Evolution in Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea Commers.) - A review
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Abstract
Bougainvillea is a popular ornamental, mostly valued for its multi coloured bracts. It can be used in the garden as a shrub, climber, pot plant or as a specimen plant. By keeping the view of its multiple uses there is always demand for the new coloured and forms of bracts in bougainvillea. All the present day colourful bracted bougainvilleas are developed through bud sports, mutations and inter and intra specific hybridization. There is no record of varieties evolved in bougainvillea through classical breeding in different countries. Present article will provide maximum information generated in India by different re-search institutes on classical and mutation breeding on bougainvillea.
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Keywords
Bougainvillea, Breeding, Mutation, Ornamental plants
References
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Arora, R.N. and Pahuja, S.K. (2008). Mutagenesis in guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.). Plant Mut. Rep., 2(1): 7–9
Banerjee, B.K., Nath, P. and Datta, S.K. (1987). Mutation breeding in double bracted bougainvillea cv. ‘Rose Ville’s Delight’. J. Nuclear Agri. Biol., 19(2): 134-136
Banerjee, B.K. and Datta, S.K. (1987). Gamma ray induced chlorophyll variegated mutants in Bougainvillea cv. ‘Los Banos Beauty’. J. Nuclear Agri. Biol., 16(1): 48-50
Banerjee, B.K. (2002). Induction of mutation in multibracted Bougainvillea cultivars ‘Mahara’ and ‘Los Banos Beauty’. Paper presented at ‘National Symposium on Indian Floriculture in new millennium held at Lal Baugh Botanic Garden, Bangalore during Feb 25-26
Banerjee, B.K. (2009). Role of mutation breeding methods in improvement of vegetatively propagated ornamental crops. Paper presented in National Conference on Floriculture for Livelihood and Profitability, held on 16-19 March 2009, at IARI, New Delhi, pp 38
Banerjee, B.K. (2010). Induced mutation in Bougainvillea- A Review. Indian Bougainvillea Annual., 23: 4-8
Banerjee, B.K. (2012). Newly developed bougainvilea cultivars at CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow. Floriculture Today., June: 34-36
Broertjes, C. and Van Harten, A.M. (1988). Ornamental crops. In: Developments in crop science 12 " Applied mutation breeding for vegetatively propagated crops". Elsveir Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 122
Chatterjee, J., Kalam, A., Mandal, A., Chakrabarty, D. and Datta, S.K. (2007). Use of RAPD analysis to determine genetic diversity and relationships among bougainvillea cultivars at intra and inter specific levels. Hort. Envi. Biot., 48(1): 43–51
Cheng, K.T., Chang, H.C., Su, C.H. and Hsu, F.L. (1997). Identification of dried rhizome of Coptis species using random amplified polymorphic DNA. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin., 38: 241-244
Ex Jussieu, C. (1789). Bougainvillea. Gen. Pl., pp 91
Datta, S.K. (1990). Role of mutation breeding in floriculture. In: Plant mutation breeding in crop improvement., 1: 271-281
Datta, S.K. and Banerji, B.K. (1994). ‘Mahara Variegata’- A new mutant of Bougainvillea. J. Nuclear Agri. Biol., 23(2): 114-116
Fufa, H., Baenziger, P.S., Beecher, B.S., Dweikat, I., Graybosch, R.A. and Eskridge, K.M. (2005). Comparison of phenotypic and molecular marker-based classifications of hard red winter wheat cultivars. Euphytica., 145: 133–46
Fu, X., Ning, G., Gao, L. and Bao, M. (2008). Genetic diversity of Dianthus accessions as assessed using two molecular marker systems (SRAPs and ISSRs) and morphological traits. Sci. Hort., 117: 263–270
Gupta, M.N. and Sukla, R. (1974). Mutation breeding in bougainvillea. Indian J. Gen., 34(A): 1295-1299
