Effect of proline and salicylic acid on germination and antioxidant enzymes at different temperatures in Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) seeds
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Abstract
Effect of different seed treatments hydration, warm water, proline (10mM and 20mM) and salicylic acid (0.1mM and 0.5mM) was investigated on percent germination and activity of antioxidant enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) at different temperatures in Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) seeds. It was observed that lower temperature (20ËšC) had decreased seed germination and activity of various anti-oxidant enzymes. Various seed treatments increased percent germination and activity of these enzymes as com-pared to control at both the temperatures. Proline 20mM (96.6) and SA 0.1mM (91.6) showed better results as com-pared to proline 10mM (95.0) and salicylic acid 0.5mM (86.6) respectively. Thus, proline and salicylic acid play an ameliorating role on low temperature stress by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and scavenging the free radicals.
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Keywords
Antioxidant enzymes, Low temperature, Muskmelon, Proline, Salicylic acid
References
Agami, R.A. (2014). Application of ascorbic acid and proline increase resistance to salt stress in barley seedlings. Journal of Plant Biology, 58: 341-347
Airaki, M., Leterrier, M., Mateos, R.M., Valderrama, R., Chaki, M. and Barroso, J.B. (2011). Metabolism of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants under low temperature stress. Plant Cell Environment, 34: 365-369
Ali, B., Qian, P., Jin, R., Ali, S., Khan, M., Aziz, R., Tian, T. and Zhou, W. (2014). Physiological and ultra-structural changes in Brassica napus seedlings induced by cadmium stress. Journal of Plant Biology, 58: 131–138
Anonymous (2008). International rules for seed testing. Seed Science Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
Balestrasse, K.B., Tomaro, M.L.,Battle, A. and Noriega, G.O. (2010). The role of 5-aminolevolinic acid in the response of cold stress in soybean plants. Phytochemistry, 71: 2038-2045
Basra S, Farooq M A, Tabassum M R (2005) Physiological and biochemical aspects of seed vigor enhancement treatments in fine rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seed Science Technology, 33: 623–28
Bray, C. M., Davison, P. A., Ashraf, M. and Taylor, R. M. (1989). Biochemical changes during priming of leek seeds. Annual Botany 63: 185-93
Chance, B. and Maehly, A.C. (1955). Assay of catalase and peroxidases. Methods of Enzymology, 2: 764-775
Chen, T., Xiao, J., Xu J.,Wan W.,Qin B., Cao A., ChenW., Xing L., Chen D., Gao X., Zhang S., ZhangR., Shen W., Wang H. and Wang X. (2016) Two members of TaRLK family confer powdery mildew resistance in common wheat. BMC Plant Biology, 16: 27-44
Das, K. and Roychoudhary, A. (2014) Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and response of antioxidants as ROS-scavengers during environmental stress in plants. Frontiers in Environmental Sciences, 2: 1-12
Espanany, A. Fallah, S. and Tadayyon, A. (2016) Seed priming improves seed germination and reduces oxidative stress in black cumin (Nigella sativa) in presence of cadmium. Industrial Crop Products, 79: 195–204
Hayat, Q., Hayat, S., Irfan, M. and Ahmed, A. (2012). Effect of exogenous salicylic acid under changing environment: A review. Environmental Experimental Botany, 68: 14- 25
Hodgson, R.A.J. and Raison J.K. (1991). Lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity in relation to photoinhibition induced by chilling in moderate light. Planta. 185: 215-219
Horvath, E., Szalai, G. and Janda, T. (2007). Induction of abiotic stress tolerance by salicylic acid signalling. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 26: 290 –300
Hussain, S., Khan, F., Hussain, H.A. and Nie, L. (2016). Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms of Seed Priming-Induced Chilling Tolerance in Rice Cultivars. Frontiers in Environmental Sciences, 7: 116-19
Hyun, D.Y., Lee, S.J., Seo, Y.W. and Lee, Y.I. (2003). Selection of Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid resistance cell lines by in vitro mutagenesis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) Journal of Plant Biotechnology, 5:43-49
Kadioglu, A., Saruhan, N., Saglam, A.,Terzi, R. and Acet, T. (2011). Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates effects of long term drought stress and delays leaf rolling by inducing antioxidant system. Plant Growth Regulation, 64:27–37
