Antennal sensilla of head of poultry shaft louse, Menopon gallinae (Phthiraptera, Insecta, Menoponidae, Amblycera)
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Abstract
Phthirapteran ectoparasites (lice) are very small arthropodan creature which spend their life on different mammalian and avian host body. Many morphological features of these tiny creatures are not visible under simple microscopic study and hence scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study is required for specific details. Antennal sensillum is also one of the special features located on anterior part of the head of the louse. The present study on the sample specimen of poultry louse, Menopon gallinae (Phthiraptera : Amblycera) showed presence of a small, ovoid scape and pedicel (broad cup-like structure having narrower base) seen in antennal sensilla under SEM. In addition to sensory setae, sense organ was present on terminal segment. Tuft organ contain 6/7 small peg like structure. Pit organ was also visible at the sub-terminal area of fourth segment. Presence of any structure resembling coeloconic chaemo-receptor was not observed on any flagellar sub-segment of M. gallinae.
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Keywords
Antennal sensilla, Menopon gallinae, Poultry louse, Scanning electron microscopy
References
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Clarke, A.R. (1990). External morphology of the antennae of Damalinia ovis (Phthiraptera : Trichodectidae). Journal of Morphology, 203(2): 203 – 209.
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Clay, T. (1970a). A preliminary key to the genera of the Menoponidae (Mallophage). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 117: 457-479.
Clay, T. (1970b). The Amblycera (Phthiraptera : Insecta). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 25(3) : 73-98.
Dethier, V.G. (1957). The sensory physiology of blood sucking arthoropods. Experiment Parasitol, 6(1) : 68 – 122.
Essig. E.O. (1942). College entomology. P. 197. The Macmillan Company, New York.
Green, E.D. and Turner, M.L. (2001). The micromorphological specialization of the claw of the lousefly. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 73(2) : 124-158.
Jose, G.C. and Neil, J.V. (2012). Antennal lobe organization in the slender pigeon louse, Columbicola columbae (Phthiraptera : Ischnocera). Arthropod Structure & Development (In Press).
Kassner, J. and Zlotorzycka, J. (1987). Problems in preparing the antennal sensilla of insects for scanning studies. Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne, 33(1) : 93-97.
Mclver, S.B. (1987). Sensilla of haematophagous insects sensitive to vertebrate host-associated stimuli. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 8 : 627-635.
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Solar Cruz, M.D. (1995). Antennal sense organs of Phthiraptera (Insecta). Scanning electron microscopy of several species of Anoplura. Micron, 26(1) : 7-14.
Soler Cruz, M.D. and Martin Mateo, M.P. (1996). Antennal sense organs of Phthiraptera (Insecta). Scanning electron microscopy of the ‘pit organs’ of several species of Bovicola. Micron, 27(1): 11-15.
Soler Cruz, M.D. and Martin Mateo, M.P. (1998). Sensory equipment of the antennal flagellum of several species of Damalinia (Phthiraptera : Trichodectidae). Micron, 29(6): 431-438.
Steinbrecht, R.A. (1994). The tuft organs of the human body louse, Pediculus humanus corporis – Cryofixation study of a thermo / hygrosensitive sensillum. Tissue & Cell, 26(2) : 259 – 275.
Szczesna, Z. (1978). Sense organs on the legs of Pediculus humanus humanus L. (Anoplura, Pediculidae) nymphs and imagines. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 48(4) : 593-600.
Szczesna, Z. (1985). The sense organs on antennae of Pediculus humanus (Anoplura : Pediculidae) in post embryonic development stages. Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 29(30-43) : 395 – 404.
Turner, M.L. (2003). The micromorphology of the blesbuck louse Damalinia (Damalinia) crenelata as observed under the scanning electron microscope. Koedoe, 46(1): 65-71.
Turner, M.L., Labuschagne, C. and Green, E.D. (2004). The micromorphology of the African buffalo louse Haematopinus bufali as observed under the scanning electron microscope. Koedoe, 47(2) : 83-90.
Zacharuk, R. (1985). Antennae and sensilla. In G.A. Kerkut and L.I. Gilbert (eds.). Comprehensive insect physiology, volume 6. Oxform Pergaman Press, pp. 1-69.
Zlotorzycka, J. and Kassner, J. (1986a). Morphologische untersuchungen uber die fuhlersinnesorgane von ischnozeren vogel-mallophagen. Angew. Parasitol., 27: 241-251.
Zlotorzycka, J. and Kassner, J. (1986b). Antennal sensilla in Mallophaga in scanning electron microscope. Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica, 24(4) : 324-325.
Zlotorzycka, J. and Modrezejewska, M. (1992). Morphologic features, with particular regard to surface ultra-structure, of Docophoroides brevis (Docopherididae, Mallophage). Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne, 38(1-2) : 43 – 50.
Baker, G.T. and Chandrapatya, A. (1992). Sensilla on the mouthparts and antennae of the elephant louse, Haematomyzus elephantis Piaget (Phthiraptera : haematomyzidae). Journal of Morphology, 214(3) : 333-340.
Clarke, A.R. (1990). External morphology of the antennae of Damalinia ovis (Phthiraptera : Trichodectidae). Journal of Morphology, 203(2): 203 – 209.
Clay, T. (1969). A key to the genera of the Menoponidae (Amblycera : Mallophaga : Insecta). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 24: 3-26.
Clay, T. (1970a). A preliminary key to the genera of the Menoponidae (Mallophage). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 117: 457-479.
Clay, T. (1970b). The Amblycera (Phthiraptera : Insecta). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 25(3) : 73-98.
Dethier, V.G. (1957). The sensory physiology of blood sucking arthoropods. Experiment Parasitol, 6(1) : 68 – 122.
Essig. E.O. (1942). College entomology. P. 197. The Macmillan Company, New York.
