Soil properties under different land use systems of Mizoram, North East India
Article Main
Abstract
Changes in land use and improper soil management have led to severe land degradation around the globe through the modification in soil physicochemical and biological processes. This study aimed to assess the soil properties of different land use system types. Soil samples (0-15 cm depth) were collected from five land uses; Rubber Plantation (RP), Oil Palm Plantation (OPP), Bamboo Forest (BF), Fallow Land (FL) and Natural Forest (NF) and analyzed for bulk density, soil texture, soil pH, soil moisture, soil carbon, total nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate, soil microbial biomass carbon, soil respiration. Soil pH was lower than 4.9 in all the sites indicating that the surface soil was highly acidic. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) values ranged from 2.02% to 2.81% and 0.22% to 0.3% respectively. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and soil microbial biomass (SMBC) were highly affected by soil moisture. NH4+-N and NO3--N ranged from 5.6 mg kg-1 to 10.2 mg kg-1 and 1.15 mg kg-1 to 2.81 mg kg-1 respectively. NF soils showed the maximum soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) whereas the minimum was observed in BF with values ranging from 340 mg kg-1 to 345 mg kg-1. Basal respiration was highest in RP (375 mg CO2 m-2 hr-1) and lowest in BF (224 mg CO2 m-2 hr-1). The findings demonstrated significant effect (p<0.05) of land use change on soil nutrient status and organic matter. Findings also indicated that land use change deteriorated native soil physicochemical and biological properties, but that land restoration practices through longer fallow period (>10 years) likely are successful in promoting the recovery of some soil characteristics.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Land Use, Oil palm plantation, Organic matter, Rubber Plantation, Soil fertility
References
Ali, S., Begum, F., Hayat, R. and Bohannan, B. J. M, (2017). Variation in soil organic carbon stock in different land uses and altitudes in Bagrot Valey, Northern Karakoram, Acta Agr. Scand B-S P, 551-561. https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2017.1317829
Allen, K., Corre, M. D., Tjoa, A. and Veldkamp, E. (2015). Soil nitrogen-cycling responses to conversion of lowland forests to oil palm and rubber plantations in Sumatra, Indonesia. PLoS One, 10: e0133325. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133325
Ayoubi, S., Khormali, F., Sahrawat, K. L. and Rodrigues de Lima, A. C. (2011). Assessing Impacts of Land Use Change on Soil Quality Indicators in a Loessial Soil in Golestan Province, Iran. J. Agr. Sci. Tech., 13:727-742.
Bouyoucos, G.J. (1926). Estimation of the colloidal material in soils. Soil Sci. 64: 362. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.64.1658.362
Chen, C., Liua, W., Jiang, X. and Wua, J. (2017). Effects of rubber-based agroforestry systems on soil aggregation and associated soil organic carbon: Implications for land use. Geoderma, 299:13-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.03.021
Chen, T. H., Chiu, C. Y. and Tian, G. L. (2005). Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass in coastal sand dune forest. Pedobiologia, 49: 645-653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2005.06.005
Chen, X. M., Liu, J. X., Deng. Q., Chu, G. W., Zhou, G. Y. and Zhang, D. Q. (2010). Effects of precipitation intensity on soil organic carbon fractions and their distribution under subtropical forests of South China. Chin. J. Appl. Ecol., 21(5):1210-6.
Devi, N. B. and Yadava, P. (2006). Seasonal dynamics in soil microbial biomass C, N and P in a mixed-oak forest ecosystem of Manipur, North-East India. Appl. Soil Ecol., 31: 220-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.05.005
Economic Survey Mizoram, (2016-17.) Government of Mizoram. Planning & Programme Implementation Department (Research & Development Branch) pp. 243-245.