Gupta, R., Singh, L. and Singh, R. (2006). Growth and flowering behaviour studies in Indian varieties of bougainvillea. In: Proceedings of the National Conference on Bougainvillea pp. 57–62
Hammad, I. (2009). Genetic variation among Bougainvillea glabra cultivars (Nyctaginaceae) Detected by RAPD markers and isozymes patterns. Res. J. Agri. Bio. Sci., 5(1): 63–71
Holttum, R.E. (1938). The cultivated bougainvilleas. Gdnr’s Chron., 103: 164-165
Holttum, R.E. (1955). The cultivated bougainvilleas III: The varieties of Bougainvillea glabra. Malayan Agri. Hort. Assoc. Magazines., 12: 2-11
Holttum, R.E. (1957). Bougainvillea Mary Palmer. Malayan Agri. Hort. Assoc. Magazines., 14: 13
Jayanthi, R., Datta, S.K. and Verma, J.P. (2000). Chemical induced mutation in double bracted cv. ‘Los Bonas Beauty’. Indian Bougainvillea Annual., 15: 9-11
Janakiram, T., Jain, R., Swaroop, K. and Narkar, N.D. (2013). Bougainvilleas- Glory of the garden. ICAR News Letter., 19(1): 6-7
Kannan, M., Sathiyamurthy, V.A. and Shanker, V. (2002). Mutagenic studies on Jasminum sambac. In Floriculture Research Trend in India. Misra, R.L. and Misra Sanyat. (Eds)., Indian Society of Ornamental Horticulture, Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, IARI, New Delhi, pp 209-11
Khoshoo, T.N and Zadoo, S. (1969). New perspectives in bougainvillea breeding. J. Hered., 60(6): 357- 360
Khoshoo, T.N. and Mukherjee, I. (1970). Genetic evolutionary studies in cultivated cannas VI. Origin and Evolution of ornamental taxa. Theor. Appl. Gen., 40: 204-217
Khoshoo, T.N. (1998). Prospectives in bougainvillea breeding. Bougainvillea Newsletter., 6(2): 7-10
Kumar, R. and Prasad, A. (2002). Bougainvillea multipurpose flower plant. Indian Bougainvillea Annual.,17:26-8
Kumar, R., Prasad, A. and Bajpai, P.N. (2002). Variation in Bougainvillea and promising varieties. Indian Bougainvillea Annual., 17: 32–33
Kumar, P.P., Janakiram, T., Bhatt, K.V., Jain, R., Prasad, K.V. and Prabhu, K.V. (2014). Molecular characterization and cultivar identification in Bougainvillea spp. using SSR markers. Indian J. Agri. Sci.,84(8): 1024-30
Kumar, P.P., Janakiram, T., Bhatt, K.V., Prasad, K.V. and Jain, R. (2015). Genetic divergence analysis of bougainvillea (Bougainvillea spp) cultivars using morphological markers. Indian J. Agri. Sci., 85(5): 661–5
Kochhar, V.K. and Ohri, D. (1977). Z Pj1uZucht., 79: 47-51.
Lancaster, P. (1951). The white Bougainvillea in India. J. Royal Hort. Soci., 76: 278
Mabry, T.J. and Dreiding, A.S. (1968). Recent advances in phytochemistry, Appleton- century- crofts, New York, pp. 145-150
Mac Daniels, L.H. (1981). A study of cultivars in Bougainvillea (Nyctaginaceae). Baileya., 21: 77-100
Pal, B.P. and Swarup, V. (1974). Bougainvilleas. ICAR, New Delhi
Raghava, S.P.S. (1999). Genetic improvement of ornamentals in India. J. Ornam. Hort., 2(1): 1-6
Roy, R.K. (1987). Bougainvillea in landscaping. Flower Show Bulletin, Calcutta Flower Growers’ Association pp 21
Swaroop, K., Jain, R. and Janakiram, T. (2015). Effect of different doses of gamma rays for induction of mutation in bougainvillea cv. Mahatma Gandhi. Indian J. Agri. Sci., 85(9): 1245-1247
Swarup, V. and Singh, B. (1995). Genetic Resources of Bougainvilleas. Advances in Horticulture Vol. 12- Ornamental Plants. Eds: Chadha KL and Bhattacharjee SK. Malhotra Publishing House, New Delhi -110 064, India, pp 133-152
Sharma, S.C. (1986). Milestone in the bougainvillea cultivation. Bougainvillea News letter., 6(2):5-6
Sharma, S.C. and Roy, R.K. (2001). Conservation and improvement of bougainvilleas. Indian Bougainvillea Annual., 16: 9–12
Singh, L., Arya, S., Kumar, R., Prasad, A. and Kumar, A. (2010). Correlation coefficient studies in bougainvillea genotypes. Indian Bougainvillea Annual., 23: 50–3
