Effect of Aloe vera juice on toxicity induced by arsenic in Labeo rohita (Hamilton)
Article Main
Abstract
An attempt has been made to study the effect of Aloe vera juice on the toxicity induced by arsenic on Labeo rohita fingerlings, exposed to sub–lethal concentration of a combination of arsenic and Aloe vera juice for 21 days. The study of bioaccumulation pattern of arsenic supplimented with Aloe vera juice was carried out on selected parts like liver and muscle tissues. In both the liver and muscle tissues a pronounced effect of arsenic and Aloe vera juice was noted on the activities of Glutamate - oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), Glutamate - pyruvate transaminase (GPT), acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP and ALP) enzymes. Also the levels of total proteins, total lipids, protease, free amino acids and glycogen were assessed. A significant decrease in enzymatic activity of GPT, GOT, ACP and ALP was noted in liver and muscle tissues. The level of protein, lipids and glycogen also decreased, whereas the amount of protease and free amino acids profoundly increased. The results of present study suggest that Aloe vera juice has an effective hepatoprotective and tissue protective property against arsenic toxicity. The results further suggest that the L.rohita fingerlings could be suitable for monitoring the bioavailability of water bound metals in fresh water habitats.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Fresh water, Heavy metal, Bioaccumulation, Pollution
References
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Black, F. C., A. R. Conner, K. Lam and W. Chiu (1962). Changes in glycogen, pyruvate and lactate in rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri during and following muscular activity. Journal of Fishery Research Bulletin Canada, 19: 409-436
Chandan,B.K., Saxena, A. K., Shukla, S., Sharma, N., Gupta, D.K., Suri, K.A., Suri, J., Buadauria, M. and Singh, B. (2007). Hepatoprotective potential of Aloe Barbadensis Mill. against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity. J. Ethnopharmacol., 111:560-566
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Gbem,T.T.,Balogun, J.K., Lawaland,F.A. and Annune, P.A. (2001).Trace metal accumulation in Claris gariepinus . Teugules exposed to sublethal levels of tannery effluent. Sci. Total Environ., 271: 1-9
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Heath, A.G. and A. W. Fritechard (1965). Effect of sever hypoxia on carbohydrate energy. Stores and metabolism in two species of fresh water fish. Physiol. Zoology, 38: 325-334.
Karata S. S. and M. Kalay (2002). Accumulation of lead in the gill, liver, kidney and brain tissues of Tilapia zilli. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Animal Sciences, 26:471-477.
Khare, S. and Singh, S. (2002). Histopathological lessons induced by copper sulphate and lead nitrate in the gill of freshwater fish Nundus. J. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Mar. Poll. Bull., 6:57-60.
Kirgin, F. (1996). Seasonal changes in heavy metals in tissues of Mullus barbatus and Sparus aurata collected from Iskenderum Gulf (Turkey). Water, Air, Soil Pollut., 90:557-562.
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Mahipal Singh (1995). Hematological responses in a freshwater teleost, Chana punctatus to experimental copper and chromium poisoning. J. Environ, Biol., 16: 339-341.
Mansour, S. A. and M.M. Sidky (2002). Ecotoxicological studies. 3: Heavy metals contaminating water and fish from Fayoum Govemorate, Egypt. Food Chem., 78; 15-22.
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Pattlolla, Anita, K., Tchounwou and Paul, B. (2005). Serum acetyl cholinesterase as a biomarker of arsenic induced neurotoxicity in Sprague –Dawley Rats. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 2 (1): 80-83
Radhakrishaniah, K., Venkataramana, P. Suresh and B. Sivaramkrishna (1992). Effect of lethal and sublethal concentrations of copper on glycolysis in liver and muscle of freshwater teleost, Labeo rohita (Hamilton). J. Environ. Biol., 13:63-68
Roy, S.S. (2002). Some toxicological aspects of chlopyrifos to the intertidal fish Boleopthalmus dussumieri. Ph.D.Thesis,University of Mumbai India. Pp 52-71.
Sastry, K. V. and Sunitha, K. (1984). Chronic toxic effects of chromium in Channa punctatus; Biochemical studies. J. Environ. Biol., 5(1): 53-56
Schmit, J.M. (1964). Determination of total Lipids. (Lipids Kit).
Seshagiri Rao, K. Srinivas, B. Kashi Reddy, K. S. Swamy and C.S. Chethy (1987). Effect of benthiocarb on protein metabolism of teleost, Sarotherodon mossambica. Indian Journal of Environmental Health, 29: 440-450.
Singh, A., D. K. Singh, T.N. Mishra and R.A. Agarwal (1996). Molluscicides of plant origin. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture, 13:205-252.
