Planting pattern of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in intercropping systems - A review
Article Main
Abstract
Since per capita availability of land is shrinking day by day and there is little scope for horizontal growth of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and thus vertical growth via intercropping can be a viable alternative to reduce the wide gap between the demand and supply of edible oils. Intercropping is an intensive land use system and a profitable venture especially for the small land holders as it fulfills the diversified demands at the farm level itself. Suitable planting pattern for greater light interception and transmission throughout the crop profile is pre-requisite for getting higher productivity. This paper reviews the information regarding role of planting patterns of oilseed rape on various aspects like growth, yield, competitiveness as well as productivity and profitability of intercropping systems. Different oilseed rape cultivars when intercropped with different crops viz., cereals, legumes, fodders or other oilseed crops prove to be more productive and remunerative as compared to their monoculture at different row proportions or spacings, which also varies with locations.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Aggressivity, Economics, Gobhi sarson, LER, Oilseed rape, Plant geometry, Row ratio
References
Ali. Z., Malik, M. A. and Cheema, M. A. (2000). Studies on determining a suitable canola-wheat intercropping pattern. Int. J. Agric. Bio., 2: 42-44.
Anonymous (2020). Area and production of rapeseed and mustard in India. http// www.indiastat.com.
Aslani, S. and Saeedipour, S. (2015). Competitive interaction of canola (Brassica napus) against wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis) using replacement series method. Walia J., 31: 111-16.
Aziz, M., Mahmood, A., Asif, M. and Ali, A. (2015). Wheat- based intercropping. J Animal Plant Sci., 25: 896-907.
Chaudhary, J. B. and Singh, C. M. (1993). Effect of intercropping gobhi sarson (Brassica napus L.) and toria (Brassica napus var napus) on their land equivalent ratio and net return. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 63: 825-26.
Das, K., Shyam, N. N. and Baroova, S. R. (1992). Intercropping of wheat (Triticum aestivum) with rapeseed (Brassica napus) and mustard (Brassica juncea) under rainfed conditions. Indian J. Agron., 37: 543-45.
Diepenbrock, W. (2000). Yield analysis of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Field Crops Res., 67: 35–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(00)00082-4.
Gupta, T. R. and Saini, J. S. (1986). Follow relay cropping of toria and gobhi sarson - A diversification in cropping pattern. Seeds and Farms, 58(1): 35-36.
Jamwal, J. S. (2002). Planting pattern in gobhi sarson (Brassica napus) and winter fodder intercropping under rainfed conditions of Jammu. Indian J. Agron., 47: 514-17.
Kaur, M., Sardana, V. and Sharma, P. (2017). Performance of canola oilseed rape (Brassica napus), Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) and Indian rape (Brassica rapa) in intercropping system. Indian J Agron., 62: 211-14.
Khan, M. B., Khan, M., Hussain, M., Farooq, M., Jabran, K. and Lee, D. J. (2012). Bio-economic assessment of different wheat-canola intercropping systems. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 5: 769-74. DOI: 12–108/AKA/2012/14–5–769–774.
Khan, U. R., Rashid, A. and Khan, M. S. (2009). Seed yield and monetary return of wheat crop as affected by intercropping with canola (Brassica napus L.). J. Agric. Res., 47:165-70.
Khola, O. P. S. (1988). Intercropping studies of Brassica campestris var. toria and Phaseolus vulgaris L. in oilseeds Brassicas. M Sc thesis, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana.
Kumar, A. (2014). Challenge of edible oils: Can Brassicas deliver? Presidential address delivered in the second National Brassica Conference on ‘Brassicas for addressing edible oil and nutritional security’ organized by Society for Rapeseed Mustard Research at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. February 14-16.
Mankotia, B.S., Negi, P.S. and Singh, B. (1994). Influence of pea (Pisum sativum L.) intercropping and fertility levels on gobhi sarson (Brassica napus L.) in mid-hill conditions of Himachal Pardesh. Himachal J. Agric. Res. 20: 5-11.
Mardfar, R. A., Raei, Y., Nassab, A. D. M., Khaghaninia, S. and Amini, R. (2013). Yield and yield components of wheat as influenced by intercropping of oilseed rape and fertilizers. J. Bio. Env. Sci. 3: 38-46.
Naeem, M., Cheema, Z. A., Ahmad, A. H., Wahid, A., Farooq, O. and Rehman, H. S. (2013). Agro- economic assessment of wheat (Triticum aestivum) canola (Brassica napus) intercropping systems under different spatial patterns. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 15: 1325–30. DOI: 13S–024/2013/15–6–1325–1330.
Narwal, S. S. and Kadian, H. S. (1991). Effect of potato (Solanum tuberosum) intercropping and cutting management on yield of gobhi sarson (Brassica napus subsp. oleifera var. annua) and relay crops. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 61: 45-48.
