Polygalacturonase production by Aspergillus nomius MR103 in solid state fermentation using Agro-industrial wastes
Article Main
Abstract
The present study was aimed at polygalacturonase production from Aspergillus nomius MR103 under solid state fermentation. A total of 57 fungal strains were obtained from mangrove soils collected from Gilakaladindi and Malakayalanka of Krishna District Andhra Pradesh. For the isolation of fungi these Soil samples were serially diluted and plated on pectin agar media plates. Among them, the isolate which showed maximum polygalacturonase activity was selected for this study. This strain was identified as A. nomius MR 103 by 18S rRNA sequences analysis. Pectin rich agro-industrial wastes like apple peel, citrus peel, orange peel, wheat bran, rice bran and sugarcane bagasse were used as substrates for polygalacturonase production by A. nomius MR 103. This strain was inoculated into the nutrient broth containing agro industrial wastes under solid state fermentation and amount of Polygalacturonase production was estimated. Maximum enzyme production of 4.83 IU/mg was recorded at pH 7.0 and temperature 35?C after 7 days of incubation, when orange peels were used as substrate. Addition of carbon and nitrogen sources to orange peel media improved the Polygalcturonase production. Sucrose as carbon and peptone as nitrogen sources were proved to be the best for maximum production of Polygalcturonase by A. nomius MR 103 on orange peel substrate. Utilization of agro-industrial by-products provided the establishment of a cost-efficient and sustainable process for enzyme production.
Article Details
Article Details
Agro-industrial wastes, Polygalacturonase (PG), Solid state fermentation, Aspergillus nomius MR 103
Ahmed, I., Zia, M.A., Hussain, M.A., Akram, Z., Naveed, M.T. and Nowrouzi, A., (2016). Bioprocessing of citrus waste peel for induced pectinase production by Aspergillus niger; its purification and characterization. Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences, 9(2):148-154.
Thangaratham, T. and Manimegalai, G., (2014). Optimization and production of pectinase using agro waste by solid state and submerged fermentation. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci, 3(9):357-65.
Batal, El-, A.I., Osman, E.M. and Shaima, I.A.M., (2013). Optimization and characterization of polygalacturonase enzyme produced by gamma irradiated Penicillium citrinum. J Chem Pharm Res, 5(1):336-347.
Sandhya R, Kurup G (2013). Screening and isolation of pectinase from fruit and vegetable wastes and the use of orange waste as a substrate for pectinase production. Int Res J Biol Sci 2(9):34–39.
Akhter, N., Morshed, M.A., Uddin, A., Begum, F., Sultan, T. and Azad, A.K., (2011). Production of pectinase by Aspergillus niger cultured in solid state media. Int J Biosci, 1(1), pp.33-42.
Iqbal, H. M. N., Asgher, M., and Bhatti, H. N. (2011). Optimization of physical and nutritional factors for synthesis of lignin degrading enzymes by a novel strain of Trametes versicolor. BioResources, 6(2), 1273e1287.
Mohnen D (2008) Pectin structure and biosynthesis. Curr Opin Plant Biol, 11:266–277
Pedrolli, D. B., Gomes, E., Monti, R., and Carmona, E. C. (2008). Studies on productivity and characterization of polygalacturonase from Aspergillus giganteus submerged culture using citrus pectin and orange waste. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 144, 191-200.
Nighoskar, S. Phanse, Y., Sinha, D., Nighojkar, A., and Kumar, A. (2006). Production of polygalacturonase by immobilized cells of Aspergillus niger using orange peel as inducer. Process Biochemistry, 41, 1136-1140.
Patil, S.R. and Dayanand, A., (2006). Production of pectinase from deseeded sunflower head by Aspergillus niger in submerged and solid-state conditions. Bioresource technology, 97(16):2054-2058.
Phutela, U., Dhuna, V., Sandhu, S. and Chadha, B.S., (2005). Pectinase and polygalacturonase production by a thermophilic Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from decomposting orange peels. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 36(1):63-69.
Jayani RS, Saxena S, Gupta R (2005) Microbial pectinolytic enzymes: A review. Proc Biochem, 40: 2931-2944.
Mikiashvili, N. V. Elisashvili S. Wasser E. Nevo (2005). Carbon and nitrogen sources influence the ligninolytic enzyme activity of Trametes versicolor, biotechnology letters 27(3):955-959.
Martin N. de Souza, RS de Silva R, Gomes E. (2004). Pectinase production by fungal strains in solid state fermentation using agroindustrial byproducts. Brazillian Archives of Biology and Technology: 47:813-819.
Castilho LR, Medronho RA, Alves TLM (2000) Production and extraction of pectinases obtained by solid state fermentation of agroindustrial residues with Aspergillus niger. Bioresour Technol, 71: 45-50.
Castilho, L.R., Alves, T.L.M., Medronho, R.A., (1999). Recovery of pectolytic enzymes produced by solid state culture of A. niger. Proc. Biochem. 34, 181–186.
Alkorta, I., Garbisu, C., Llama, M. J., and Serra, J. L. (1998). Industrial applications of pectic enzymes: a review. Process Biochemistry, 33(1): 21-28.
Boccas, F. Roussos, S. Gutierrez, M. Serrano, L. Viniegra, G.G. (1994). Production of pectinases from coffee pulp in solid- -state fermentation system: Selection of wild fungal isolate of high potency by a simple three steps screening technique, J. Food Sci. Technol. 31: 22–26.
Aguilar, G., Huitron, C., (1990). Constitutive exo pectinase produced by Aspergillus sp. CH-Y-1043 on diVerent carbon source. Biotechnol. Lett. 12 (9), 655–660.
Hours, R.A. Voget, C.E. Ertola, R.J. (1988). Apple pomace as raw material for the pectinases production in solid-state culture, Biol. Wastes, 24 147–157.
Whitaker JR (1984). Pectic substances, pectic enzymes and haze formation in fruit juices. Enzyme Microb Technol, 6: 341-349.
Miller, G.L., (1959). Use of Dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugars. Anal. Chem., 31: 426- 428.
Jansen, E.F. MacDonnell, L.R. (1945) Influence of methoxyl content of pectic substances on the action of polygalacturonase, Arch. Biochem. 8: 97–112.
This work is licensed under Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) © Author (s)
