Physicochemical and antibacterial activities of Apis honey types derived from Coorg, Karnataka, India
Article Main
Abstract
Natural honey has various ingredients in it that contribute to its incredible properties. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the physicochemical and antibacterial activity of various Apis honey from Coorg, Karnataka. Four samples of Apis honey viz., A. florea, A. mellifera, A. cerana and A. dorsata were collected from various regions of Coorg, Karnataka. The honey samples' physicochemical properties and antibacterial activities against Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus sp were determined in vitro. The moisture and ash content varied from 13.6 - 17.2% and 0.32 – 0.49%, respectively. Hydroxy methyl furfurals) content of A. dorsata honey samples was highest with 9.2±0.5 mg/Kg and least was recorded with 6.8±0.4 mg/Kg for A. florae honey. The reducing sugar content of A. florea honey sample was highest with 87.5±3.2 (%) and the peroxide levels were in the range of 10.2 – 14.9 µg/g/h at 20°C. The antibacterial assay revealed that S. aureus, Enterococcus sp and Streptococcus sp were most susceptible against the honey varieties tested and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values between 25-6.5 (%v/v) were determined. In conclusion, honey varieties from Coorg could be used in specific antibacterial prophylaxis as the activity depends on the honey bee species, their metabolism and floral sources in specific geographical regions.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Apis honey, Coorg, Antibacterial, Peroxide, Physicochemical
References
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Carnwath, R., Graham, E., Reynolds, K. & Pollock, P. (2014). The antimicrobial activity of honey against common equine wound bacterial isolates. Vet. J., 199, 110-114
Cebrero, G., Sanhueza, O., Pezoa, M., Baez, M.E., Martínez, J., Baez, M. & Fuentes, E. (2020). Relationship among the minor constituents, antibacterial activity and geographical origin of honey: A multifactor perspective. Food Chemistry, 126296. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126296
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Hussain M.B. (2018). Role of honey in topical and systemic bacterial infections. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.), 24, 15–24.DOI: 10.1089/acm.2017.0017
Hussain, M.B., Hannan, A., Akhtar, N., Fayyaz, G.Q., Imran, M., Saleem, S. & Quereshi, I.A. (2015). Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of selected Pakistani honeys against multidrug resistant Salmonella typhi.BMC Complement Altern Med 15,32. DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0549-z
Jenkins, R., Burton, N. & Cooper, R. (2014). Proteomic and genomic analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) exposed to manuka honey in vitro demonstrated down-regulation of virulence markers. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 69, 603-615.DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt430
Jyothi, J.V.A. (2006). Physicochemical analysis of honey of different honeybees, Apis cerana, Apis dorsata, Apis mellifera and Apis florea. J. Ent. Res.30, 43-45.
Kerkvliet, J.D. (1996). Screening method for the determination of peroxide accumulation in honey and relation with HMF content. Journal of Apicultural Research. 35, 110–117. DOI: 10.1080/00218839.1996.11100920
Kwakman, P.H., te Velde, A.A., de Boer, L., Speijer, D., Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C.M. & Zaat, S.A. (2010). How honey kills bacteria. FASEB Journal: Official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 24,2576–2582. DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-150789
Lu, J., Turnbull, L., Burke, C.M., Liu, M. Carter, D.A., Schlothauer, R.C., Whitchurch, C.B. & harry, E.J. (2014). Manuka-type honeys can eradicate biofilms produced by Staphylococcus aureus strains with different biofilm-forming abilities. PeerJ, 2, e326. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.326
Lusby, P.E., Coombes, A.L. & Wilkinson, J.M. (2005). Bactericidal activity of different honeys against pathogenic bacteria. Archives of Medical Research, 36, 464-467.DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.03.038
Manyi-Loh, C.E., Clarke, A.M., Munzhelele, T., Green, E., Mkwetshana, N.F. & Ndip, R.N. (2010). Selected South African honeys and their extracts possess in vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. Archives of Medical Research, 41, 324-331.DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2010.08.002
Matzen, R.D., Leth-Espensen, J.Z., Jansson, T., Nielsen, D.S., Lund, M.N. & Matzen, S. (2018). The antibacterial effect in vitro of honey derived from various Danish flora. Dermatology Research and Practice, 2018, Article ID 7021713, 10 pages, DOI: 10.1155/2018/7021713
Mohan, A., Quek, S.Y., Gutierrez-Maddox, N., Gao, Y. &Shu, Q. (2017). Effect of honey in improving the gut microbial balance, Food Qual. Saf. 1, 107–115. DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7870-4
Molan, P.C. (1992). The antibacterial nature of honey. The nature of the antibacterial activity. Bee World. 73,5–28.