Gharibreza, M., Raj, J. K., Yusoff, I., Othman, Z., Tahir, W. Z. and Ashraf, M.A. (2013). Land use changes and soil redistribution estimation using 137Cs in the tropical Bera Lake catchment, Malaysia. Soil Tillage Res., 131:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2013.02.010
Grogan, P., Lalnunmawia, F. and Tripathi, S. K. (2012). Shifting cultivation in steeply sloped regions: A review of management options and research priorities for Mizoram state, Northeast India. Agrofor. Syst., 84:163-177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-011-9469-1
Guillaume, T., Damris, M. and Kuzyakov, Y. (2015). Losses of soil carbon by converting tropical forest to plantations: erosion and decomposition estimated by ? (13) C. Glob. Chang. Biol., 21:3548–3560. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12907
Guillaume, T., Maranguita, D., Murtilaksono, K. and Kuzyakov, Y. (2016). Sensitivity and resistance of soil fertility indicators to land-use changes: new concept and examples from conversion of Indonesian rainforest to plantations. Ecol. Indic., 67:49-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.02.039
Guntinas, M. E., Gil-Sotres, F., Leiros, M. C. and Trasar-Cepeda, C. (2013). Sensitivity of soil respiration to moisture and temperature. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 13(2):445-461
Harper, H. J. (1924). The accurate determination of nitrates in soils. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 16:180-183.
Hattori, D., Sabang, J., Tanaka, S., Kendawang, J. J., Ninomiya, I. and Sakurai, K. (2005). Soil characteristics under three vegetation types associated with shifting cultivation in a mixed dipterocarp forest in Sarawak, Malaysia. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 51: 231-241. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00027.x
Hauchhum, R. and Tripathi, S. K. (2017). Rhizosphere effects of Melocanna baccifera on soil microbial properties under different fallow phases following shifting cultivation. IJPSS, 17:1-9. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJPSS/2017/34493
Iqbal, M. A., Hossen, M. S. and Islam, M. N. (2014). Soil organic carbon dynamics for different land uses and soil management practices in Mymensingh. Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Environmental Aspects of Bangladesh; Bangladesh. 16-17.
Islam, K. R. and Weil, R. R. (2000). Land use effects on soil quality in a tropical forest ecosystem of Bangladesh. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 79: 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00145-0
Kirita, H. (1971). Re-examination of the absorption method for measuring soil respiration under field conditions, IV. An improved absorption method using a disc of plastic sponge as absorbent holder. Jpn. J. Ecol., 21:119-127.
Lal, R. (2010). Enhancing eco-efficiency in agro-ecosystems through soil carbon sequestration. Crop Sci., 50:120-131. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2010.01.0012
Lallianthanga, R. K. and Hmingthanpuii. (2013). Integrated Land Use Planning of Aizawl District, Mizoram, India Using Geospatial Techniques. International Journal of Advanced Remote Sensing and GIS, 2 (1): 341-350.
Lallianthanga, R. K., Sailo, R. L., Hmingthanpuii and Lalhmachhuana, H. (2014). Land Use Planning for Lawngtlai District, Mizoram, India: A Remote Sensing and GIS perspective. Int. J. Curr. Res. Aca. Rev., 2(3):42-53.
Mariotte, C. A., Hudson, G. and Hamilton, D. (1997). Spatial variability of soil total C and N and their stable isotopes in upland Scottish grassland. Plant Soil, 196:151-162.
Maurya, B., Singh, V., Dhyanib, P. and Kashyap, S. (2014). Impact of altitudes on soil characteristics and enzymatic activities in the forest and Fallow lands of Almora District of Central Himalaya. Oct. Jour. Env. Res., 2: 1-9.
McKenzie, N., Coughlan, K. and Cresswell, H. (2002). Soil physical measurement and interpretation for land evaluation. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood, Victoria.
MIRSAC, (2007). Natural Resources Mapping of Mizoram using Remote Sensing and GIS, Aizawl District (A Project Report). Mizoram Remote Sensing Application Centre, Science Technology & Environment, Aizawl. pp. 2-37.
