta : Phthiraptera : Trichodectidae) from Darwin’s fox, Ps eudolopex fulvipes (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae). European Journal of Wildlife Research., 53(1): 76-79.
Gracia, M.J., Calvete, C., Estruda, R., Castillo, J.A., Peribanez, M.A. and Lucientes, J. (2008). Fleas paras itizing domestic dogs in Spain. Veterinary Parasitology., 151(2-4): 312-319.
Hewitt, M., Walton, G.S. and Waterhouse, M. (1971). Pet animal infestation and human skin lesions. Nr. J. Dermatol., 85(3): 215-225.
Iwuala, M.O.E. and Okpala, I. (1978). Studies on the ectoparasitic fauna of Nigerian livestock II: Seasonal infestations rates. Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources, (26(4): 351-359.
Jamshidi, S., Maazi, N., Ranjbar-Bahadori, S., Rezaei, M., Morakabsaz, P. and Hosseininejad, M. (2012). A survey of ectoparasite infestation in dogs in Tehran, Iran. Revista Brasileira de Parasitology Veterinaria, 21(3): 326-329.
Kumsa, B.E. and Mekonnen, S. (2011). Ixodid ticks, fleas and lice infesting dogs and cats in Hawassa, southern Ethiopia. Onderstepoort Journal of Veteinary Research, 78(1): 326-330.
Marshall, A.G. (1981). The ecology of ectoparasitic insects. Academic Press, London. 459.
Mech, L., Thiel, R., Fritts, S. and Berg, W. (1985). Presence and effects of the dog lous e Trichodectes canis (Mallophaga, Trichodectidae) on Wolves and Coyotes from Mennesota and Wisconsis. American Midland Naturalist, 114(2): 404-405.
Nithikathkul, C., Polseela, R., Iamsa Ard, J., Wongsawad, C. and Jittapalapong, S.A. (2005). A study of ectoparasites of Canis lupus familiaris in Mueang district, Khon Kaen, Thailand. Southwest Asian Journal of Tropical Medecine and Public Health, 36(S-4): 149-151.
Norhidayu, S., Mohd Zain, S.N., Jeffery, J. and Lewis, J.W. (2012). The dog louse Heterodoxus spiniger from stray cats in Penang, Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine, 29(2): 301-303.
Nuchjangreed, C. and Somprasong, W. (2007). Ectoparasite species found on domestic dogs from Pattaya district, Chon Buri province, Thailand. Southwest Asian Journal of Tropical Medecine and Public Health, 38(S-1): 203-207.
Sehwartz, C., Stephenson, R. and Wilson, N. (1983). Trichodectes canis on the Gray Wolf and Coyote on Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Disease, 19(4): 372-373.
Shourijeh, S.J., Ghasrodashti, A.R.,Tamadon, A., Moghaddar, N. and Behzadi, M.A. (2008). Seasonal frequency of ectoparasites infestation in dogs from Zhiraz, Southern Iran. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science, 32(4): 309-313.
Torres, F.D. and Figueredo, L.A. (2007). Heterodoxus spiniger (Enderlein, 1909) on domestic dogs (Canis familiaris, L. 1758) from the city of Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science, 44(2): 77-80.
Wall, R. and Shearer, D. (2001). Veterinary ectoparasites: Biology, pathology and control, 2nd ed. Blackwell Sciences Ltd, Oxford London Press.
Wells, K., Beaucournu, J.C., Durden, L.A., Petney, T.N., Lokim, M.B. and O’Hara, R.B. (2012). Ectoparasitic dogs in suburban and rural areas in Borneo. Parasitol. Res., 111: 909-919.
Xhaxhiu, D., Kusi, I., Rapti, D., Visser, M., Knaus, M. and Lindner, T. (2009). Ectoparasites of dogs and cats in Albania. Parasitological Research, 105(6): 1577-1587.
Agbolado, O.M., Soetan, E.O., Awesu, A.,Ojo, J.A., Somoye, O.J. and Raufu, S.T. (2008). Ectoparasites of domestic dogs in some Ijebu Communities, Southwest Nigeria. World Applied Science Journal, 3(6): 916-920.