Sornaraj, R., Baskaran, P. and Thanalakshmi, S. (1995). Effect of heavy metals on some physiological responses of air breeding fish Chana punctatus. (Bloch). Environ. Ecol., 13 (1): 202-207.
Spice, J. R. (1957). Colorimetric procedures for amino acids. IN: Methods of Enzymology (S.P. Calowick and N.O. Kaplon. Eds,). Academic Press, New York. 468 pp.
Tawari- Fufeyin, P. and S.A.Kkaye (2007). Fish species diversity as indicator of pollution in Ikpoba river, benincity, Nigeria. Rev. Fish. Biol. Fisheries, 17: 21-30
Van der Vies, J. (1954). Two methods for determination of glycogen in liver. Biochemistry Journal, 57: 410-416.
Vinson, J.A., Al Kharrat, H. and Andreoli, L. (2005). Effect of aloe vera preparations on the human bioavailability of vitamins C and E. Phytomedicine, 12:760-765
Vutukuru, Srinivas, S., Balaparmeswara and Rao M. (2000). Impact of hexavalent chromium on survival of the fresh water fish, Sarotherodon mossambicus. J. Aqua. Biol.,15 (1 & 2): 71-73.
Woodling , J . D., Brinkman, S. F. and Horn, B. J. (2001). Nonuniform accumulation of cadmium and copper in kidney’s of wild brown trout Salmo trutta populations. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 40: 318-385.
Allen, T. and S.V.S. Rana. (2004). Effect of arsenic (As III) on Gluthione – Dependent enzymes in liver and kidney of the freshwater fish Channa punctatus. Biological Trace element Research, 100 (10): 39-48
Ambrose,T., Cyril Arun Kumar, L., Vincent, S. and Roselyn Lambert (1994). Biochemicaal responses of Cyprinous carpio communis to toxicity of tannery effluent. J. Ecobiol., 6 (3):213-216.
ATSDR (2006). Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Toxicological profiles for Arsenic. Atlanta, USA.
Bergmeyer, H. U., 1956. Methods of enzymatic analysis. Second printing revised. Verlag Chemie GMBH wein Heim/ Bergster Academic press, New York & London. Pp 779-787 and 837-853.
Black, F. C., A. R. Conner, K. Lam and W. Chiu (1962). Changes in glycogen, pyruvate and lactate in rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri during and following muscular activity. Journal of Fishery Research Bulletin Canada, 19: 409-436
Chandan,B.K., Saxena, A. K., Shukla, S., Sharma, N., Gupta, D.K., Suri, K.A., Suri, J., Buadauria, M. and Singh, B. (2007). Hepatoprotective potential of Aloe Barbadensis Mill. against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity. J. Ethnopharmacol., 111:560-566
Dagne, E., Bisrat, D., Viljoen, A. and Vanwyk, B. E. (2004). Chemistry of aloe species. Curr. Org. Chem., 1055-1078
Dartmouth (2005). Toxic Metals Research Program, The Facts On Arsenic. (http://www.Darthmout.edu/~toxmetal / TXO Aas.shtml). University of Dartmouth, New Hampshire, USA.
Gbem,T.T.,Balogun, J.K., Lawaland,F.A. and Annune, P.A. (2001).Trace metal accumulation in Claris gariepinus . Teugules exposed to sublethal levels of tannery effluent. Sci. Total Environ., 271: 1-9
Harper, A. H. (1963). Review of physiological chemistry. Language medical Publications Co. Ltd, Japan.
Heath, A.G. and A. W. Fritechard (1965). Effect of sever hypoxia on carbohydrate energy. Stores and metabolism in two species of fresh water fish. Physiol. Zoology, 38: 325-334.
Karata S. S. and M. Kalay (2002). Accumulation of lead in the gill, liver, kidney and brain tissues of Tilapia zilli. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Animal Sciences, 26:471-477.
Khare, S. and Singh, S. (2002). Histopathological lessons induced by copper sulphate and lead nitrate in the gill of freshwater fish Nundus. J. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Mar. Poll. Bull., 6:57-60.
Kirgin, F. (1996). Seasonal changes in heavy metals in tissues of Mullus barbatus and Sparus aurata collected from Iskenderum Gulf (Turkey). Water, Air, Soil Pollut., 90:557-562.
Lowry, O.H., N.J. Rosenberg, A.L. Farr and R.J. Randall (1951). Protein measurement with Folin – Phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193: 265 – 275.
Mahendru,V.K. and R.A. Agarwal (1982). Changes in metabolism in various organs of the snail Lymnaea acuminate, following exposure to trichlorfom. Acta. Pharmacology and Toxicology, 48:377- 381.