Kang, H.M. and Saltveit, M.E. (2001). Activity of enzymatic antioxidant defense systems in chilled and heat shocked cucumber seedlings radicles. Plant Physiology, 113: 548–556
Kaur, H. and Gupta, N. (2015). Exogenous application of salicylic acid and proline increase antioxidant enzyme activities at low temperature in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) The Journal of Plant Science and Research 31:217-23
Lee, G.S. and Hong, J.H. (2002). Effect of Salicylic Acid on Growth and Chilling Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings. Journal of Environmental Science, 11:1173-1181
Marklund, S. and Marklund, G. (1974). Improvement of superoxide anion radical in the auto-oxidation of Pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. European Journal of Biochemistry, 47: 169-174
Miura, K. and Tada, Y. (2014). Regulation of water, salinity and cold stress responses by salicylic acid. Fronteries Journal of Plant Sciences, 5: 4-10
Murugan, K. and Iyer, V. V. (2014). Antioxidant activity and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of extracts of the marine algae, Caulerpa peltata and Padina Gymnospora . Indian J Pharm Science, 76:548–552
Mutlu, S., Atici, O., Nalbantoglu, B. and Mete, E. (2016). Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates cold damage by regulating antioxidative system in two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars. Frontiers in Life Science, 9: 99-109
Omran, R.G. (1980). Peroxide levels of catalase, peroxidase, and indoleacetic acid oxidase during and after chilling cucumber seedlings. Plant Physiology, 65: 407-408
Rajjou, L., Belghazi, M., Huguet, R., Robin, C., Moreau, A., Job, C. and Job, D. (2006). Proteomic investigation of the effect of salicylic acid on Arabidopsis seed germination and establishment of early defense mechanism. Plant Physiology, 141: 910-923
Rehman, H., Farooq, M., Basra, S.M.A. and Afzal, I. (2011). Hormonal priming with salicylic acid improves the emergence and early seedling growth in cucumber. Journal of Agriculture Social Sciences, 7: 109-113
Sensory, S., Ertek, A., Gedik, I. and Kucukyumuk, C. (2007). Irrigation frequency and amount affect yield and quality of field grown melon (Cucumis melo L.). Agriculture Water Management, 88: 269-274
Shannon, L.M., Kay, E. and Lew, J. Y. (1966). Peroxidase isoenzymes from horseradish roots: Isolation and physical properties. Journal of Biology, 241: 2166-2172
Sharon, O. and Kahn, V. (1979). Browning potential, PPO, catalase and acid phosphatase activities during ripening of non-chilled and chilled avocado. Journal of Food Agriculture Science, 30: 634-638
Shruti and Gupta, N. (2015). Effect of Salicylic Acid and Proline on seed germination and antioxidant enzymes in aged seeds of radish (Raphanus sativus L). The Journal of Plant Science and Research, 31: 91-96
Shruti, Gupta, N., and Singh, H. (2016). Effect of Proline and Salicylic Acid on seed vigour parameters in fresh and aged seeds of radish (Raphanus sativus L). Agricultural Research Journal, 53: 371-375
Siboza, X. I., Bertling, I., and Odindo, A. O. (2014). Salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate improve chilling tolerance in cold-stored lemon fruit (Citrus limon). Journal of Plant Physiology 171: 1722–1731
Signorelli, S., Coitino, E.L., Borsani, O. and Monza, J. (2013). Molecular mechanisms for the reaction between •OH radicals and proline: insights on the role as reactive oxygen species scavenger in plant stress. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B,118 : 37-47
Singh, H., Singh, N.B., Singh, A., Hussain, I. and Yadav, V. (2016). Physiological and biochemical effects of salicylic acid on Pisum sativum exposed to isoproturon. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science ,62 : 1425-1436
Talat, A., Nawaz, K., Hussian, K., Bhatti, H.K., Siddqi, H.E., Khalid, A., Anwer, S. and Sharif, U. (2013). Foliar application of proline for salt tolerance of two wheat (Triticam aestivum L.) cultivars. Journal of Applied Sciences, 22: 547-554
Yan, Z., Guo, S., Shu, S., Sun, J. and Tezuka, T. (2011). Effects of proline on photosynthesis, root reactive oxygen species metabolism in two melon cultivars (Cucumis melo L.) under NaCl stress. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10: 18381-18390
Yusuf, M., Aiman, H., Barket, A., Shamsul, H., Qazi, F. and Aqil, A. (2008). Effect of salicylic acid on salinity-induced changes in Brassica juncea. Journal of Integrated Plant Biology,50: 1096-1102