Nayaka, N.M.D.M.W., Fidrianny, I., Sukrasno, Hartati, R., & Singgih, M. (2020). Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of multiflora honey extracts from Indonesian Apis cerana bee. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences. 15, 211-217. DOI; 10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.04.005
Patton, T., Barrett, J., Brennan, J.& Moran, N. (2006). Use of a spectrophotometric bioassay for determination of microbial sensitivity to manuka honey. J Microbiol Methods. 64, 84–95.DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2005.04.007
Qui, P.Y., Ding, H.B. Tang, Y.K. & Xu, R.J. (1999). Determination of Chemical Composition of Commercial honey by near infrared spectroscopy. J. Agric. Food Chem.47, 2760- 2765. DOI: 10.1021/jf9811368
Sanz, M.L., Polemis, N., Morales, V., Corzo, N., Drakoularakou, A., Gibson, G.R. & Rastall, R.A. (2005). In vitro investigation into the potential prebiotic activity of honey oligosaccharides.J.Agric. Food Chem. 53,2914–2921. DOI: 10.1021/jf0500684
Simon, A., Traynor, K., Santos, K., Blaser, G., Bode, U.& Molan, P. (2009). Medical honey for wound care--still the 'latest resort'? Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 6, 165-173. DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem175.
Weston, R.J. (2000). The contribution of catalase and other natural products to the antibacterial activity of honey: a review. Food Chemistry. 71, 235–239. DOI: 10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00162-X
White, J.W. (1977). Specific determination of sucrose in honey. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 60, 669–672.DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/60.3.669
White, J.W. (1979). Spectrophotometric method for hydroxymethyl furfural in honey. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 62, 509–514.DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/62.3.509
Albaridi, N.A. (2019). Antibacterial potency of honey. International Journal of Microbiology, 2464507. DOI: 10.1155/2019/2464507
Al-Masaudi, S.B. (2020). The antibacterial activities of honey. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 28, 2188-2196. DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.017
Al-Masaudi, S.B., Al-Nahari, A.A.M., Abd El-Ghany, E.S.M., Barbour, E., Al Muhayawi, S.M., Al-Jaouni, S., Azhar, E., Qari, M., Qari, Y.A. & Harakeh, S., (2017). Antimicrobial effect of different types of honey on Staphylococcus aureus. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 24, 1255–1261. DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.08.007
Al-Masaudi, S.B., Hussain, M.B., Al-Maaqar, S.M., Al Jaouni, S. & Harakeh, S. (2020). In vitro antibacterial activity of honey against multidrug-resistant Shigella sonnei. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 41, 101257. DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101257
Anand, S., Deighton, M., Livanos, G., Morrison, P.D., Pang, E.C.K. & Mantri, N. (2019). Antimicrobial activity of Agastache honey and characterization of its bioactive compounds in comparison with important commercial honeys. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00263
Anthimidou, E. & Mossialos D. (2013). Antibacterial activity of Greek and Cypriot honeys against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in comparison to manuka honey. Journal of Medicinal Food. 16, 42–47.DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0042
Badawy, O.F., Shafii, S.S., Tharwat, E.E. & Kamal, A.M. (2012). Antibacterial activity of bee honey and its therapeutic usefulness against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium infection. Rev Sci Tech. 23,1011-1022.DOI: 10.20506/rst.23.3.1543
Blair, S.E., Cokcetin, N.N., Harry, E.J. & Carter, D.A. (2009). The unusual antibacterial activity of medical-grade Leptospermum honey: Antibacterial spectrum, resistance and transcriptome analysis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 28, 1199–1208. DOI: 10.1007/s10096-009-0763-z
Bogdanov, S. (1997). Nature and origin of the antibacterial substances in Honey, LWT- Food Science and Technology l¸ 30, 748-753. DOI: 10.1006/fstl.1997.0259
Bogdanov, S., Ruoff, K.& Oddo, L.P. (2004). Physicochemical methods for the characterization of unifloral honeys: a review, Apidologie, 35, S4–S17.DOI:10.1051/apido:2004047
Bogdanov, S., Lullman, C. & Martin, P. (1999). Honey Quality and international regulatory standards. Review of the work of the International Honey Commission, Mitt. Gebiete Lebensm. Hyg. 90,108-125. DOI: 10.1080/0005772X.1999.11099428
Carnwath, R., Graham, E., Reynolds, K. & Pollock, P. (2014). The antimicrobial activity of honey against common equine wound bacterial isolates. Vet. J., 199, 110-114
Cebrero, G., Sanhueza, O., Pezoa, M., Baez, M.E., Martínez, J., Baez, M. & Fuentes, E. (2020). Relationship among the minor constituents, antibacterial activity and geographical origin of honey: A multifactor perspective. Food Chemistry, 126296. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126296
Cooper, R.A., Molan, P.C. & Harding, K.G. (2002). The sensitivity to honey of Gram-positive cocci clinical significance isolated from wounds. J. Appl. Microbiol. 93, 857-863. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01761.x
Haniyeh, K., Seyyed, M.S. & Hussein, M. (2010). Preliminary study on the antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants of Khuzestan (Iran). Asian Pac J Trop Med. 3, 180–184.DOI: 10.1016/S1995-7645(10)60004-1
Hussain M.B. (2018). Role of honey in topical and systemic bacterial infections. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.), 24, 15–24.DOI: 10.1089/acm.2017.0017
Hussain, M.B., Hannan, A., Akhtar, N., Fayyaz, G.Q., Imran, M., Saleem, S. & Quereshi, I.A. (2015). Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of selected Pakistani honeys against multidrug resistant Salmonella typhi.BMC Complement Altern Med 15,32. DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0549-z
Jenkins, R., Burton, N. & Cooper, R. (2014). Proteomic and genomic analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) exposed to manuka honey in vitro demonstrated down-regulation of virulence markers. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 69, 603-615.DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt430
Jyothi, J.V.A. (2006). Physicochemical analysis of honey of different honeybees, Apis cerana, Apis dorsata, Apis mellifera and Apis florea. J. Ent. Res.30, 43-45.