Singh, L., Kumar, R. and Dwivedi, A. (2006). Coefficient of variation and heritability in bougainvillea. Indian Bougainvillea Annual., 19: 22–27
Srivastava, R., Shukla, S., Soni, A. and Kumar, A. (2009). RAPD-based genetic relationships in different Bougainvillea cultivars. Crop Breed. App. Biot., 9: 154–63
Varshney, R.K., Graner, A. and Sorrells, M.E. (2005). Genic microsatellite markers in plants: features and applications. Trends Biot., 23: 48-55
Wight, C.P., Malnar, S.J. and Fedak, G. (1993). Identification of an RAPD marker for the crown rust resistance gene Pc68 in oats. Genome., 36: 818-820
Xu, S., Huang, Q., Shu, Q., Chen, C., Vick, B.A. (2009). Reproductive organography of Bougainvillea spectabilis Wild Sci. Horti., 120: 399-405
Zadoo, S.N. and Khoshoo, T.N. (1975). Cytogenetics of cultivated bougainvilleas I. morphological variation. Proceedings of Indian National Science Academy., 41B: 498- 502
Zadoo, S.N., Roy, R.P. and Khoshoo, T.N. (1976). Cytogenetics of cultivated bougainvilleas VII. Origin and Evolution of ornamental taxa. Indian Hort., 33: 278-288
Anand, N., Selvaraj, Y. and Bhatt, R.N. (1997). Pigmentation studies in certain genotypes of Bougainvillea. J. Ornam. Hort., 5(1-2): 7-11
Arora, R.N. and Pahuja, S.K. (2008). Mutagenesis in guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.). Plant Mut. Rep., 2(1): 7–9
Banerjee, B.K., Nath, P. and Datta, S.K. (1987). Mutation breeding in double bracted bougainvillea cv. ‘Rose Ville’s Delight’. J. Nuclear Agri. Biol., 19(2): 134-136
Banerjee, B.K. and Datta, S.K. (1987). Gamma ray induced chlorophyll variegated mutants in Bougainvillea cv. ‘Los Banos Beauty’. J. Nuclear Agri. Biol., 16(1): 48-50
Banerjee, B.K. (2002). Induction of mutation in multibracted Bougainvillea cultivars ‘Mahara’ and ‘Los Banos Beauty’. Paper presented at ‘National Symposium on Indian Floriculture in new millennium held at Lal Baugh Botanic Garden, Bangalore during Feb 25-26
Banerjee, B.K. (2009). Role of mutation breeding methods in improvement of vegetatively propagated ornamental crops. Paper presented in National Conference on Floriculture for Livelihood and Profitability, held on 16-19 March 2009, at IARI, New Delhi, pp 38
Banerjee, B.K. (2010). Induced mutation in Bougainvillea- A Review. Indian Bougainvillea Annual., 23: 4-8
Banerjee, B.K. (2012). Newly developed bougainvilea cultivars at CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow. Floriculture Today., June: 34-36
Broertjes, C. and Van Harten, A.M. (1988). Ornamental crops. In: Developments in crop science 12 " Applied mutation breeding for vegetatively propagated crops". Elsveir Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 122
Chatterjee, J., Kalam, A., Mandal, A., Chakrabarty, D. and Datta, S.K. (2007). Use of RAPD analysis to determine genetic diversity and relationships among bougainvillea cultivars at intra and inter specific levels. Hort. Envi. Biot., 48(1): 43–51
Cheng, K.T., Chang, H.C., Su, C.H. and Hsu, F.L. (1997). Identification of dried rhizome of Coptis species using random amplified polymorphic DNA. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin., 38: 241-244
Ex Jussieu, C. (1789). Bougainvillea. Gen. Pl., pp 91
Datta, S.K. (1990). Role of mutation breeding in floriculture. In: Plant mutation breeding in crop improvement., 1: 271-281
Datta, S.K. and Banerji, B.K. (1994). ‘Mahara Variegata’- A new mutant of Bougainvillea. J. Nuclear Agri. Biol., 23(2): 114-116
Fufa, H., Baenziger, P.S., Beecher, B.S., Dweikat, I., Graybosch, R.A. and Eskridge, K.M. (2005). Comparison of phenotypic and molecular marker-based classifications of hard red winter wheat cultivars. Euphytica., 145: 133–46
Fu, X., Ning, G., Gao, L. and Bao, M. (2008). Genetic diversity of Dianthus accessions as assessed using two molecular marker systems (SRAPs and ISSRs) and morphological traits. Sci. Hort., 117: 263–270
