Optimization of in vitro rooting protocol for tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum mill.) varieties
Article Main
Abstract
In vitro rooting of micropropagated shoots were carried out with the aim of evaluating the root induction responses of two tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum MILL) varieties (Gelilema and Chali) using Indole -3- butyric acid (IBA). Seven levels of IBA (0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25 and 1.5 mg L-1) were used in a completely randomized design (CRD) in factorial combinations (seven level of IBA*two varieties) with three replications. After the plantlets were kept in the rooting media for three weeks, data on rooting percentage, number of roots/shoots and root length in cm were collected. The analysis of variance showed that the interaction of IBA*Var was highly significantly different for rooting percentage, a number of roots/shoot and root length at p<0.01. The highest rooting percentage (100.00±0.00), number of roots/shoot (14.20±0.35) and root length (10.7±0.29) were received from Chali on free Murashige and Skoog medium (MS). At the same time, the lowest percentage of rooting (11.11±0.00), number of roots/shoot (0.887±0.19) and root length (1.00±0.00 cm) were obtained from Gelilema on MS+1.5mg/l IBA. For acclimatization, the in vitro rooted shoots were transplanted into plastic pots containing a mixture of oven sterilized soil and sand at a ratio of 2:1. After three weeks, a survival rate of 67.7% for Chali and 58.1% for Gelilema was obtained. From the above result, it can be concluded that free MS medium was the best for in vitro rooting of the two tomato varieties. The optimized protocol will be useful for rapid in vitro multiplication of the two tomato varieties.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Chali, Gelilema, IBA, In vitro rooting, Tomato
References
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Devi, R., Dhaliwal, M., Kaur, A. and Gosal, S., 2008. Effect of growth regulators on in vitro morphogenic response of tomato. Indian J. Biotec... 7:526-530.
Eyob, B., Tesfaye, H. and Dejene, H., 2014. Growth and instability in area, yield and production of tomato in Ethiopia. IJDR. 4: 2215-2218.
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Izadpanah, M. and Khosh-Khui, M., 1992. Comparisons of in vitro propagation of tomato cultivars. Iran Agric. Res. 8:37-47.
Jehan, S. and Hassanein, A.M., 2013. Hormonal requirements trigger different organogenic pathways on tomato nodal explants. American J. Plant Sciences. 4(11):2118-2125.
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Biotechnology.
Mamidala, P. and Nanna, R.S., 2011. Effect of genotype, explant source and medium on in vitro regeneration of tomato. Inter. Genetics and Molecular Biology. 3(3):45-50.
Mensuali-Sodi, A., Panizza, M. and Tognoni, F., 1995. Endogenous ethylene requirement for adventitious root induction and growth in tomato cotyledons and lavand in micro-cuttings in vitro. Plant Growth Regulation. 17(3):205-212.
Moghaieb, R.E., Saneoka, H. and Fujita, K., 1999. Plant regeneration from hypocotyl and cotyledon explant of tomato (L. esculentum Mill.). Soil science and plant nutrition. 45(3):639-646.
Mohamed, A.A.N., Ismail, M.R. and Rahman, M.H., 2010. In vitro response from cotyledon and hypocotyls explants in tomato by inducing 6-benzyl-aminopurine. African J. Biotec.. 9(30):4802-4807.
Mukta, F.A., 2014. Study of in vitro regeneration and transformation parameters for the development of transgenic Tomato (S. Lycopersicon L.). 91p. A Dissertation Submitted To BRAC University in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biotechnology.
Namitha, K.K. and Negi, P.S., 2013. Morphogenetic Potential of Tomato (L. esculentum Mill.) CV. Arka Ahuti to Plant Growth Regulators. Notulae Scientia Biologicae. 5(2):220-225.
Opeña, R. T., Chen, J. T., Kalb, T. and Hanson, P., 2001. Hybrid seed production in tomato. AVRDC International Cooperators Guide Publication. pp. 1-4.
Osman, M.G., Elhadi, E.A. and Khalafalla, M.M., 2009. Effects of growth regulators, explant and genotype on shoot regeneration in tomato (L. esculentum Mill, C. V. Omdurman) Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 4(6):7-13.
Otroshya, M., Khalilia, Z., Ebrahimi, M A., Nekoui, M. K. and Moradi K., 20013. Effect of growth regulators and explant on plant regeneration of Solanum lycopersicum L. var. cerasiforme. Russian Agricultural Sciences. 39(3):226-235.
Pampanna, Y., 2009. Studies on in vitro regeneration and transformation of tomato (L. esculentum L.) CV. VYBHAV with chitinase gene. 284p. Doctoral dissertation, University of Agricultural Sciences Gkvk, Bengaluru.
Rahman, M.M. and Kaul, K., 1989. Differentiation of sodium chloride tolerant cell lines of tomato (L. esculentum Mill.) cv. Jet Star. J. Plant Physiol. 133:710-712.