Zhang, W.P., Jiang, B., Lou, L.N., Lu, M..H, Yang, M., and Chen, J.F. (2011) Impact of Salicylic acid on the antioxidant enzyme system and hydrogen peroxide production in Cucumis sativus under chilling stress. Zeitschrift Fur Naturfoschung Sect ,66:413–422
Zhou, Y.H., Yu, J.Q., Mao, W.H., Huang, L.F., Song, X.S. and Nogues, S. (2006). Genotypic variation of rubisco expression, photosynthetic electron flow and antioxidant metabolism in the chloroplasts of chill-exposed cucumber plants. Plant Cell Physiology, 47: 192-199
Airaki, M., Leterrier, M., Mateos, R.M., Valderrama, R., Chaki, M. and Barroso, J.B. (2011). Metabolism of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants under low temperature stress. Plant Cell Environment, 34: 365-369
Ali, B., Qian, P., Jin, R., Ali, S., Khan, M., Aziz, R., Tian, T. and Zhou, W. (2014). Physiological and ultra-structural changes in Brassica napus seedlings induced by cadmium stress. Journal of Plant Biology, 58: 131–138
Anonymous (2008). International rules for seed testing. Seed Science Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
Balestrasse, K.B., Tomaro, M.L.,Battle, A. and Noriega, G.O. (2010). The role of 5-aminolevolinic acid in the response of cold stress in soybean plants. Phytochemistry, 71: 2038-2045
Basra S, Farooq M A, Tabassum M R (2005) Physiological and biochemical aspects of seed vigor enhancement treatments in fine rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seed Science Technology, 33: 623–28
Bray, C. M., Davison, P. A., Ashraf, M. and Taylor, R. M. (1989). Biochemical changes during priming of leek seeds. Annual Botany 63: 185-93
Chance, B. and Maehly, A.C. (1955). Assay of catalase and peroxidases. Methods of Enzymology, 2: 764-775
Chen, T., Xiao, J., Xu J.,Wan W.,Qin B., Cao A., ChenW., Xing L., Chen D., Gao X., Zhang S., ZhangR., Shen W., Wang H. and Wang X. (2016) Two members of TaRLK family confer powdery mildew resistance in common wheat. BMC Plant Biology, 16: 27-44
Das, K. and Roychoudhary, A. (2014) Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and response of antioxidants as ROS-scavengers during environmental stress in plants. Frontiers in Environmental Sciences, 2: 1-12
Espanany, A. Fallah, S. and Tadayyon, A. (2016) Seed priming improves seed germination and reduces oxidative stress in black cumin (Nigella sativa) in presence of cadmium. Industrial Crop Products, 79: 195–204
Hayat, Q., Hayat, S., Irfan, M. and Ahmed, A. (2012). Effect of exogenous salicylic acid under changing environment: A review. Environmental Experimental Botany, 68: 14- 25
Hodgson, R.A.J. and Raison J.K. (1991). Lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity in relation to photoinhibition induced by chilling in moderate light. Planta. 185: 215-219
Horvath, E., Szalai, G. and Janda, T. (2007). Induction of abiotic stress tolerance by salicylic acid signalling. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 26: 290 –300
Hussain, S., Khan, F., Hussain, H.A. and Nie, L. (2016). Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms of Seed Priming-Induced Chilling Tolerance in Rice Cultivars. Frontiers in Environmental Sciences, 7: 116-19
Hyun, D.Y., Lee, S.J., Seo, Y.W. and Lee, Y.I. (2003). Selection of Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid resistance cell lines by in vitro mutagenesis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) Journal of Plant Biotechnology, 5:43-49
Kadioglu, A., Saruhan, N., Saglam, A.,Terzi, R. and Acet, T. (2011). Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates effects of long term drought stress and delays leaf rolling by inducing antioxidant system. Plant Growth Regulation, 64:27–37
Kang, H.M. and Saltveit, M.E. (2001). Activity of enzymatic antioxidant defense systems in chilled and heat shocked cucumber seedlings radicles. Plant Physiology, 113: 548–556
Kaur, H. and Gupta, N. (2015). Exogenous application of salicylic acid and proline increase antioxidant enzyme activities at low temperature in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) The Journal of Plant Science and Research 31:217-23
Lee, G.S. and Hong, J.H. (2002). Effect of Salicylic Acid on Growth and Chilling Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings. Journal of Environmental Science, 11:1173-1181
Marklund, S. and Marklund, G. (1974). Improvement of superoxide anion radical in the auto-oxidation of Pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. European Journal of Biochemistry, 47: 169-174
