Article Main

Avijit Kar Deep Sankar Chini Manojit Bhattacharya Bidhan Chandra Patra Shampa Patra Jayanta Kumar Saha

Abstract

Freshwater fishes are not only a major source of protein but they also possess nutritionally valuable lipids in the form of Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which play a crucial role in the normal growth, disease prevention, development, cardiovascular health and reproduction of human. The present study was performed to determine the incorporation rate of fatty acids profile and their composition in two common freshwater carps as Gibelion catla and Cirrhinus mrigala (in situ trial and experimental) in the different experimental time period (0 days, i.e. initial, 90 days and 180 days) by using of value added feed like flaxseed (?-linolenic acids, 51.26% – 54.94%) and soybean oil (?-linolenic acids, 7.95%-9.01%) as omega-3 supplements. To determine the specific growth pattern Length-Weight Relationships (LWRs) are analyzed where it showed positive allometric growth (b=3.20 in 90 days, b=3.11 in 180 days for Catla and b=3.18 in 90 days, b=3.1 in 180 days for Mrigala fish). The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) method also confirmed that the percentages of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) increased significantly (P< 0.05) in experimental (0.096a±0.41, initial; 5.16a±0.27, 90 days; 6.21b±0.36, 180 days Catla fish species and 0.019a±0.96 initial; 3.74b±0.37, 90 days; 3.50a±0.46 180 days for Mrigal fish species) fishes rather than controls (4.28a±0.27, 90 days; 4.36b±0.36, 180 days for Catla species and 2.24b±0.31 90 days; 2.50a±0.11 180 days for Mrigal species). Therefore, it was clearly indicated that formulated diet performed significantly to maintain the positive allometric growth as well as successive enrichment of PUFAs in experimental specimens, which is beneficial for human health as high source of protein and PUFAs as well.

Article Details

Article Details

Keywords

Comparative study, Cirrhinus sp., Fatty acids profile, Gibelion sp., Value added fish feed

References
Ackman, R.G., McLeod, C., Misra, K.K. & Rakshit, S. (2002). Lipids and fatty acids of five freshwater food fishes of India. Journal of Food Lipids, 9(2), 127-145 doi: 10.1111/j.1745-4522.2002.tb00214.x
Chini, D.S., Bhattacharya, M., Kar, A., Malick, R.C., Patra, B.C., Patra, S. & Das, B.K. (2019). Length–weight relationships of three freshwater fish species from Rupnaryan and Kangsabati River, West Bengal, India. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 35(2), 585-586 doi: 10.1111/jai.13823
Dalbir, S. P., Roopma, G., Ritu, K., Vaini, G., & Shivalika, R. (2015). Effect of fish oil substitution with sunflower oil in diet of juvenile Catla catla (Ham) on growth performance and feed utilization. Journal of Fisheries & Livestock Production, 1-3. doi:10.4172/2332-2608.1000144
Dey, S., Choudhary, S.K., Dey, S., Deshpande, K. & Kelkar, N. (2020). Identifying potential causes of fish declines through local ecological knowledge of fishers in the Ganga River, eastern Bihar, India. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 27(2), 140-154. doi: 10.1111/fme.12390
FAO (2018). Aquaculture production. Year book of fishery statistics, vol 96. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.
Folch, J., Lees, M. & Stanley, G.S. (1957). A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 226(1), 497-509.
Galli, C. & Marangoni, F. (1997). Recent advances in the biology of n-6 fatty acids. Nutrition, 13(11-12), 978-985. doi:10.1016/S0899-9007(97)00341-9
Guler, G.O., Kiztanir, B., Aktumsek, A., Citil, O.B. & Ozparlak, H. (2008). Determination of the seasonal changes on total fatty acid composition and ?3/?6 ratios of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) muscle lipids in Beysehir Lake (Turkey). Food Chemistry, 108(2), 689-694. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.10.080
Jakhar, J.K., Pal, A.K., Reddy, D.A., Sahu, N.P., Venkateshwarlu, G. & Vardia, H.K. (2012). Fatty acids composition of some selected Indian fishes. African Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences4, 155-160. doi: 10.5829/idosi.ajbas.2012.4.5.6627
Kaushik, S.J., Coves, D., Dutto, G. & Blanc, D. (2004). Almost total replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a marine teleost, the European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Aquaculture, 230(1-4), 391-404. doi: 10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00422-8
Mishra, K. & Samantaray, K. (2004). Interacting effects of dietary lipid level and temperature on growth, body composition and fatty acid profile of rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Aquaculture Nutrition, 10(6),.359-369. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2095.200 4.00311.x
Mohanty, B.P., Ganguly, S., Mahanty, A., Mitra, T., Patra, S., Karunakaran, D., Mathew, S., Chakraborty, K., Paul, B.N., Sarma, D. & Dayal, S. (2019). Fish in human health and nutrition. Advances in fish Research, 7, 189-218.
Osman, H., Suriah, A.R. & Law, E.C. (2001). Fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of selected marine fish in Malaysian waters. Food Chemistry, 73(1), 55-60.
Roques, S., Deborde, C., Richard, N., Skiba?Cassy, S., Moing, A., & Fauconneau, B. (2020). Metabolomics and fish nutrition: a review in the context of sustainable feed development. Reviews in Aquaculture, 12(1), 261-282. doi: org/10.1111/raq.12316
Sharma, P., Kumar, V., Sinha, A.K., Ranjan, J., Kithsiri, H.M.P. & Venkateshwarlu, G. (2010). Comparative fatty acid profiles of wild and farmed tropical freshwater fish rohu (Labeo rohita). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 36(3), 411-417. doi: 10.1007/s10695-009-9309-7
Singh, K.K., Mridula, D., Rehal, J. & Barnwal, P. (2011). Flaxseed: a potential source of food, feed and fiber. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 51(3), 210-222. doi: 10.1080/1040839090353724 1
Subasinghe, R., Soto, D. & Jia, J. (2009). Global aquaculture and its role in sustainable development. Reviews in Aquaculture, 1(1), 2-9. doi: 10.1111/j.17 53-5131.2008.01002.x
Section
Research Articles

How to Cite

A comparative study of fatty acids profile of two Indian major carps (Gibelion catla, Hamilton, 1822 and Cirrhinus mrigala, Hamilton, 1822) using value added fish feed. (2021). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 13(2), 443-449. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v13i2.2598