Effect of altitude and seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) on soil properties in dry temperate region of Himachal Pradesh
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Abstract
Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) is an ecologically and economically important plant species used for the enhancement of soil fertility, prevention of soil erosion and production of food and medicinal products in mountain ecosystem. Altitude and landuse are the major factors which conditions the nutrient status of soil. In the study six different altitudes (3390 m, 3520 m, 3560 m, 3615 m, 3790 m and 4040 m) above sea level in dry temper-ate region of Himachal Pradesh and three land use pattern viz., (seabuckthorn forest, willow forest and wasteland) were selected for the study and their impact was investigated on soil fertility. Soil properties such (pH, organic car-bon, available macronutrients N, P, K, S and exchangeable cations Ca, Mg) were determined following the standard procedures. The values of soil available nutrients under seabuckthorn varied as pH (8.2 to 7.8), organic carbon (1.05 to 2.35 per cent) N (125 to 205 kg ha-1), P (15 to 31 kg ha-1), K (94 to 284 kg ha-1), S (28 to 53 kg ha-1), ex-changeable Ca (8.56 to 10.20 cmol (p+) kg-1) and Mg (2.3 to 3.6 cmol (p+) kg-1), respectively. The soil nutrients in seabuckthorn forest were found much higher than willow forest and wasteland, especially organic carbon and availa-ble N contents. Soil nutrients were found to increase with increasing altitude and decrease with increasing soil depth. The results concluded that Hippophae rhamnoides had significant effects (p < 0.05) on soil nutrient conditions. Hence our study indicates that seabuckthorn has a big potential for soil conservation, ecological sustainability and restoration of Himalayan ecosystem.
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Keywords
Altitude, Cold desert, Hippophae rhamnoides, Resource management, Soils
References
Acharya, S., Stobdan, T. and Singh, S.B. (2010). Seabuckthorn (Hippophae sp. L.): New crop opportunity for biodiversity conservation in cold arid Trans-Himalayas. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 9: 201-204.
Ali, H., Razaq, A., Perveen, S. and Khan, B. (2013). Nitrogen Fixation by non-leguminous plant seabuckthorn in semi arid climatic conditions of Gilgit- Baltistan. Pakistan Journal of Weed Sciences, 19: 305-314.
Anderson, S.C., Olsson, M.E., Johansson, E. and Rumpunen, K. (2009). Carotenoides in seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) berries during ripening and use of pheophytin as a maturity maker. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57: 250-258.
Bi, Y. and Zhang, Y. (2014). Role of the different planting age of seabuckthorn forests to soil amelioration in coal mining subsidence land. International Journal of Coal Science and Technology, 1(2):192–197.
Biddapa, C.C. and Rao, V. (1973). Altitudinal pattern of soil characteristics under forest vegetation in Eastern Himalayan region. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science, 25: 21-42.
Gomez, K.A. and Gomez, A.A. (1984). Statistical procedures for agricultural research. Second Ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA P. 680.
Gong, J., Chen, L.D., Fu, B.J. and Wei, W. (2007). Integrated effects of slope aspect and land use on soil nutrients in a small catchment in a hilly loess area China. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 14: 307-316.
Guo, Z.S. (2003). Seabuckthorn for the improvement of the microclimate and soil properties of mountainous wastelands in arid and semi-arid China. In: Singh, V.2003 (Editor-in-Chief). Seabuckthorn (Hippophae L.): A Multipurpose Wonder Plant, Indus pub. Co; New Delhi 1: 417-432.
Kallio, H., Yang, B. and Peippo, P. (2002). Effects of different origins and harvesting time on vitamin C, tocopherols, and tocotrienols in seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) berries. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50(21): 6136-6142.
Khan, B., Jasra, W.A. and Ali, H. (2015). Seabuckthorn- An ecosystem based adaptation strategyfor arid mountain areas of Pakistan. In: Proceedings 7th Conference of the International seabuckthorn Association on “Seabuckthorn: Emerging technologies for Health Protection and Environmental Conservation” (V. Singh, Ed-in-Chief, 2015), New Delhi, India, pp.57-61.
Khosla, P.K., Sehgal, R.N., Sharma, V., Bhatt, A.K. and Singh, V. (1994). Genetic Resources of Seabuckthorn, Himachal Pradesh. A report of Seabuckthorn Task Force, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 4: 2-3.
