Biological relationship of Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) infecting cowpea with leguminous plant species
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Abstract
Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) associated with cowpea mechanically inoculated to different legumi-nous plants. Out of nineteen including cowpea Var.C-152, the virus was easily transferred to ten different legumi-nous hosts. All other hosts assessed for the presence of BCMV were found to be uninfected. The number of days taken for symptom expression and symptoms were varied within plant species. Pole bean expressed mosaic symp-tom after long incubation period (15-18 days) whereas, shorter incubation period was observed in common bean and rice bean (7- 10 days). BCMV produced chlorosis, mosaic, leaf distortion, puckering, vein banding, vein clearing and vein netting on cowpea(C-152). A typical virus symptom, mosaic was observed in green gram, common bean, lime bean, rice bean and yard long bean, whereas, leaf rolling and leaf distortion was observed in black gram, pole bean and snap bean. The virus-host relationship was confirmed by back inoculation test to C. amaranticolor. Further symptomatic plants were subjected for Reverse Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for molecular confirmation using BCMV coat protein (CP) specific primer pair. A PCR fragment size of 439bp was amplified for the symptomatic plants. The results generated indicated the ability of a plant to support virus expression and host speci-ficity of BMCV within the leguminous plant species.
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Keywords
Biological relationship, Cowpea, Leguminous plants, Sap inoculation, Virus
References
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Chellappan, P., Vanitharani, R., Ogbe, F. and Fauquet, C. M. (2005). Effect of temperature on geminivirus-induced RNA Silencing in Plants. Plant Physiol.,138:1828–1841
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Gibbs, A. J., Trueman, J. and Gibbs, M. J. (2008). The bean common mosaic virus lineage of potyviruses: Where did it arise and when?.Archives of Virology, 153:2177–2187
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Longdon, B., Brockhurst, M. A., Russell, C. A., Welch, J. J. and Jiggins, F. M. (2014). The evolution and genetics of virus host shifts. PLoS Pathog., 10(11): e1004395
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Manjunatha, N., Sah, R. P., Deb, D. Shivakumar, M. S. and Archana, S. (2016). Effect of Bean common mosaic virus infection on yield potential and nodulation of cowpea genotypes. Range Mgmt. & Agroforestry, 37 (2): 185-191
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Morris, J., Steel, E., Smith, S., Boonham, N., Spence, N. and Barker, I. (2006). Host range studies for Tomato chlorosis virus, and Cucumber vein yellowing virus transmitted by Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). European Journal of Plant Pathology, 114:265–273
Puttaraju, H. R., Prakash, H. S. and Shetty, H. S. (2004). Seed infection by Blackeye cowpea mosaic potyvirus and yield loss in different cowpea varieties. J. Mycol. Pl. Pathol., 34: 41-46
Prasad, H. P., Shankar, U. A. C., Shetty, S. H. and Prakash, H. S. (2007). Management of Bean common mosaic virus strain Blackeye cowpea mosaic (BCMV-BlCM) in cowpea using plant extracts. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant protection, 40(2): 139-147
Robert, L. F., James, R. M. and Phillip, H. B. (1991). Bean Common Mosaic Virus, Apublic Northwest Extension Publication, 1-4pp
Szittya, G., Silhavy, D., Molnar, A., Havelda, Z., Lovas, A., Laka¬tos, L., Bánfalvi, Z. and Burgyán, J. (2003). Low temperature inhibits RNA silencing-mediated defence by the control of siRNA generation. EMBO J. 22:633–640
Udaya Shankar, A. C., Chandra Nayakaa, S., Niranjanaa, S. R., Mortensenb, C.N. and Prakash, H.S. (2012). Immuno capture RT-PCR detection of Bean common mosaic virus and strain Blackeye cowpea mosaic in common bean and black gram in India. Archi. Phytopathol. Pl. Prot., 45(13): 1509–1518
Xu, L. and Hampton, R.O. (1996). Molecular detection of Bean common mosaic and Bean common mosaic necrosis potyviruses and pathogroups. Arch. Virol., 141: 1961–1977
Zhang, X., Zhang, X., Singh, J., Li, D. and Qua, F. (2012). Temper¬ature-dependent survival of Turnip crinkle virus-infected Ara¬bidopsis plants relies on an RNA silencing-based defense that requires DCL2, AGO2, and HEN1. J. Virol., 12:6847–6854
Zhao, J., Zhang, X., Hong, Y. and Liu, Y. (2016). Chloroplast in plant-virus interaction. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7:1565
Zitter, T. A. and Murphy, J. F. (2009). Cucumber mosaic. The Plant Health Instructor. DOI: 10.1094/PHI-I-2009-0518-01
Brunt, A. A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M. J., Gibbs, A. J. and Watson, L.(1996). Viruses of Plants, Description and List from the VIDE Database. CAB International
Chellappan, P., Vanitharani, R., Ogbe, F. and Fauquet, C. M. (2005). Effect of temperature on geminivirus-induced RNA Silencing in Plants. Plant Physiol.,138:1828–1841
Chung, B. N., Choi, K. S., Ahn, J. J., Joa, J. H., Seck Do, K. and Kyo-Sun, P. (2015). Effects of Temperature on Systemic Infection and Symptom Expression of Turnip mosaic virus in Chinese cabbage (Brassicacampestris). Plant Pathol. J., 31(4): 363-370