Ouyang, X. J., Zhou, G. Y., Wei, S. G., Huang, Z. L., Li, J. and Zhang, D. (2007). Soil organic carbon and nitrogen mineralization along a forest successional gradient in Southern China. Chin. J. App.l Ecol., 18: 1688-1694.
Rowland, A. P. (1983). An automated method for the determination of Ammonium-N in ecological materials. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 14: 49-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103628309367341
Silva, D. K. A., Freitas, N. O., Sousa, R. G., Silva, F. S. B., Araújo, A. S. F. and Maia, L. C. (2012). Soil microbial biomass and activity under natural and regenerated forests and conventional sugar-cane plantations in Brazil. Geoderma, 189: 257-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.06.014
Singh, J. S., Singh, D. P. and Kashyap, A. K. (2010). Microbial biomass C, N and P in disturbed dry tropical forest soils, India. Pedosphere, 20(6): 780-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(10)60068-9
Tao, D.L., Singh, N.J. and Goswami, C. (2018). Spatial Variability of Soil Organic Carbon and Available Nutrients under Different Topography and Land Uses in Meghalaya, India. IJPSS, 21: 1-16. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJPSS/2018/39615
Tripathi, S. K., Vanlalfakawma, D. C. and Lalnunmawia, F. (2017.) Shifting cultivation on steep slopes of Mizoram, India: Impact of policy reforms. In: Cairns M. (ed.), Shifting Cultivation Policies: Balancing Environmental and Social Sustainability: CABI Publishing, London, 395- 413.
Van der Werf, G.R., Morton, D. C., De Fries, R. S., Olivier, J. G. J., Kasibhatla, P. S., Jackson, R. B., Collatz, G. J. and Randerson, J. T. (2009). CO2 Emissions from Forest Loss. Nature Geoscience, 2: 737-738. http:// doi.org/10.1038/ngeo671
van Straaten, O., Corre, M. D., Wolf, K., Tchienkoua, M., Cuellar, E., Matthews, R. B. and Veldkamp, E. (2015). Conversion of lowland tropical forests to tree cash crop plantations loses up to one-half of stored soil organic carbon. PNAS, 112(32): 9956-9960. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504628112
Vance, E. D., Brookes, P. C. and Jenkinson, D. S. (1987). An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass C. Soil Biol. Biochem., 19: 703-707. https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(87)90052-6
Wapongnungsang, Hauchhum, R. and Tripathi, S. K. (2017). Litter decomposition Vis-a-Vis carbon and nitrogen dynamics of Tephrosia candida components in different fallow periods following shifting cultivation in Mizoram. Indian J. Ecol., 44(4):791-796.
Wapongnungsang, Manpoong, C. and Tripathi, S. K. (2018). Changes in soil fertility and rice productivity in three consecutive years cropping under different fallow phases following Shifting cultivation. IJPSS, 25(6):1-10. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJPSS/2018/46087
Allen, K., Corre, M. D., Tjoa, A. and Veldkamp, E. (2015). Soil nitrogen-cycling responses to conversion of lowland forests to oil palm and rubber plantations in Sumatra, Indonesia. PLoS One, 10: e0133325. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133325
Ayoubi, S., Khormali, F., Sahrawat, K. L. and Rodrigues de Lima, A. C. (2011). Assessing Impacts of Land Use Change on Soil Quality Indicators in a Loessial Soil in Golestan Province, Iran. J. Agr. Sci. Tech., 13:727-742.
Bouyoucos, G.J. (1926). Estimation of the colloidal material in soils. Soil Sci. 64: 362. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.64.1658.362
Chen, C., Liua, W., Jiang, X. and Wua, J. (2017). Effects of rubber-based agroforestry systems on soil aggregation and associated soil organic carbon: Implications for land use. Geoderma, 299:13-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.03.021
Chen, T. H., Chiu, C. Y. and Tian, G. L. (2005). Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass in coastal sand dune forest. Pedobiologia, 49: 645-653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2005.06.005
Chen, X. M., Liu, J. X., Deng. Q., Chu, G. W., Zhou, G. Y. and Zhang, D. Q. (2010). Effects of precipitation intensity on soil organic carbon fractions and their distribution under subtropical forests of South China. Chin. J. Appl. Ecol., 21(5):1210-6.
