Phytotoxic effect of chrome liquor on growth and chlorophyll content of Spirodela polyrrhiza L. Schleid
Article Main
Abstract
The present study assessed the tolerance of Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid (giant duckweed) exposed to different concentrations (5% -100%) of chrome liquor for 7 days. Physiological conditions of S.polyrrhizaplants were monitored daily by measuring fresh weight and chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b. Fresh biomass of Spirodela plant showed concentration and duration dependent reduction with minimum value (5.71 g) reported on 7 d at 100% tannery effluent concentration. Likewise, significant reduction in chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b content was
observed in concentration-duration dependent manner with maximum reduction reported to be 99.8% and 99.6% respectively on 7 d at 100% effluent concentration in comparison to control.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Chlorophyll, Chrome liquor, Spirodela, Tannery, Toxicity
References
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Vajpayee, P., Tripathi, R.D., Rai, U.N., Ali, M.B. and Singh, S.N. (2000). Chromium (VI) accumulation reduces chlorophyll biosynthesis, nitrate reductase activity and protein content in Nymphaea alba L. Chemosphere,41: 1075-1082.
Bajza, Z. and Vrcek, I.V. (2001).Water quality analysis of mixtures obtained from tannery waste effluents. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 50 (1): 15–18.
Calheiros, C.S.C., Rangel, A.O.S.S. and Castro, P.M.L. (2008). The effects of tannery wastewater on the development of different plant species and chromium accumulation in Phragmites australis. Arch. Environ. Contam.Toxicol. 55: 404–414.
Chandra, P. and Kulshreshtha, K. (2004).Chromium accumulation and toxicity in aquatic vascular plants. Botan. Rev. 70: 313–327.
Chen, A. and Nelands, J.B. (1973). Zinc an essential metal ion for beef liver ä-ALA dehydratase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 1060-1063.
Dhir, B., Sharmila, P., PardhaSaradhi, P. and Nasim, S.A. (2009). Physiological and antioxidant responses of Salvinia natans exposed to chromium-rich wastewater. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 72: 1790–1797.
Hafez, A. and El-Manharawy, S. (2004).Design and performance of the two-stage/two-pass RO membrane system for chromium removal from tannery wastewater. Part3.Desalination, 165: 141–151.
Keskitalo, J., Bergquist, G., Gardeström, P. and Jansson, S., (2005).A cellular timetable of autumn senescence.Plant Physiol. 139: 1635-1648.
Kuczynska , A . ,Wolska , L . and Namieoenik , J . (2005).Application of biotests in environmental research.Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem., 35: 135-154.
Lai, Q.X., Bao, Z.Y., Zhu, Z.J., Qian, Q.Q. and Mao, B.Z. (2007). Effects of osmotic stress on antioxidant enzymes activities in leaf discs of PSAG12-IPT modified gerbera. Journal of Zhejiang University Science,8(7): 458–464.
Malaviya, P. and Sharma, A. (2011). Effect of distillery effluent on yield attributes of Brassica napus L. J. Environ. Biol., 32: 385-389.
Malaviya, P. and Singh, A. (2011).Physico-chemical technologies for remediation of chromium-containing waters and wastewaters.Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol., 41: 1111-1172.
Mwinyihija, M., Meharg, A., Dawson, J., Strachan N.J.C.and Killham, K. (2006). An ecotoxicological approach to assessing the impact of tanning industry effluent on river health. Arch. Environ. Contam.Toxicol., 50: 316-324.
Neocleous, D. and Minas, G.J. (2007). An in-vitro test for salt (NaCl) tolerance of red raspberry (Rubusidaeus L.) cultures. Acta Hort., 741: 289-294.
Prado, C., Rodríguez-Montelongo, L., González, J.A., Pagano, E.A., Hilal, M. and Prado, F. E. (2010). Uptake of chromium by Salvinia minima: Effect on plant growth, leaf respiration and carbohydrate metabolism. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 177: 546–553.
Satyakala, G. and Jamil, K. (1992). Chromium induced biochemical changes in Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) Solms. and Pistia stratiotes L. Bull. Environ. Contam.Toxicol., 48: 921–928.
Shanker, A.K., Cervantes, C., Loza-Tavera, H. and Avudainayagam, S. (2005). Chromium toxicity in plants. Environ. Int., 31: 739-753.
Sinha, S., Saxena, R. and Singh, S. (2002). Comparative studies on accumulation of Cr from metal solution and tannery effluent under repeated metal exposure by aquatic plants: Its toxic effects. Environ. Monit. Assess., 80: 17-31.
Tahir, S.S. and Naseem, R. (2007). Removal of Cr(III) from tannery waste water by adsorption onto bentonite clay. Separation and Purification Technology, 53: 312–321.
Vajpayee, P., Rai, U.N., Ali, M.B., Tripathi, R.D., Yadav, V., Sinha, S. and Singh, S.N. (2001). Chromium-induced physiologic changes in Vallisneriaspiralis L. and its role in phytoremediation of tannery effluent. Bull. Environ. Contam.Toxicol., 67: 246-256.
Vajpayee, P., Tripathi, R.D., Rai, U.N., Ali, M.B. and Singh, S.N. (2000). Chromium (VI) accumulation reduces chlorophyll biosynthesis, nitrate reductase activity and protein content in Nymphaea alba L. Chemosphere,41: 1075-1082.
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How to Cite
Phytotoxic effect of chrome liquor on growth and chlorophyll content of Spirodela polyrrhiza L. Schleid. (2013). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 5(1), 165-170. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v5i1.301