Kerkvliet, J.D. (1996). Screening method for the determination of peroxide accumulation in honey and relation with HMF content. Journal of Apicultural Research. 35, 110–117. DOI: 10.1080/00218839.1996.11100920
Kwakman, P.H., te Velde, A.A., de Boer, L., Speijer, D., Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C.M. & Zaat, S.A. (2010). How honey kills bacteria. FASEB Journal: Official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 24,2576–2582. DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-150789
Lu, J., Turnbull, L., Burke, C.M., Liu, M. Carter, D.A., Schlothauer, R.C., Whitchurch, C.B. & harry, E.J. (2014). Manuka-type honeys can eradicate biofilms produced by Staphylococcus aureus strains with different biofilm-forming abilities. PeerJ, 2, e326. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.326
Lusby, P.E., Coombes, A.L. & Wilkinson, J.M. (2005). Bactericidal activity of different honeys against pathogenic bacteria. Archives of Medical Research, 36, 464-467.DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.03.038
Manyi-Loh, C.E., Clarke, A.M., Munzhelele, T., Green, E., Mkwetshana, N.F. & Ndip, R.N. (2010). Selected South African honeys and their extracts possess in vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. Archives of Medical Research, 41, 324-331.DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2010.08.002
Matzen, R.D., Leth-Espensen, J.Z., Jansson, T., Nielsen, D.S., Lund, M.N. & Matzen, S. (2018). The antibacterial effect in vitro of honey derived from various Danish flora. Dermatology Research and Practice, 2018, Article ID 7021713, 10 pages, DOI: 10.1155/2018/7021713
Mohan, A., Quek, S.Y., Gutierrez-Maddox, N., Gao, Y. &Shu, Q. (2017). Effect of honey in improving the gut microbial balance, Food Qual. Saf. 1, 107–115. DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7870-4
Molan, P.C. (1992). The antibacterial nature of honey. The nature of the antibacterial activity. Bee World. 73,5–28.
Nayaka, N.M.D.M.W., Fidrianny, I., Sukrasno, Hartati, R., & Singgih, M. (2020). Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of multiflora honey extracts from Indonesian Apis cerana bee. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences. 15, 211-217. DOI; 10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.04.005
Patton, T., Barrett, J., Brennan, J.& Moran, N. (2006). Use of a spectrophotometric bioassay for determination of microbial sensitivity to manuka honey. J Microbiol Methods. 64, 84–95.DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2005.04.007
Qui, P.Y., Ding, H.B. Tang, Y.K. & Xu, R.J. (1999). Determination of Chemical Composition of Commercial honey by near infrared spectroscopy. J. Agric. Food Chem.47, 2760- 2765. DOI: 10.1021/jf9811368
Sanz, M.L., Polemis, N., Morales, V., Corzo, N., Drakoularakou, A., Gibson, G.R. & Rastall, R.A. (2005). In vitro investigation into the potential prebiotic activity of honey oligosaccharides.J.Agric. Food Chem. 53,2914–2921. DOI: 10.1021/jf0500684
Simon, A., Traynor, K., Santos, K., Blaser, G., Bode, U.& Molan, P. (2009). Medical honey for wound care--still the 'latest resort'? Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 6, 165-173. DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem175.
Weston, R.J. (2000). The contribution of catalase and other natural products to the antibacterial activity of honey: a review. Food Chemistry. 71, 235–239. DOI: 10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00162-X
White, J.W. (1977). Specific determination of sucrose in honey. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 60, 669–672.DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/60.3.669
White, J.W. (1979). Spectrophotometric method for hydroxymethyl furfural in honey. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 62, 509–514.DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/62.3.509
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Physicochemical and antibacterial activities of Apis honey types derived from Coorg, Karnataka, India . (2021). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 13(2), 729-734. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v13i2.2710