Narwal, S. S. and Parkash, V. (1989). Influence of gobhi sarson (Brassica napus) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) intercropping on potato (Solanum tuberosum) yield, land equivalent ratio and net returns. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 59: 786-90.
Narwal, S. S. and Parkash, V. (1992). Comparative performance of gobhi sarson (Brassica napus subsp. oleifera var. annua) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) in intercropping with potato (Solanum tubrosum). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 62: 35-40.
Pawar, S., Kaur, J. and Singh, T. (2019). Productivity and economics of oilseed rape based intercropping systems. Agric. Res. J. 56 (2): 242-247. DOI: 10.5958/2395-146X.2019.00038.3.
Rafey, A. and Prasad, N. K. (1991). Biological potential and economic feasibility of intercropping oilseeds and pulses with safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) in drylands. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 61: 893-97.
Rana, D. S. and Gangasaran (1999). Comparative performance of oleiferous Brassica species in intercropping with potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) staggered sowing and fertility levels. Indian J. Agron., 44: 281-88.
Rathi, K. S. and Keim, D. C. (1982) Raise mustard from potato fields. Indian Fmg., 32(1): 21-23.
Reddy, B. N. and Suresh. G. (2008). Crop diversification with oilseeds for higher productivity. Souvenir paper presented at the National symposium on ‘New Paradigms in Agronomic Research’. pp 33-37. Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat. November 19-21.
Shoaib, M., Ayub, M., Shehzad, M., Akhtar, N., Tahir, M. and Ari, M. (2014). Dry matter yield and forage quality of oat, barley and canola mixture. Pak. J. Agri. Sci., 52: 433-39.
Singh, C. (2013). Effect of row spacing and planting pattern on the productivity of gobhi sarson (Brassica napus var. napus) and oats fodder (Avena sativa L.) intercropping system. M Sc. Thesis, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.
Singh, C., Singh, T., Singh, A. and Kang, J. S. (2014). Productivity of gobhi sarson (Brassica napus var. napus) and oats fodder (Avena sativa L.) intercropping system in relation to planting patterns and row spacing. Indian J. Ecol., 41: 116-20.
Singh, R. A. and Rathi, K. S. (1984). Economics of potato and potato + mustard cultivation under different rates of nitrogen. Indian J. Agron. 30: 555-56.
Singh, R. K., Kumar, H. and Singh, A. K. (2010). Brassica based intercropping systems-a review. Agric. Rev. 31: 253-66.
Uzun, B., Yol, E. and Furat, S. (2012). The influence of row and intra-row spacing to seed yield and its components of winter sowing canola in the true Mediterranean type environment. Bulgarian J. Agric. Sci., 18: 83-91.
Zabih, V. and Saeedlpour, S. (2015). Effect of different planting pattern of (Rapeseed-Broad bean) using replacement series method on yield performance of rapeseed and weed biomass. J. Agron., 14: 286- 91. DOI: 10.3923/ja.2015.286.291.
Anonymous (2020). Area and production of rapeseed and mustard in India. http// www.indiastat.com.
Aslani, S. and Saeedipour, S. (2015). Competitive interaction of canola (Brassica napus) against wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis) using replacement series method. Walia J., 31: 111-16.
Aziz, M., Mahmood, A., Asif, M. and Ali, A. (2015). Wheat- based intercropping. J Animal Plant Sci., 25: 896-907.
Chaudhary, J. B. and Singh, C. M. (1993). Effect of intercropping gobhi sarson (Brassica napus L.) and toria (Brassica napus var napus) on their land equivalent ratio and net return. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 63: 825-26.
Das, K., Shyam, N. N. and Baroova, S. R. (1992). Intercropping of wheat (Triticum aestivum) with rapeseed (Brassica napus) and mustard (Brassica juncea) under rainfed conditions. Indian J. Agron., 37: 543-45.
Diepenbrock, W. (2000). Yield analysis of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Field Crops Res., 67: 35–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(00)00082-4.
Gupta, T. R. and Saini, J. S. (1986). Follow relay cropping of toria and gobhi sarson - A diversification in cropping pattern. Seeds and Farms, 58(1): 35-36.
Jamwal, J. S. (2002). Planting pattern in gobhi sarson (Brassica napus) and winter fodder intercropping under rainfed conditions of Jammu. Indian J. Agron., 47: 514-17.
Kaur, M., Sardana, V. and Sharma, P. (2017). Performance of canola oilseed rape (Brassica napus), Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) and Indian rape (Brassica rapa) in intercropping system. Indian J Agron., 62: 211-14.
Khan, M. B., Khan, M., Hussain, M., Farooq, M., Jabran, K. and Lee, D. J. (2012). Bio-economic assessment of different wheat-canola intercropping systems. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 5: 769-74. DOI: 12–108/AKA/2012/14–5–769–774.