Rao, K.V., Kiranmayee, K., Pavan, U., Jaya Sree, T., Rao, A.V. and Sadanandam, A., 2005. Induction of multiple shoots from leaf segments, in vitro-flowering and fruiting of a dwarf tomato (L. esculentum). J. Plant Physiol. 162:959-962.
Sakthivel, S. and Manigandan, V., 2011. Tissue culture studies in tomato (L. esculantum, PKM1) from cotyledonary leaf explants. Inter j. Chemical and pharmaceutical sciences. 2(3):22-25.
Sedaghat S. and Rahemi, M., 2012. Root Regeneration in Pistachio Rootstock is affected by Auxin and Polyamines. Journal of Nuts. 3(3):55-61.
Sherkar, H.D.and Chavan, A.M., 2014. Studies on callus induction and shoot regeneration in tomato. Sci Res Rep. 1:89-93.
Shtereva, L.A., Zagorska, N.A., Dimitrov, BD., Kruleva, M.M. and Oanh, H.K., 1998. Induced androgenesis in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). II. Factors affecting the induction of androgenesis. Plant Cell Rep. 18:312-317.
Singh, N., Kumar, A. and Garg, G., 2006. Genotype dependent influence of phytohormones combination and subculturing on micropropagation of sugarcane varieties. Indian J. Biot. 5(1):99-106.
Sudha, M., Gajanana, T.M. and Sreenivasa Murthy, D., 2006. Economic impact of commercial hybrid seed production in vegetables on farm income, employment and farm welfare-a case of tomato and okra in Karnataka. Agricultural Economics Research Review. 19:251-268.
Wijbrandi, J., Vos, J.G.M. and Koornneef, M., 1988. Transfer of regeneration capacity from Lycopersicon peruvianum to L. esculentum by protoplast fusion. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 12:193-196.
Bahurupe, J., Patil, S.C., Pawar, B.D., Chimote, V.P. and Kale, A.A., 2013. Callus induction and plantlet regeneration in tomato (S. Lycopersicum L.). J. Cell Tissue Res. 2:3765-3768.
Banu, N.A. Islam, S., Islam, M.A. and Alam, M.K., 2017. In vitro propagation from shoot tip and nodal segment in summer tomato (L. esculentum Mill.) Plant Environ. Dev. 6(1):31-38.
Bhatia, P., 2003. Regeneration, micropropagation, and somatic embryogenesis in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). 305p. A thesis submitted for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central Queensland University, Queensland, Australia.
Cheema, D. S. and Dhaliwal, M. S., 2005. Hybrid Tomato Breeding. J. New Seeds.6:1-14.
Dan, Y., Yan, H., Munyikwa, T., Dong, J., Zhang, Y. and Armstrong. C.L., 2006. MicroTom-a high throughput model transformation system for functional genomics. Plant Cell Rpt. 25:432-441.
Datta, A., 2015. Transgenic tomato (S. lycopersicum Mill.) regeneration by comparing different transformation techniques. 135p. A Dissertation Submitted to BRAC University in Partial Fulfillments of the Requirements for the Master of Science in Biotechnology, BRAC University, Bangladesh.
Devi, R., Dhaliwal, M., Kaur, A. and Gosal, S., 2008. Effect of growth regulators on in vitro morphogenic response of tomato. Indian J. Biotec... 7:526-530.
Eyob, B., Tesfaye, H. and Dejene, H., 2014. Growth and instability in area, yield and production of tomato in Ethiopia. IJDR. 4: 2215-2218.
FAO STAT, 2016. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations data.(http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC/visualize (19/12/2017).
Gao, G., 2017. Growing Tomatoes in the Home Garden. Fact Sheet: Agriculture and Natural Resources. TDD, (800-589). 8292p.
Gerszberg, A., Hnatuszko-Konka, K., Kowalczyk, T. and Kononowicz, A.K., 2015. Tomato (S. Lycopersicum L.) in the service of biotechnology. PCT and Organ Culture. 120(3):881-902.
Himabindu, K.B., 2008. Standardization of Agrobacterium mediated transformation protocol in tomato (Solanum Lycopersicon l. CV. Pkm-1). (Doctoral Dissertation, Acharya Ng Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad.).
Ishag, S., Osman, M.G. and Khalafalla, M.M., 2009. Effects of growth regulators, explant and genotype on shoot regeneration in tomato(L. esculentum cv Omdurman). Int J Sustain Crop Prod. 4(6):7-13.
Izadpanah, M. and Khosh-Khui, M., 1992. Comparisons of in vitro propagation of tomato cultivars. Iran Agric. Res. 8:37-47.
Jehan, S. and Hassanein, A.M., 2013. Hormonal requirements trigger different organogenic pathways on tomato nodal explants. American J. Plant Sciences. 4(11):2118-2125.
Kalloo, G., 1991. Genetic improvement of tomato. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 1-9.