Mahipal Singh (1995). Hematological responses in a freshwater teleost, Chana punctatus to experimental copper and chromium poisoning. J. Environ, Biol., 16: 339-341.
Mansour, S. A. and M.M. Sidky (2002). Ecotoxicological studies. 3: Heavy metals contaminating water and fish from Fayoum Govemorate, Egypt. Food Chem., 78; 15-22.
Moore, S. and W.H. Stein (1954). In; methods in enzymology. Voll (Ed. Colowick and Kaplan). Academic Press, New York.
Moorthy, K. S., B. Kashi Reddy, K. S. Swamy and C.S. Chethy (1984). Changes in respiration and ionic content in the tissues of freshwater mussel exposed to methyl-parathion toxicity. Toxicological Letters, 21:287-291.
More, T.G., R.A. Rajput and N.N Bendela (2003). Impact of heavy metals on DNA content in the whole body of freshwater bivalve. Lamelleiden marginalis. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 22: 605 – 616.
Natarajan, G. M. (1985). Inhibition of branchial enzymes in snake head fish (Channa striatus) by oxy demetom- methyl. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 23 Natarajan.
Nath, K. and K.Kumar (1987). Toxic impact of hexavalent chromium on the blood pyruvate of teleost Colisa fasciatus. Acta. Hydrochemica et. Hydroboilogica, 5: 531- 534
Ni, Y. and Tizard, I.R. (2004 a). Analytical methodology; The gel analysis of aloe.pulp and its derivatives. In aloes. The genus Aloe; Reynolds, T., ED.; CRC Press: Bock Raton, pp 111-126
Ni, Y., Turner, D., Yates, K. and Tizard, I. (2004 b). Isolation and characterization of structural components of aloe vera L. leaf pulp. Int. Immunopharmacol, 4: 1745-1755.
Pattlolla, Anita, K., Tchounwou and Paul, B. (2005). Serum acetyl cholinesterase as a biomarker of arsenic induced neurotoxicity in Sprague –Dawley Rats. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 2 (1): 80-83
Radhakrishaniah, K., Venkataramana, P. Suresh and B. Sivaramkrishna (1992). Effect of lethal and sublethal concentrations of copper on glycolysis in liver and muscle of freshwater teleost, Labeo rohita (Hamilton). J. Environ. Biol., 13:63-68
Roy, S.S. (2002). Some toxicological aspects of chlopyrifos to the intertidal fish Boleopthalmus dussumieri. Ph.D.Thesis,University of Mumbai India. Pp 52-71.
Sastry, K. V. and Sunitha, K. (1984). Chronic toxic effects of chromium in Channa punctatus; Biochemical studies. J. Environ. Biol., 5(1): 53-56
Schmit, J.M. (1964). Determination of total Lipids. (Lipids Kit).
Seshagiri Rao, K. Srinivas, B. Kashi Reddy, K. S. Swamy and C.S. Chethy (1987). Effect of benthiocarb on protein metabolism of teleost, Sarotherodon mossambica. Indian Journal of Environmental Health, 29: 440-450.
Singh, A., D. K. Singh, T.N. Mishra and R.A. Agarwal (1996). Molluscicides of plant origin. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture, 13:205-252.
Sornaraj, R., Baskaran, P. and Thanalakshmi, S. (1995). Effect of heavy metals on some physiological responses of air breeding fish Chana punctatus. (Bloch). Environ. Ecol., 13 (1): 202-207.
Spice, J. R. (1957). Colorimetric procedures for amino acids. IN: Methods of Enzymology (S.P. Calowick and N.O. Kaplon. Eds,). Academic Press, New York. 468 pp.
Tawari- Fufeyin, P. and S.A.Kkaye (2007). Fish species diversity as indicator of pollution in Ikpoba river, benincity, Nigeria. Rev. Fish. Biol. Fisheries, 17: 21-30
Van der Vies, J. (1954). Two methods for determination of glycogen in liver. Biochemistry Journal, 57: 410-416.
Vinson, J.A., Al Kharrat, H. and Andreoli, L. (2005). Effect of aloe vera preparations on the human bioavailability of vitamins C and E. Phytomedicine, 12:760-765
Vutukuru, Srinivas, S., Balaparmeswara and Rao M. (2000). Impact of hexavalent chromium on survival of the fresh water fish, Sarotherodon mossambicus. J. Aqua. Biol.,15 (1 & 2): 71-73.
Woodling , J . D., Brinkman, S. F. and Horn, B. J. (2001). Nonuniform accumulation of cadmium and copper in kidney’s of wild brown trout Salmo trutta populations. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 40: 318-385.
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Effect of Aloe vera juice on toxicity induced by arsenic in Labeo rohita (Hamilton). (2010). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 2(2), 300-304. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v2i2.139