Devi, N. B. and Yadava, P. (2006). Seasonal dynamics in soil microbial biomass C, N and P in a mixed-oak forest ecosystem of Manipur, North-East India. Appl. Soil Ecol., 31: 220-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.05.005
Economic Survey Mizoram, (2016-17.) Government of Mizoram. Planning & Programme Implementation Department (Research & Development Branch) pp. 243-245.
Gharibreza, M., Raj, J. K., Yusoff, I., Othman, Z., Tahir, W. Z. and Ashraf, M.A. (2013). Land use changes and soil redistribution estimation using 137Cs in the tropical Bera Lake catchment, Malaysia. Soil Tillage Res., 131:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2013.02.010
Grogan, P., Lalnunmawia, F. and Tripathi, S. K. (2012). Shifting cultivation in steeply sloped regions: A review of management options and research priorities for Mizoram state, Northeast India. Agrofor. Syst., 84:163-177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-011-9469-1
Guillaume, T., Damris, M. and Kuzyakov, Y. (2015). Losses of soil carbon by converting tropical forest to plantations: erosion and decomposition estimated by ? (13) C. Glob. Chang. Biol., 21:3548–3560. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12907
Guillaume, T., Maranguita, D., Murtilaksono, K. and Kuzyakov, Y. (2016). Sensitivity and resistance of soil fertility indicators to land-use changes: new concept and examples from conversion of Indonesian rainforest to plantations. Ecol. Indic., 67:49-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.02.039
Guntinas, M. E., Gil-Sotres, F., Leiros, M. C. and Trasar-Cepeda, C. (2013). Sensitivity of soil respiration to moisture and temperature. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 13(2):445-461
Harper, H. J. (1924). The accurate determination of nitrates in soils. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 16:180-183.
Hattori, D., Sabang, J., Tanaka, S., Kendawang, J. J., Ninomiya, I. and Sakurai, K. (2005). Soil characteristics under three vegetation types associated with shifting cultivation in a mixed dipterocarp forest in Sarawak, Malaysia. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 51: 231-241. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00027.x
Hauchhum, R. and Tripathi, S. K. (2017). Rhizosphere effects of Melocanna baccifera on soil microbial properties under different fallow phases following shifting cultivation. IJPSS, 17:1-9. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJPSS/2017/34493
Iqbal, M. A., Hossen, M. S. and Islam, M. N. (2014). Soil organic carbon dynamics for different land uses and soil management practices in Mymensingh. Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Environmental Aspects of Bangladesh; Bangladesh. 16-17.
Islam, K. R. and Weil, R. R. (2000). Land use effects on soil quality in a tropical forest ecosystem of Bangladesh. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 79: 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00145-0
Kirita, H. (1971). Re-examination of the absorption method for measuring soil respiration under field conditions, IV. An improved absorption method using a disc of plastic sponge as absorbent holder. Jpn. J. Ecol., 21:119-127.
Lal, R. (2010). Enhancing eco-efficiency in agro-ecosystems through soil carbon sequestration. Crop Sci., 50:120-131. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2010.01.0012
Lallianthanga, R. K. and Hmingthanpuii. (2013). Integrated Land Use Planning of Aizawl District, Mizoram, India Using Geospatial Techniques. International Journal of Advanced Remote Sensing and GIS, 2 (1): 341-350.
Lallianthanga, R. K., Sailo, R. L., Hmingthanpuii and Lalhmachhuana, H. (2014). Land Use Planning for Lawngtlai District, Mizoram, India: A Remote Sensing and GIS perspective. Int. J. Curr. Res. Aca. Rev., 2(3):42-53.