Kohler, T., Giger, M., Hurni, H., Ott, C., Weismann, U., Wymann, S., and Maselli, D. (2010). Mountain and climate change: A Global concern. Mountain Research and Development, 30(1):53-55.
Kumar, A., Guleria, S., Mehta, P., Walia, A., Chauhan, A. and Shirkot, C.K. (2015). Plant growth-promoting traits of phosphate solubilising bacteria isolated from Hippophae rhamnoides L. (Seabuckthorn) growing in cold desert Trans-Himalayan Lahaul and Spiti regions of India. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 37(3): 1-12.
Mao, R., Zeng D.H., Ai, G.Y., Yang, D., Li, L.J. and Liu, Y.X. (2010). Soil microbiological and chemical effects of a nitrogen-fixing shrub in poplar plantation in semi-arid region of Northeast China. European Journal of Soil Biology, 46: 325-329.
Mishra, S., Dhyani, D. and Maikhuri, R.K. (2009). Understanding the role of Seabuckthorn in soil fertility improvement in central Himalayas, India. In: Seabuckthorn on the way between science and industry interaction 4th International Association Conference, Russia. 14: 39.
Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanave, F.S. and Dean, L.A. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium carbonate. United States Department of Agriculture, Citric. p 939.
Rongsen, L. (1992). Seabuckthorn- A Multipurpose Plant for Fragile Mountains. International Centre for Integarted Mountain Development ICIMOD. Occasional Paper No. 20. Kathmandu, Nepal p 62.
Rongsen, L. (2014). Studies on correlation of berry quality parameters of seabuckthorn in relation to increasing altitude in China. In: Seabuckthorn-A Multipurpose Wonder Plant Chemistry and Biochemistry (V. Singh, Ed. In Chief, 2014), pp: 281-285, Daya Publishing House, New Delhi, 610p.
Sharma, A. (2011). Impact assessment of seabuckthorn (Hippophae L.) on soil fertility status. M.Sc. Thesis, p 86. Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, COBS, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, India.
Sharma, L.K., Rana, R.K., Singh, A. and Singh, V. (2015). Experiences on mass multiplication and systematic plantation of seabuckthorn in cold desert condition of Himachal Pradesh. In: Proceedings 7th Conference of the International seabuckthorn Association on “Seabuckthorn: Emerging technologies for Health Protection and Environmental Conservation” (V. Singh, Ed-in-Chief, 2015), New Delhi, India, pp.57-61.
Sharma, V. and Kanwar, B.B. (2010). Copper status and its relation with soil properties in pea growing soils of high hills dry temperate zone of the Himachal Pradesh. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science 44: 32-37
Singh, V. (2003). Seabuckthorn (Hippophae L.): A Multipurpose Wonder Plant Seabuckthorn (Hippophae L.) – A Multipurpose Shrub of Cold Desert of Himalayas. 48: 39.
Singh, R. and Gupta, M. (1990). Soil and vegetation study of Lahaul and Spiti cold desert of Western Himalayas. Indian Forester, 116(10): 785-790.
Singh, B. and Raman, S.S. (1982). Altitudinal pattern of the soil characteristics under forest vegetation in eastern Himalayan region. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science 38: 93-99
Stobdan,T., Angchuk, D. and Singh, S.B. (2008). Seabuckthorn: an emerging storehouse for researchers in India. Current Science, 94: 1236-1237.
Tamchos, S. and Kaul, V. (2015). Seabuckthorn- the natural soil fertility enhancer. Current Science, 108(5): 763-764.
Walkley, A. and Black, C.A. (1934). An estimation of the method for determination of soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37: 29-39.
Xiaoning, T., Baoli, A., Xiufend, W. and Jing, N. (2002). Soil Improvement of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) Plantations and its characteristics of the Roots in Loess Plateau. 12th ISCO conference, China.
Yadav, K.A. and Deswal, R. (2007). Deciphering the low temperature tolerance in seabuckthorn. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Seabuckthorn Association Conference. (D.B. Mckenzie, Ed-in-Chief, 2007), Quebec City, Canada, pp. 47-56.
Yao, Y. and Tigerstedt, P.M.A. (1995). Geographic variation of growth rhythm, height and hardiness and their relations in Hippophae rhamnoides. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 120(4): 691–698.