Green, E.D. and Turner, M.L. (2001). The micromorphological specialization of the claw of the lousefly. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 73(2) : 124-158.
Jose, G.C. and Neil, J.V. (2012). Antennal lobe organization in the slender pigeon louse, Columbicola columbae (Phthiraptera : Ischnocera). Arthropod Structure & Development (In Press).
Kassner, J. and Zlotorzycka, J. (1987). Problems in preparing the antennal sensilla of insects for scanning studies. Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne, 33(1) : 93-97.
Mclver, S.B. (1987). Sensilla of haematophagous insects sensitive to vertebrate host-associated stimuli. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 8 : 627-635.
Miller, F.H. (1969). Antennal tuft organs of Pediculus humanus Linn and Phthirus pubis (Linn) (Anoplura : Pediculidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 77: 85-89.
Miller, F.H. (1970a). Scanning electron microscopy of antennal structures of Polyplax serrata (Burmeister) (Anoplura : Hoplopleuridae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 78(3) : 33-37.
Miller, F.H. (1970b). Scanning electron microscopy of Solenopotes capillatus Enderlein (Anoplura : Linognathidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 78(3) : 139-145.
Miller, F.H. (1971a). Scanning electron microscopy of Echinophthirius horridus (Von olfers), Antarctophthirus callorhini (Osbern), and Proechinophthirius fluctus (Ferris) with emphasis on the antennal structures (Anoplura : Echinophthiriidae). The Journal of Parasitology, 57(3): 668-674.
Miller. F.H. (1971b). Scanning electron microscopy of antennal structures of five Haematopinus (Anoplura : Haematopinidae). New York Entomological Society, 79: 19-26.
Perez, J.M., Granados, J.E. and Rutz, I. (1995). The morphology of Laemobothrion (Laemobothrion) maximum (Phthiraptera: Laemobothriidae). Parasitologica, 57 : 45-51.
Qadri, M.A.H. (1936). Studies on the mouth-parts of Mallophaga infesting north-Indian birds. Proceedings of Indian Academy of Sciences, 3: 411 -423.
Slifer, E.H. (1970). The structure of arthropod chaemoreceptors. Annual Review of Entomology, 15:121-142.
Slifer, E.H. (1976). Sense organs on the antennal flagellum of a bird louse (Mallophaga). Journal of New York Entomological Society, 84(3) : 159-165.
Slifer, F.H. and Sekhon, S.S. (1980). Sense organs on the antennal flagellum of the human louse, Pediculus humanus (Anoplura). Journal of Morphology, 164: 161-166.
Smith, V.S. (2000). Avian louse phylogeny (Phthiraptera : Ischnocera): A cladystic study based on morphology. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Glasgow.
Solar Cruz, M.D. and Martin Mateo, M.P. (2001). Structure of the preantennal region of several species of Damalinia (Phthiraptera : Trichodectidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 38(6): 802 – 808.
Solar Cruz, M.D. and Martin Mateo, M.P. (2009). Scanning electron microscopy of legs of two species of sucking lice (Anoplura : Phthiraptera). Micron, 40(3): 401 – 408.
Solar Cruz, M.D. (1995). Antennal sense organs of Phthiraptera (Insecta). Scanning electron microscopy of several species of Anoplura. Micron, 26(1) : 7-14.
Soler Cruz, M.D. and Martin Mateo, M.P. (1996). Antennal sense organs of Phthiraptera (Insecta). Scanning electron microscopy of the ‘pit organs’ of several species of Bovicola. Micron, 27(1): 11-15.
Soler Cruz, M.D. and Martin Mateo, M.P. (1998). Sensory equipment of the antennal flagellum of several species of Damalinia (Phthiraptera : Trichodectidae). Micron, 29(6): 431-438.
Steinbrecht, R.A. (1994). The tuft organs of the human body louse, Pediculus humanus corporis – Cryofixation study of a thermo / hygrosensitive sensillum. Tissue & Cell, 26(2) : 259 – 275.
Szczesna, Z. (1978). Sense organs on the legs of Pediculus humanus humanus L. (Anoplura, Pediculidae) nymphs and imagines. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 48(4) : 593-600.
Szczesna, Z. (1985). The sense organs on antennae of Pediculus humanus (Anoplura : Pediculidae) in post embryonic development stages. Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 29(30-43) : 395 – 404.
Turner, M.L. (2003). The micromorphology of the blesbuck louse Damalinia (Damalinia) crenelata as observed under the scanning electron microscope. Koedoe, 46(1): 65-71.
Turner, M.L., Labuschagne, C. and Green, E.D. (2004). The micromorphology of the African buffalo louse Haematopinus bufali as observed under the scanning electron microscope. Koedoe, 47(2) : 83-90.
Zacharuk, R. (1985). Antennae and sensilla. In G.A. Kerkut and L.I. Gilbert (eds.). Comprehensive insect physiology, volume 6. Oxform Pergaman Press, pp. 1-69.
Zlotorzycka, J. and Kassner, J. (1986a). Morphologische untersuchungen uber die fuhlersinnesorgane von ischnozeren vogel-mallophagen. Angew. Parasitol., 27: 241-251.
Zlotorzycka, J. and Kassner, J. (1986b). Antennal sensilla in Mallophaga in scanning electron microscope. Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica, 24(4) : 324-325.
Zlotorzycka, J. and Modrezejewska, M. (1992). Morphologic features, with particular regard to surface ultra-structure, of Docophoroides brevis (Docopherididae, Mallophage). Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne, 38(1-2) : 43 – 50.
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How to Cite
Antennal sensilla of head of poultry shaft louse, Menopon gallinae (Phthiraptera, Insecta, Menoponidae, Amblycera). (2012). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 4(2), 196-199. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v4i2.248