Aldemir, O.S. (2007). Epidemiological study of ectoparasites in dogs from Erzurum region in Turkey. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire, 158(3): 148-151.
Amin, O.M. and Madbouly, M.H. (1973). Distribution and seasonal dynamics of a tick, a louse fly, and a louse infesting dogs in the Nile valley and delta of Egypt. J. Med. Ent., 10: 295-298.
Askew, R.R. (1971). Parasitic insects. London (Heineman Educational Books).
Badr, V. Stefan, P. and Preisler, J. (2005). Trichodectes canis (De Geer, 1778) (Phthiraptera, Ischnocera), a new ectoparasite of the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in the Czech Republic. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 51(2): 133-135.
Bahrami, A.M. and Delpisheh, A. (2010). Common ectoparasites species of domestic dogs in western Iran. World Applied Science Journal, 8(10): 1277-1281.
Beaucouru, J.C., Jouan, R. and Menier, K. (2001). Ectoparasite insects of the dog in Laos. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire, 152: 77-82.
Beck, W., Boch, K., Mackensen, H., Wiegand, B. and Pfis ter, K. (2006). Qualitative and quantitative observations on the flea population dynamics of dogs and cats in several areas of Germany. Veterinary Parasitology Journal, 137(1-2): 130-136.
Bedford, G.A.H. (1932). Trichodectidae (Mallophaga) parasitic on Procaviidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, (3): 709-730.
Bermudez, S.C. and Miranda, R.C. (2011). Distribution of ectoparasites of canis lupus familiaris L. (Carnivora: Canidae) from Panama. Rev. MVZ Cordoba, 16(1): 2274-2282.
Bouvier, G. (1945). De’l haemophagie de quelques Mallophages des animaux domestques. Schqeiz. Arch. Tierheilk., 87: 429-434.
Changbunjong, T., Buddhirongawatr, R., Suwanpakdee, S., Siengsanan, J., Yongyuttawichai, P., Cheewajorn, K., Jangjaras, J., Sangloung, C. and Ratanakorn, P. (2009). A survey of ectoparasitic arthropods on domestic animals in Tak pronince, Thailand. Southwest Asian Journal of Tropical Medecine and Public Health, 40(3): 435-442.
Chee, J.H., Kwon, J.K., Cho, H.S., Cho, K.O., Lee, Y.J. and El-Aty, A.M.A. (2008). A survey of ectoparasites infestation in stray dogs of Gwang-ju-City, Republic of Korea. Korean Journal of Parasitology, 46(1): 23-27.
Craufurd-Benson, H.J. (1941). The cattle lice of Great Britain. Part I. Biology with special reference to Haematopinus eurysturnus. Parasitology, 33 : 331-358.
Crystal, M.M. (1949). A descriptive of the life history stages of the dog biting louse, Trichodectes canis (DeGeer) (Mallophaga: Trichodectidae). Bull. Brooklyn Entomol. Soc. (Brooklyn), 44: 89-97.
Durden, L.A., Judy, T.N., Martin, J.E. and Spedding, L.S. (2005). Fleas parasitizing domestic dogs in Georgia, U.S.A.: Species composition and seasonal abundance. Veterinary Parasitology., 130(1-2): 157-162.
Ewing, H. (1936). The taxonomy of the mallophagan family Trichodectidae, with special reference to the new world fauna. Journal of Parasitology., 22(3): 233-246.
Goel, N.K., Rawat, B.S. and Saxena, A.K. (1990). Incidence of phthirapteran infestation upon the dogs of Dehradun. J. Zool. Res., 3(1): 19-23.
Gonzalez, A.; Castro, D.D.C. and Gonzalez, S. (2004). Ectoparasitic species from Canis familiaris (Linne) in Buenos Aires province, Argentina. Veterinary Parasitology., 120(1-2): 123-129.
Gonzalez-Acuna, D., Briceno, C., Cicchino, A., Funk, S. and Jimenez, J. (2007). First records of Trichodectes canis (Insecta : Phthiraptera : Trichodectidae) from Darwin’s fox, Ps eudolopex fulvipes (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae). European Journal of Wildlife Research., 53(1): 76-79.