Mariotte, C. A., Hudson, G. and Hamilton, D. (1997). Spatial variability of soil total C and N and their stable isotopes in upland Scottish grassland. Plant Soil, 196:151-162.
Maurya, B., Singh, V., Dhyanib, P. and Kashyap, S. (2014). Impact of altitudes on soil characteristics and enzymatic activities in the forest and Fallow lands of Almora District of Central Himalaya. Oct. Jour. Env. Res., 2: 1-9.
McKenzie, N., Coughlan, K. and Cresswell, H. (2002). Soil physical measurement and interpretation for land evaluation. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood, Victoria.
MIRSAC, (2007). Natural Resources Mapping of Mizoram using Remote Sensing and GIS, Aizawl District (A Project Report). Mizoram Remote Sensing Application Centre, Science Technology & Environment, Aizawl. pp. 2-37.
Ouyang, X. J., Zhou, G. Y., Wei, S. G., Huang, Z. L., Li, J. and Zhang, D. (2007). Soil organic carbon and nitrogen mineralization along a forest successional gradient in Southern China. Chin. J. App.l Ecol., 18: 1688-1694.
Rowland, A. P. (1983). An automated method for the determination of Ammonium-N in ecological materials. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 14: 49-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103628309367341
Silva, D. K. A., Freitas, N. O., Sousa, R. G., Silva, F. S. B., Araújo, A. S. F. and Maia, L. C. (2012). Soil microbial biomass and activity under natural and regenerated forests and conventional sugar-cane plantations in Brazil. Geoderma, 189: 257-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.06.014
Singh, J. S., Singh, D. P. and Kashyap, A. K. (2010). Microbial biomass C, N and P in disturbed dry tropical forest soils, India. Pedosphere, 20(6): 780-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(10)60068-9
Tao, D.L., Singh, N.J. and Goswami, C. (2018). Spatial Variability of Soil Organic Carbon and Available Nutrients under Different Topography and Land Uses in Meghalaya, India. IJPSS, 21: 1-16. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJPSS/2018/39615
Tripathi, S. K., Vanlalfakawma, D. C. and Lalnunmawia, F. (2017.) Shifting cultivation on steep slopes of Mizoram, India: Impact of policy reforms. In: Cairns M. (ed.), Shifting Cultivation Policies: Balancing Environmental and Social Sustainability: CABI Publishing, London, 395- 413.
Van der Werf, G.R., Morton, D. C., De Fries, R. S., Olivier, J. G. J., Kasibhatla, P. S., Jackson, R. B., Collatz, G. J. and Randerson, J. T. (2009). CO2 Emissions from Forest Loss. Nature Geoscience, 2: 737-738. http:// doi.org/10.1038/ngeo671
van Straaten, O., Corre, M. D., Wolf, K., Tchienkoua, M., Cuellar, E., Matthews, R. B. and Veldkamp, E. (2015). Conversion of lowland tropical forests to tree cash crop plantations loses up to one-half of stored soil organic carbon. PNAS, 112(32): 9956-9960. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504628112
Vance, E. D., Brookes, P. C. and Jenkinson, D. S. (1987). An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass C. Soil Biol. Biochem., 19: 703-707. https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(87)90052-6
Wapongnungsang, Hauchhum, R. and Tripathi, S. K. (2017). Litter decomposition Vis-a-Vis carbon and nitrogen dynamics of Tephrosia candida components in different fallow periods following shifting cultivation in Mizoram. Indian J. Ecol., 44(4):791-796.
Wapongnungsang, Manpoong, C. and Tripathi, S. K. (2018). Changes in soil fertility and rice productivity in three consecutive years cropping under different fallow phases following Shifting cultivation. IJPSS, 25(6):1-10. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJPSS/2018/46087
Issue
Section
Research Articles
This work is licensed under Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) © Author (s)
How to Cite
Soil properties under different land use systems of Mizoram, North East India. (2019). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 11(1), 121-125. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v11i1.1999