Miura, K. and Tada, Y. (2014). Regulation of water, salinity and cold stress responses by salicylic acid. Fronteries Journal of Plant Sciences, 5: 4-10
Murugan, K. and Iyer, V. V. (2014). Antioxidant activity and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of extracts of the marine algae, Caulerpa peltata and Padina Gymnospora . Indian J Pharm Science, 76:548–552
Mutlu, S., Atici, O., Nalbantoglu, B. and Mete, E. (2016). Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates cold damage by regulating antioxidative system in two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars. Frontiers in Life Science, 9: 99-109
Omran, R.G. (1980). Peroxide levels of catalase, peroxidase, and indoleacetic acid oxidase during and after chilling cucumber seedlings. Plant Physiology, 65: 407-408
Rajjou, L., Belghazi, M., Huguet, R., Robin, C., Moreau, A., Job, C. and Job, D. (2006). Proteomic investigation of the effect of salicylic acid on Arabidopsis seed germination and establishment of early defense mechanism. Plant Physiology, 141: 910-923
Rehman, H., Farooq, M., Basra, S.M.A. and Afzal, I. (2011). Hormonal priming with salicylic acid improves the emergence and early seedling growth in cucumber. Journal of Agriculture Social Sciences, 7: 109-113
Sensory, S., Ertek, A., Gedik, I. and Kucukyumuk, C. (2007). Irrigation frequency and amount affect yield and quality of field grown melon (Cucumis melo L.). Agriculture Water Management, 88: 269-274
Shannon, L.M., Kay, E. and Lew, J. Y. (1966). Peroxidase isoenzymes from horseradish roots: Isolation and physical properties. Journal of Biology, 241: 2166-2172
Sharon, O. and Kahn, V. (1979). Browning potential, PPO, catalase and acid phosphatase activities during ripening of non-chilled and chilled avocado. Journal of Food Agriculture Science, 30: 634-638
Shruti and Gupta, N. (2015). Effect of Salicylic Acid and Proline on seed germination and antioxidant enzymes in aged seeds of radish (Raphanus sativus L). The Journal of Plant Science and Research, 31: 91-96
Shruti, Gupta, N., and Singh, H. (2016). Effect of Proline and Salicylic Acid on seed vigour parameters in fresh and aged seeds of radish (Raphanus sativus L). Agricultural Research Journal, 53: 371-375
Siboza, X. I., Bertling, I., and Odindo, A. O. (2014). Salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate improve chilling tolerance in cold-stored lemon fruit (Citrus limon). Journal of Plant Physiology 171: 1722–1731
Signorelli, S., Coitino, E.L., Borsani, O. and Monza, J. (2013). Molecular mechanisms for the reaction between •OH radicals and proline: insights on the role as reactive oxygen species scavenger in plant stress. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B,118 : 37-47
Singh, H., Singh, N.B., Singh, A., Hussain, I. and Yadav, V. (2016). Physiological and biochemical effects of salicylic acid on Pisum sativum exposed to isoproturon. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science ,62 : 1425-1436
Talat, A., Nawaz, K., Hussian, K., Bhatti, H.K., Siddqi, H.E., Khalid, A., Anwer, S. and Sharif, U. (2013). Foliar application of proline for salt tolerance of two wheat (Triticam aestivum L.) cultivars. Journal of Applied Sciences, 22: 547-554
Yan, Z., Guo, S., Shu, S., Sun, J. and Tezuka, T. (2011). Effects of proline on photosynthesis, root reactive oxygen species metabolism in two melon cultivars (Cucumis melo L.) under NaCl stress. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10: 18381-18390
Yusuf, M., Aiman, H., Barket, A., Shamsul, H., Qazi, F. and Aqil, A. (2008). Effect of salicylic acid on salinity-induced changes in Brassica juncea. Journal of Integrated Plant Biology,50: 1096-1102
Zhang, W.P., Jiang, B., Lou, L.N., Lu, M..H, Yang, M., and Chen, J.F. (2011) Impact of Salicylic acid on the antioxidant enzyme system and hydrogen peroxide production in Cucumis sativus under chilling stress. Zeitschrift Fur Naturfoschung Sect ,66:413–422
Zhou, Y.H., Yu, J.Q., Mao, W.H., Huang, L.F., Song, X.S. and Nogues, S. (2006). Genotypic variation of rubisco expression, photosynthetic electron flow and antioxidant metabolism in the chloroplasts of chill-exposed cucumber plants. Plant Cell Physiology, 47: 192-199
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Effect of proline and salicylic acid on germination and antioxidant enzymes at different temperatures in Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) seeds. (2017). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 9(4), 2165-2169. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i4.1504