Gracia, M.J., Calvete, C., Estruda, R., Castillo, J.A., Peribanez, M.A. and Lucientes, J. (2008). Fleas paras itizing domestic dogs in Spain. Veterinary Parasitology., 151(2-4): 312-319.
Hewitt, M., Walton, G.S. and Waterhouse, M. (1971). Pet animal infestation and human skin lesions. Nr. J. Dermatol., 85(3): 215-225.
Iwuala, M.O.E. and Okpala, I. (1978). Studies on the ectoparasitic fauna of Nigerian livestock II: Seasonal infestations rates. Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources, (26(4): 351-359.
Jamshidi, S., Maazi, N., Ranjbar-Bahadori, S., Rezaei, M., Morakabsaz, P. and Hosseininejad, M. (2012). A survey of ectoparasite infestation in dogs in Tehran, Iran. Revista Brasileira de Parasitology Veterinaria, 21(3): 326-329.
Kumsa, B.E. and Mekonnen, S. (2011). Ixodid ticks, fleas and lice infesting dogs and cats in Hawassa, southern Ethiopia. Onderstepoort Journal of Veteinary Research, 78(1): 326-330.
Marshall, A.G. (1981). The ecology of ectoparasitic insects. Academic Press, London. 459.
Mech, L., Thiel, R., Fritts, S. and Berg, W. (1985). Presence and effects of the dog lous e Trichodectes canis (Mallophaga, Trichodectidae) on Wolves and Coyotes from Mennesota and Wisconsis. American Midland Naturalist, 114(2): 404-405.
Nithikathkul, C., Polseela, R., Iamsa Ard, J., Wongsawad, C. and Jittapalapong, S.A. (2005). A study of ectoparasites of Canis lupus familiaris in Mueang district, Khon Kaen, Thailand. Southwest Asian Journal of Tropical Medecine and Public Health, 36(S-4): 149-151.
Norhidayu, S., Mohd Zain, S.N., Jeffery, J. and Lewis, J.W. (2012). The dog louse Heterodoxus spiniger from stray cats in Penang, Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine, 29(2): 301-303.
Nuchjangreed, C. and Somprasong, W. (2007). Ectoparasite species found on domestic dogs from Pattaya district, Chon Buri province, Thailand. Southwest Asian Journal of Tropical Medecine and Public Health, 38(S-1): 203-207.
Sehwartz, C., Stephenson, R. and Wilson, N. (1983). Trichodectes canis on the Gray Wolf and Coyote on Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Disease, 19(4): 372-373.
Shourijeh, S.J., Ghasrodashti, A.R.,Tamadon, A., Moghaddar, N. and Behzadi, M.A. (2008). Seasonal frequency of ectoparasites infestation in dogs from Zhiraz, Southern Iran. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science, 32(4): 309-313.
Torres, F.D. and Figueredo, L.A. (2007). Heterodoxus spiniger (Enderlein, 1909) on domestic dogs (Canis familiaris, L. 1758) from the city of Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science, 44(2): 77-80.
Wall, R. and Shearer, D. (2001). Veterinary ectoparasites: Biology, pathology and control, 2nd ed. Blackwell Sciences Ltd, Oxford London Press.
Wells, K., Beaucournu, J.C., Durden, L.A., Petney, T.N., Lokim, M.B. and O’Hara, R.B. (2012). Ectoparasitic dogs in suburban and rural areas in Borneo. Parasitol. Res., 111: 909-919.
Xhaxhiu, D., Kusi, I., Rapti, D., Visser, M., Knaus, M. and Lindner, T. (2009). Ectoparasites of dogs and cats in Albania. Parasitological Research, 105(6): 1577-1587.
Issue
Section
Research Articles
This work is licensed under Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) © Author (s)
How to Cite
Occurrence of phthirapteran ectoparasite parasitizing on domestic dogs, Canis familiaris (Linne) in Jaunpur district (U.P.). (2013). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 5(1), 207-212. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v5i1.307