Kartha, K. K., Gamborg, O. L., Shyluk J. P., and Constabel F., 1975. Morphogenetic Investigations on in vitro Leaf Culture of Tomato (L. esculentum Mill. CV. Starfire) and high Frequency Plant Regeneration 1). Pflanzenphysiol. Bd. 77:292-301.
Kiran, B.U., 2007. Studies on the development of transgenic tomato (L.esculentum Mill. var Pusa Ruby) Via Agrobacterium and biolistic methods.163p. A Thesis Submitted to the Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University in Partial Fulfillments of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Science in Agricultural
Biotechnology.
Mamidala, P. and Nanna, R.S., 2011. Effect of genotype, explant source and medium on in vitro regeneration of tomato. Inter. Genetics and Molecular Biology. 3(3):45-50.
Mensuali-Sodi, A., Panizza, M. and Tognoni, F., 1995. Endogenous ethylene requirement for adventitious root induction and growth in tomato cotyledons and lavand in micro-cuttings in vitro. Plant Growth Regulation. 17(3):205-212.
Moghaieb, R.E., Saneoka, H. and Fujita, K., 1999. Plant regeneration from hypocotyl and cotyledon explant of tomato (L. esculentum Mill.). Soil science and plant nutrition. 45(3):639-646.
Mohamed, A.A.N., Ismail, M.R. and Rahman, M.H., 2010. In vitro response from cotyledon and hypocotyls explants in tomato by inducing 6-benzyl-aminopurine. African J. Biotec.. 9(30):4802-4807.
Mukta, F.A., 2014. Study of in vitro regeneration and transformation parameters for the development of transgenic Tomato (S. Lycopersicon L.). 91p. A Dissertation Submitted To BRAC University in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biotechnology.
Namitha, K.K. and Negi, P.S., 2013. Morphogenetic Potential of Tomato (L. esculentum Mill.) CV. Arka Ahuti to Plant Growth Regulators. Notulae Scientia Biologicae. 5(2):220-225.
Opeña, R. T., Chen, J. T., Kalb, T. and Hanson, P., 2001. Hybrid seed production in tomato. AVRDC International Cooperators Guide Publication. pp. 1-4.
Osman, M.G., Elhadi, E.A. and Khalafalla, M.M., 2009. Effects of growth regulators, explant and genotype on shoot regeneration in tomato (L. esculentum Mill, C. V. Omdurman) Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 4(6):7-13.
Otroshya, M., Khalilia, Z., Ebrahimi, M A., Nekoui, M. K. and Moradi K., 20013. Effect of growth regulators and explant on plant regeneration of Solanum lycopersicum L. var. cerasiforme. Russian Agricultural Sciences. 39(3):226-235.
Pampanna, Y., 2009. Studies on in vitro regeneration and transformation of tomato (L. esculentum L.) CV. VYBHAV with chitinase gene. 284p. Doctoral dissertation, University of Agricultural Sciences Gkvk, Bengaluru.
Rahman, M.M. and Kaul, K., 1989. Differentiation of sodium chloride tolerant cell lines of tomato (L. esculentum Mill.) cv. Jet Star. J. Plant Physiol. 133:710-712.
Rao, K.V., Kiranmayee, K., Pavan, U., Jaya Sree, T., Rao, A.V. and Sadanandam, A., 2005. Induction of multiple shoots from leaf segments, in vitro-flowering and fruiting of a dwarf tomato (L. esculentum). J. Plant Physiol. 162:959-962.
Sakthivel, S. and Manigandan, V., 2011. Tissue culture studies in tomato (L. esculantum, PKM1) from cotyledonary leaf explants. Inter j. Chemical and pharmaceutical sciences. 2(3):22-25.
Sedaghat S. and Rahemi, M., 2012. Root Regeneration in Pistachio Rootstock is affected by Auxin and Polyamines. Journal of Nuts. 3(3):55-61.
Sherkar, H.D.and Chavan, A.M., 2014. Studies on callus induction and shoot regeneration in tomato. Sci Res Rep. 1:89-93.
Shtereva, L.A., Zagorska, N.A., Dimitrov, BD., Kruleva, M.M. and Oanh, H.K., 1998. Induced androgenesis in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). II. Factors affecting the induction of androgenesis. Plant Cell Rep. 18:312-317.
Singh, N., Kumar, A. and Garg, G., 2006. Genotype dependent influence of phytohormones combination and subculturing on micropropagation of sugarcane varieties. Indian J. Biot. 5(1):99-106.
Sudha, M., Gajanana, T.M. and Sreenivasa Murthy, D., 2006. Economic impact of commercial hybrid seed production in vegetables on farm income, employment and farm welfare-a case of tomato and okra in Karnataka. Agricultural Economics Research Review. 19:251-268.
Wijbrandi, J., Vos, J.G.M. and Koornneef, M., 1988. Transfer of regeneration capacity from Lycopersicon peruvianum to L. esculentum by protoplast fusion. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 12:193-196.
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Optimization of in vitro rooting protocol for tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum mill.) varieties. (2020). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 12(3), 365-371. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v12i3.2233
