##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Sunil Kumar Priyanka Kumari Shoma Devi

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to know the hepatotoxicity of ethanol in laboratory rats Rattus rattus and to observe the individual and combined phytotherapeutic role of five herbs viz. Arctium lappa, Curcuma longa, Piper longum, Plumbago zeylanica and Terminalia chebula through biochemical and histopathological parameters. Ethanol is commonly used as solvent, pharmaceutical, drugs and alcohol abuse. Lipidperoxidation, glutathione content, urinary hydroxyproline, collagen and histopathological studies showed hepatotoxicity of 1 ml/kg body
weight dose of ethanol and protective role of 100 mg/kg body weight dose of herbs. Histopathological changes observed in the liver of rats after ethanol treatment showed hepatitis, collagenesis, fatty infiltration, sclerosis, perilobular necrosis, cytoplasmic degeneration, enlarged bile canaliculi, hydropic degeneration, focal necrosis, binucleated hepatocytes and nuclear degeneration. Mild cytoplasmic degeneration, necrosis, collagenesis and hepatocytes regenerations were observed in rats treated with same dose of ethanol and herbal combination.
Ethanol treatment decreased the glutathione content, increased tissue malondialdehyde and collagen content, thus causing tissue injury and liver collagenesis. Urinary hydroxyproline level and biochemical parameters also showed the protective role of herbs against ethanol induced toxicity. Herbal combination i. e. 100ml/kg body weight from the mixture of five herbs given orally was found more effective than their individual role. Herbs and plants contain aromatic substances, secondary metabolites, alkaloids and polyphenols which act as antioxidant thus showing protective role.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Keywords