Yu, X., Liu, X., Zhao, Z., Liu, J. and Zhang, S. (2015). Effect of Monospecific and Mixed Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) Plantations on the Structure and Activity of Soil Microbial Communities. PloS ONE, 10(2):1-11.
Zhang, J.T. and Chen, T. (2007). Effects of mixed Hippophae rhamnoides on community and soil in planted forests in the Eastern Loess Plateau, China. Ecological Engineering, 31: 115-121.
Zhao, G., Mu, X., Wen, Z., Wang, F., and Gao, P. (2013a). Soil erosion, conservation and ecoenvironment changes in the Loess Plateau of China. Land Degradation and Development, 24(5): 499–510.
Zhao, Z., Shahrour, I., Bai, Z., Fan. W., Feng, L. and Li, H. (2013b). Soils development in opencast coal mine spoils reclaimed for 1-13 years in the West-Northern Loess Plateau of China. European Journal of Soil Biology, 55:
Ali, H., Razaq, A., Perveen, S. and Khan, B. (2013). Nitrogen Fixation by non-leguminous plant seabuckthorn in semi arid climatic conditions of Gilgit- Baltistan. Pakistan Journal of Weed Sciences, 19: 305-314.
Anderson, S.C., Olsson, M.E., Johansson, E. and Rumpunen, K. (2009). Carotenoides in seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) berries during ripening and use of pheophytin as a maturity maker. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57: 250-258.
Bi, Y. and Zhang, Y. (2014). Role of the different planting age of seabuckthorn forests to soil amelioration in coal mining subsidence land. International Journal of Coal Science and Technology, 1(2):192–197.
Biddapa, C.C. and Rao, V. (1973). Altitudinal pattern of soil characteristics under forest vegetation in Eastern Himalayan region. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science, 25: 21-42.
Gomez, K.A. and Gomez, A.A. (1984). Statistical procedures for agricultural research. Second Ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA P. 680.
Gong, J., Chen, L.D., Fu, B.J. and Wei, W. (2007). Integrated effects of slope aspect and land use on soil nutrients in a small catchment in a hilly loess area China. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 14: 307-316.
Guo, Z.S. (2003). Seabuckthorn for the improvement of the microclimate and soil properties of mountainous wastelands in arid and semi-arid China. In: Singh, V.2003 (Editor-in-Chief). Seabuckthorn (Hippophae L.): A Multipurpose Wonder Plant, Indus pub. Co; New Delhi 1: 417-432.
Kallio, H., Yang, B. and Peippo, P. (2002). Effects of different origins and harvesting time on vitamin C, tocopherols, and tocotrienols in seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) berries. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50(21): 6136-6142.
Khan, B., Jasra, W.A. and Ali, H. (2015). Seabuckthorn- An ecosystem based adaptation strategyfor arid mountain areas of Pakistan. In: Proceedings 7th Conference of the International seabuckthorn Association on “Seabuckthorn: Emerging technologies for Health Protection and Environmental Conservation” (V. Singh, Ed-in-Chief, 2015), New Delhi, India, pp.57-61.
Khosla, P.K., Sehgal, R.N., Sharma, V., Bhatt, A.K. and Singh, V. (1994). Genetic Resources of Seabuckthorn, Himachal Pradesh. A report of Seabuckthorn Task Force, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 4: 2-3.
Kohler, T., Giger, M., Hurni, H., Ott, C., Weismann, U., Wymann, S., and Maselli, D. (2010). Mountain and climate change: A Global concern. Mountain Research and Development, 30(1):53-55.
Kumar, A., Guleria, S., Mehta, P., Walia, A., Chauhan, A. and Shirkot, C.K. (2015). Plant growth-promoting traits of phosphate solubilising bacteria isolated from Hippophae rhamnoides L. (Seabuckthorn) growing in cold desert Trans-Himalayan Lahaul and Spiti regions of India. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 37(3): 1-12.
Mao, R., Zeng D.H., Ai, G.Y., Yang, D., Li, L.J. and Liu, Y.X. (2010). Soil microbiological and chemical effects of a nitrogen-fixing shrub in poplar plantation in semi-arid region of Northeast China. European Journal of Soil Biology, 46: 325-329.
Mishra, S., Dhyani, D. and Maikhuri, R.K. (2009). Understanding the role of Seabuckthorn in soil fertility improvement in central Himalayas, India. In: Seabuckthorn on the way between science and industry interaction 4th International Association Conference, Russia. 14: 39.
Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanave, F.S. and Dean, L.A. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium carbonate. United States Department of Agriculture, Citric. p 939.
Rongsen, L. (1992). Seabuckthorn- A Multipurpose Plant for Fragile Mountains. International Centre for Integarted Mountain Development ICIMOD. Occasional Paper No. 20. Kathmandu, Nepal p 62.
Rongsen, L. (2014). Studies on correlation of berry quality parameters of seabuckthorn in relation to increasing altitude in China. In: Seabuckthorn-A Multipurpose Wonder Plant Chemistry and Biochemistry (V. Singh, Ed. In Chief, 2014), pp: 281-285, Daya Publishing House, New Delhi, 610p.
Sharma, A. (2011). Impact assessment of seabuckthorn (Hippophae L.) on soil fertility status. M.Sc. Thesis, p 86. Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, COBS, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, India.
Sharma, L.K., Rana, R.K., Singh, A. and Singh, V. (2015). Experiences on mass multiplication and systematic plantation of seabuckthorn in cold desert condition of Himachal Pradesh. In: Proceedings 7th Conference of the International seabuckthorn Association on “Seabuckthorn: Emerging technologies for Health Protection and Environmental Conservation” (V. Singh, Ed-in-Chief, 2015), New Delhi, India, pp.57-61.
Sharma, V. and Kanwar, B.B. (2010). Copper status and its relation with soil properties in pea growing soils of high hills dry temperate zone of the Himachal Pradesh. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science 44: 32-37
Singh, V. (2003). Seabuckthorn (Hippophae L.): A Multipurpose Wonder Plant Seabuckthorn (Hippophae L.) – A Multipurpose Shrub of Cold Desert of Himalayas. 48: 39.
Singh, R. and Gupta, M. (1990). Soil and vegetation study of Lahaul and Spiti cold desert of Western Himalayas. Indian Forester, 116(10): 785-790.
Singh, B. and Raman, S.S. (1982). Altitudinal pattern of the soil characteristics under forest vegetation in eastern Himalayan region. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science 38: 93-99
Stobdan,T., Angchuk, D. and Singh, S.B. (2008). Seabuckthorn: an emerging storehouse for researchers in India. Current Science, 94: 1236-1237.
Tamchos, S. and Kaul, V. (2015). Seabuckthorn- the natural soil fertility enhancer. Current Science, 108(5): 763-764.
Walkley, A. and Black, C.A. (1934). An estimation of the method for determination of soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37: 29-39.
Xiaoning, T., Baoli, A., Xiufend, W. and Jing, N. (2002). Soil Improvement of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) Plantations and its characteristics of the Roots in Loess Plateau. 12th ISCO conference, China.
Yadav, K.A. and Deswal, R. (2007). Deciphering the low temperature tolerance in seabuckthorn. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Seabuckthorn Association Conference. (D.B. Mckenzie, Ed-in-Chief, 2007), Quebec City, Canada, pp. 47-56.
Yao, Y. and Tigerstedt, P.M.A. (1995). Geographic variation of growth rhythm, height and hardiness and their relations in Hippophae rhamnoides. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 120(4): 691–698.
Yu, X., Liu, X., Zhao, Z., Liu, J. and Zhang, S. (2015). Effect of Monospecific and Mixed Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) Plantations on the Structure and Activity of Soil Microbial Communities. PloS ONE, 10(2):1-11.
Zhang, J.T. and Chen, T. (2007). Effects of mixed Hippophae rhamnoides on community and soil in planted forests in the Eastern Loess Plateau, China. Ecological Engineering, 31: 115-121.
Zhao, G., Mu, X., Wen, Z., Wang, F., and Gao, P. (2013a). Soil erosion, conservation and ecoenvironment changes in the Loess Plateau of China. Land Degradation and Development, 24(5): 499–510.
Zhao, Z., Shahrour, I., Bai, Z., Fan. W., Feng, L. and Li, H. (2013b). Soils development in opencast coal mine spoils reclaimed for 1-13 years in the West-Northern Loess Plateau of China. European Journal of Soil Biology, 55:
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Effect of altitude and seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) on soil properties in dry temperate region of Himachal Pradesh. (2017). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 9(4), 2228-2234. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i4.1516