Khan, U. R., Rashid, A. and Khan, M. S. (2009). Seed yield and monetary return of wheat crop as affected by intercropping with canola (Brassica napus L.). J. Agric. Res., 47:165-70.
Khola, O. P. S. (1988). Intercropping studies of Brassica campestris var. toria and Phaseolus vulgaris L. in oilseeds Brassicas. M Sc thesis, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana.
Kumar, A. (2014). Challenge of edible oils: Can Brassicas deliver? Presidential address delivered in the second National Brassica Conference on ‘Brassicas for addressing edible oil and nutritional security’ organized by Society for Rapeseed Mustard Research at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. February 14-16.
Mankotia, B.S., Negi, P.S. and Singh, B. (1994). Influence of pea (Pisum sativum L.) intercropping and fertility levels on gobhi sarson (Brassica napus L.) in mid-hill conditions of Himachal Pardesh. Himachal J. Agric. Res. 20: 5-11.
Mardfar, R. A., Raei, Y., Nassab, A. D. M., Khaghaninia, S. and Amini, R. (2013). Yield and yield components of wheat as influenced by intercropping of oilseed rape and fertilizers. J. Bio. Env. Sci. 3: 38-46.
Naeem, M., Cheema, Z. A., Ahmad, A. H., Wahid, A., Farooq, O. and Rehman, H. S. (2013). Agro- economic assessment of wheat (Triticum aestivum) canola (Brassica napus) intercropping systems under different spatial patterns. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 15: 1325–30. DOI: 13S–024/2013/15–6–1325–1330.
Narwal, S. S. and Kadian, H. S. (1991). Effect of potato (Solanum tuberosum) intercropping and cutting management on yield of gobhi sarson (Brassica napus subsp. oleifera var. annua) and relay crops. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 61: 45-48.
Narwal, S. S. and Parkash, V. (1989). Influence of gobhi sarson (Brassica napus) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) intercropping on potato (Solanum tuberosum) yield, land equivalent ratio and net returns. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 59: 786-90.
Narwal, S. S. and Parkash, V. (1992). Comparative performance of gobhi sarson (Brassica napus subsp. oleifera var. annua) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) in intercropping with potato (Solanum tubrosum). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 62: 35-40.
Pawar, S., Kaur, J. and Singh, T. (2019). Productivity and economics of oilseed rape based intercropping systems. Agric. Res. J. 56 (2): 242-247. DOI: 10.5958/2395-146X.2019.00038.3.
Rafey, A. and Prasad, N. K. (1991). Biological potential and economic feasibility of intercropping oilseeds and pulses with safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) in drylands. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 61: 893-97.
Rana, D. S. and Gangasaran (1999). Comparative performance of oleiferous Brassica species in intercropping with potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) staggered sowing and fertility levels. Indian J. Agron., 44: 281-88.
Rathi, K. S. and Keim, D. C. (1982) Raise mustard from potato fields. Indian Fmg., 32(1): 21-23.
Reddy, B. N. and Suresh. G. (2008). Crop diversification with oilseeds for higher productivity. Souvenir paper presented at the National symposium on ‘New Paradigms in Agronomic Research’. pp 33-37. Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat. November 19-21.
Shoaib, M., Ayub, M., Shehzad, M., Akhtar, N., Tahir, M. and Ari, M. (2014). Dry matter yield and forage quality of oat, barley and canola mixture. Pak. J. Agri. Sci., 52: 433-39.
Singh, C. (2013). Effect of row spacing and planting pattern on the productivity of gobhi sarson (Brassica napus var. napus) and oats fodder (Avena sativa L.) intercropping system. M Sc. Thesis, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.
Singh, C., Singh, T., Singh, A. and Kang, J. S. (2014). Productivity of gobhi sarson (Brassica napus var. napus) and oats fodder (Avena sativa L.) intercropping system in relation to planting patterns and row spacing. Indian J. Ecol., 41: 116-20.
Singh, R. A. and Rathi, K. S. (1984). Economics of potato and potato + mustard cultivation under different rates of nitrogen. Indian J. Agron. 30: 555-56.
Singh, R. K., Kumar, H. and Singh, A. K. (2010). Brassica based intercropping systems-a review. Agric. Rev. 31: 253-66.
Uzun, B., Yol, E. and Furat, S. (2012). The influence of row and intra-row spacing to seed yield and its components of winter sowing canola in the true Mediterranean type environment. Bulgarian J. Agric. Sci., 18: 83-91.
Zabih, V. and Saeedlpour, S. (2015). Effect of different planting pattern of (Rapeseed-Broad bean) using replacement series method on yield performance of rapeseed and weed biomass. J. Agron., 14: 286- 91. DOI: 10.3923/ja.2015.286.291.
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Planting pattern of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in intercropping systems - A review. (2020). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 12(1), 66-70. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v12i1.2223