Hepatotoxicity, Histopathology, Ethanol, Herbal Combination, Antioxidant

References
Ammon, H.P.T. and Wahl, M.A. (1994). Pharmacology of Curcuma longa. Planta Med., 57: 1-5.
Chopra, R.N., Nayer, S.L. and Chopra I.C. (1992). Glossary of Indian medicinal plants,3rd Edn. New Delhi: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, 7: 246- 52.
Chattopadhyay, R.R and Bhattacharyya, S.K. (2008). Plant review: An Updated. Pharmacognosy Review, 1: 151-156.
Ellman, G.I. (1959). Tissue sulphahydril group. Arch. Biol. Chem. Bio. Phy., 82: 70- 73.
Farias, C.R., Santillan, E.M., Ceruelos, A.H., Gonzalez, J.A.M., Salinas, J.G., Sanchez, N.R., Cruz, M.M., Jones, I.V. and Martinez, I.G. (2008). Protective effect of some vitamins against the toxic action of ethanol on liver regeneration induced hepatectomy in rat. World J. Gastroenterol, 6: 14- 19.
Fisher, R.A. (1963). Statistical methods for research workers. Oliver and Boyd, London, 14: 119- 193.
Fitch, S. M., Harness, M. L. and Harness, R. D. (1955). Nature 163: 4473 - 4476.
Gandhi, N. M. and Nayar, C. K. K. (2005). Radiation protection by Terminalia chebula some mechanistic aspects. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 277: 43- 47.
Johnston, D.E. and Kroening, C. (1998). Mechanism of early Ccl4 toxicity in cultured rat hepatocytes, Pharmacol Toxicol, 83: 231 - 237.
Khajuria, A., Zutshi, U. and Bedi, K.L. (1998). Permiability characteristics of piperine an oral absorption –an active alkaloid from pippers and bioavailability enhancer. Indian J Expe. Biol., 36: 46- 49.
Kim, J.S. and Sukla, S.D. (2005). Acute in vivo effect of ethanol on histone H3 modification in rat tissues. Alcohol Alcohol, 41: 126 - 132.
Kumar, S., Devi, S. and Kumari, P. (2009). Biochemical and Enzymological changes in rats by herbal complex treatment against ethanol induced toxicity. J .Ecophysiol. Occup. Health, 9: 43 - 46.
Kurose, I., Higuchi, H., Kato, S., Miura, S. and Ishii, H. (1996). Ethanol-induced oxidative stress in the liver. Alcohol Clin Exp Res., 20: 77 - 81.
Lee, H.S., Jung, S.H., Yun, B.S. and Lee, K.W. (2007). Isolation of chebulic acid from Terminalia chebula and its oxidant effect in isolated rat hepatocytes. Arch Toxicol., 81: 211 -216.
Le Blanc, E. (1994). Hepatic victorial transport of xenobiotics. Chem Biol Interact., 90: 101.
Lin, S.C., Lin, C.H., Lin, C.C., Lin, Y.H., Chen, C.E., Chen, C. and Wang, L.Y. (2002).Hepatoprotective effect of Arctium lappa linne on liver injuries induced by chronic ethanol consumption and potentiated by carbon tetra chloride. J of Biomedic Scie., 9: 5-9.
Nirala, S.K., Bhadauria, M. and Shukla, S. (2007). Durationdependent hepatoprotective effect of propolis extract against carbon tetra chloride-induced acute liver damage in rats. Advances in Therapy, 24: 1136- 1140.
Nordmann, R., Ribiere, C. and Rouach, H. (1992). Implication of free radical mechanisms in ethanol induced cellular injury. Free Rad Biol and Medic., 12: 219- 222.
Ohmori, S., Ikedo, M., Kasahara, E., Hyodoh, H., and Hiroto, K. (1981). A colorimetric determination of total glutathione based on its C- termination glycine residue and its application to blood, liver and yeast. Chem. Chem. Pharma. Bull., 29: 1355- 1360.
Perez, T.G., Ramos, G.C., Martinez, S.B., Giuliani, A. and Martinez, S.G. (2003). Protective effect of Gossypitrin on carbon tetra chloride-induced in vivo hepatotoxicity. Radox Report, 8: 215- 219.
Pondenphent, J., Larsen, N.E. and Christiansen, C. (1984). An easy and reliable method for determination of urinary hydroxyproline. Clinca Chem Acta., 142- 145.
Ronis, M.J.J., Korourian, S., Zipperman, M., Hakkak, R. and Badger, T. M. (2004). Dietry saturated fat reduced alcoholic hepatotoxicity in rats by altering fatty acid metabolism and membrane composition. Am. Soc. Nutri. 904- 910.
Shukla, S.D. and Aroor, A.R. (2006). Epigenetic effect of ethanol on liver and gastrointestinal injury. World J of Gastrointerol, 12: 5265- 5270.
Smith, C.V. and Anderson, R.E. (1987). Method for determination of lipid peroxidation in biological samples. Free Rad. Biol. Med., 3: 341- 347.
Song, E.K., Cho, H. and Kim, J.S. (2003). Diarylheptanoids with free radical scavenging and hepatoprotective activity in vitro from Curcuma longa. Planta Med., 67: 876 - 880.
Srinivas, L. and Shalini, V.K. (1991). DNA damage by smoke: protection by turmeric and other inhibitors of ROS. Free Radical Biol Med., 11: 277- 282.
Tilak J.C., Abhikari S. and Thomas P.A.D. (2004). Antioxidative property of Plumbago zylanica, an Indian medicinal plant and its activity ingredient, Plumbagin. Redox Report., 9: 219 - 225.
Wang, S.M. and Wu, R. (2009). The Double Danger of Ethanol and Hypoxia: Their Effects on a Hepatomas Cell Line. Int J Clin Exp Pathol., 2: 182-189.
Wang, B.S., Yen, G.C., Chang, L.W., Yen, W.J. and Duh, P.D. (2006). Protective effect of burdock (Arctium lappa linne) on oxidation of low density lipoprotein and oxidative stress in RAW 264.7 macrophages., J Food Chemistry, 101: 729- 736.
Yuen, M.F., Tam, S. and Fung, J. (2006). Traditional Chinese medicine causing hepatotoxicity in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection: a 1-year prospective study. Ailment Pharmacol Ther., 24: 1179- 1187.
Section
Research Articles

How to Cite

Antioxidative role of selected herbs against ethanol induced liver injury in rats. (2011). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 3(2), 242-246. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v3i2.187