Dietzgen, R. G., Mann, K. S. and Johnson, K. N. (2016). Plant virus–insect vector Interactions: Current and potential future research directions. Viruses, 3:303
El-kady, M. A. S., Badr, A. B., El-Attar, A. K., Waziri, H. M. A. and Saker, K. E. A. (2014). Characterization and molecular studies of Bean common mosaic virus isolated from bean plants in Egypt. Egyptian J. Virol., 11(2): 124-135
Feil, H. and Purcell, A. H. (2001). Temperature-dependent growth and survival of Xylella fastidiosa in vitro and in potted grape¬vines. Plant Dis. 85:1230–1234
Gibbs, A. J., Trueman, J. and Gibbs, M. J. (2008). The bean common mosaic virus lineage of potyviruses: Where did it arise and when?.Archives of Virology, 153:2177–2187
Garcia-Arenal, F. and Fraile, A. (2013). Trade-offs in host range evolution of plant viruses.Plant Pathology, 62 (1): 2–9
Grisoni, M., Davidson, F., Hyrondelle, C., Farreyrol, K., Caruana, M. L. and Pearson, M. (2004). Nature, incidence and symptomatology of viruses infecting Vanilla tahitensis in French Polynesia. Pl. Dis., 88: 119-124
Hosseini, A. and Hosseini, S. (2014). Occurrence and distribution of Bean common mosaic virus and Bean yellow mosaic virus from common bean fields of Kerman province, Iran. Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences, 4 (2):528-535
Kapil, R., Sharma, P., Sharma, S. K., Sharma, O. P., Dhar, J. B. and Sharma, P. N. (2011). Pathogenic and molecular variability in Bean common mosaic virus infecting common bean in India. Arch. Phytopathol. Plant Prot. (in press)
Li, Y. Q., Liu, Z. P., Yang, Y. S., Zhao, B., Fan, Z. F. and Wan, P. (2014). First report of Bean common mosaic virus infecting Azuki bean (Vigna angularis) in China. Plant Disease, 98: 1017
Longdon, B., Brockhurst, M. A., Russell, C. A., Welch, J. J. and Jiggins, F. M. (2014). The evolution and genetics of virus host shifts. PLoS Pathog., 10(11): e1004395
Mangeni, B., Abang, M.M., Omuse, C.N., Leitich, Arinaitwe, W. and Mukoye, B. (2014). Distribution and Pathogenic Characterization of Bean Common Mosaic Virus
(BCMV) and Bean Common Mosaic Necrosis Virus (BCMNV) in western Kenya.J. Agri food and Appl. Sci., 2(10): 308-316
Manjunatha, N., Rudraswamy, P., Rangaswamy, K. T. Nagaraju., N. and Prameela, H. A. (2015). Identification of host plant resistance to bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) in cowpea genotypes. The Bioscan, 10(4):2057-2063
Manjunatha, N., Sah, R. P., Deb, D. Shivakumar, M. S. and Archana, S. (2016). Effect of Bean common mosaic virus infection on yield potential and nodulation of cowpea genotypes. Range Mgmt. & Agroforestry, 37 (2): 185-191
Melgarejo, T. A., Lehtonen, M. T., Fribourg, C.E., Rannali, M. and Valkonen, J.P.T. (2007). Strains of BCMV and BCMNV characterized from lima bean plants affected by deforming mosaic disease in Peru. Arch. Virol., 152: 1941–1949
Morales, F.J. and Bos, L. (1988). Bean common mosaic virus. No. 337 (No. 73 rev.). In: Descriptions of Plant Viruses. Association of Applied Biologists, Wellesbourne, England
Morris, J., Steel, E., Smith, S., Boonham, N., Spence, N. and Barker, I. (2006). Host range studies for Tomato chlorosis virus, and Cucumber vein yellowing virus transmitted by Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). European Journal of Plant Pathology, 114:265–273
Puttaraju, H. R., Prakash, H. S. and Shetty, H. S. (2004). Seed infection by Blackeye cowpea mosaic potyvirus and yield loss in different cowpea varieties. J. Mycol. Pl. Pathol., 34: 41-46
Prasad, H. P., Shankar, U. A. C., Shetty, S. H. and Prakash, H. S. (2007). Management of Bean common mosaic virus strain Blackeye cowpea mosaic (BCMV-BlCM) in cowpea using plant extracts. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant protection, 40(2): 139-147
Robert, L. F., James, R. M. and Phillip, H. B. (1991). Bean Common Mosaic Virus, Apublic Northwest Extension Publication, 1-4pp
Szittya, G., Silhavy, D., Molnar, A., Havelda, Z., Lovas, A., Laka¬tos, L., Bánfalvi, Z. and Burgyán, J. (2003). Low temperature inhibits RNA silencing-mediated defence by the control of siRNA generation. EMBO J. 22:633–640
Udaya Shankar, A. C., Chandra Nayakaa, S., Niranjanaa, S. R., Mortensenb, C.N. and Prakash, H.S. (2012). Immuno capture RT-PCR detection of Bean common mosaic virus and strain Blackeye cowpea mosaic in common bean and black gram in India. Archi. Phytopathol. Pl. Prot., 45(13): 1509–1518
Xu, L. and Hampton, R.O. (1996). Molecular detection of Bean common mosaic and Bean common mosaic necrosis potyviruses and pathogroups. Arch. Virol., 141: 1961–1977
Zhang, X., Zhang, X., Singh, J., Li, D. and Qua, F. (2012). Temper¬ature-dependent survival of Turnip crinkle virus-infected Ara¬bidopsis plants relies on an RNA silencing-based defense that requires DCL2, AGO2, and HEN1. J. Virol., 12:6847–6854
Zhao, J., Zhang, X., Hong, Y. and Liu, Y. (2016). Chloroplast in plant-virus interaction. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7:1565
Zitter, T. A. and Murphy, J. F. (2009). Cucumber mosaic. The Plant Health Instructor. DOI: 10.1094/PHI-I-2009-0518-01
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Biological relationship of Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) infecting cowpea with leguminous plant species. (2017). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 9(4), 2170-2174. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i4.1505