Gupta, M.N. and Sukla, R. (1974). Mutation breeding in bougainvillea. Indian J. Gen., 34(A): 1295-1299
Gupta, R., Singh, L. and Singh, R. (2006). Growth and flowering behaviour studies in Indian varieties of bougainvillea. In: Proceedings of the National Conference on Bougainvillea pp. 57–62
Hammad, I. (2009). Genetic variation among Bougainvillea glabra cultivars (Nyctaginaceae) Detected by RAPD markers and isozymes patterns. Res. J. Agri. Bio. Sci., 5(1): 63–71
Holttum, R.E. (1938). The cultivated bougainvilleas. Gdnr’s Chron., 103: 164-165
Holttum, R.E. (1955). The cultivated bougainvilleas III: The varieties of Bougainvillea glabra. Malayan Agri. Hort. Assoc. Magazines., 12: 2-11
Holttum, R.E. (1957). Bougainvillea Mary Palmer. Malayan Agri. Hort. Assoc. Magazines., 14: 13
Jayanthi, R., Datta, S.K. and Verma, J.P. (2000). Chemical induced mutation in double bracted cv. ‘Los Bonas Beauty’. Indian Bougainvillea Annual., 15: 9-11
Janakiram, T., Jain, R., Swaroop, K. and Narkar, N.D. (2013). Bougainvilleas- Glory of the garden. ICAR News Letter., 19(1): 6-7
Kannan, M., Sathiyamurthy, V.A. and Shanker, V. (2002). Mutagenic studies on Jasminum sambac. In Floriculture Research Trend in India. Misra, R.L. and Misra Sanyat. (Eds)., Indian Society of Ornamental Horticulture, Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, IARI, New Delhi, pp 209-11
Khoshoo, T.N and Zadoo, S. (1969). New perspectives in bougainvillea breeding. J. Hered., 60(6): 357- 360
Khoshoo, T.N. and Mukherjee, I. (1970). Genetic evolutionary studies in cultivated cannas VI. Origin and Evolution of ornamental taxa. Theor. Appl. Gen., 40: 204-217
Khoshoo, T.N. (1998). Prospectives in bougainvillea breeding. Bougainvillea Newsletter., 6(2): 7-10
Kumar, R. and Prasad, A. (2002). Bougainvillea multipurpose flower plant. Indian Bougainvillea Annual.,17:26-8
Kumar, R., Prasad, A. and Bajpai, P.N. (2002). Variation in Bougainvillea and promising varieties. Indian Bougainvillea Annual., 17: 32–33
Kumar, P.P., Janakiram, T., Bhatt, K.V., Jain, R., Prasad, K.V. and Prabhu, K.V. (2014). Molecular characterization and cultivar identification in Bougainvillea spp. using SSR markers. Indian J. Agri. Sci.,84(8): 1024-30
Kumar, P.P., Janakiram, T., Bhatt, K.V., Prasad, K.V. and Jain, R. (2015). Genetic divergence analysis of bougainvillea (Bougainvillea spp) cultivars using morphological markers. Indian J. Agri. Sci., 85(5): 661–5
Kochhar, V.K. and Ohri, D. (1977). Z Pj1uZucht., 79: 47-51.
Lancaster, P. (1951). The white Bougainvillea in India. J. Royal Hort. Soci., 76: 278
Mabry, T.J. and Dreiding, A.S. (1968). Recent advances in phytochemistry, Appleton- century- crofts, New York, pp. 145-150
Mac Daniels, L.H. (1981). A study of cultivars in Bougainvillea (Nyctaginaceae). Baileya., 21: 77-100
Pal, B.P. and Swarup, V. (1974). Bougainvilleas. ICAR, New Delhi
Raghava, S.P.S. (1999). Genetic improvement of ornamentals in India. J. Ornam. Hort., 2(1): 1-6
Roy, R.K. (1987). Bougainvillea in landscaping. Flower Show Bulletin, Calcutta Flower Growers’ Association pp 21
Swaroop, K., Jain, R. and Janakiram, T. (2015). Effect of different doses of gamma rays for induction of mutation in bougainvillea cv. Mahatma Gandhi. Indian J. Agri. Sci., 85(9): 1245-1247
Swarup, V. and Singh, B. (1995). Genetic Resources of Bougainvilleas. Advances in Horticulture Vol. 12- Ornamental Plants. Eds: Chadha KL and Bhattacharjee SK. Malhotra Publishing House, New Delhi -110 064, India, pp 133-152
Sharma, S.C. (1986). Milestone in the bougainvillea cultivation. Bougainvillea News letter., 6(2):5-6
Sharma, S.C. and Roy, R.K. (2001). Conservation and improvement of bougainvilleas. Indian Bougainvillea Annual., 16: 9–12
Singh, L., Arya, S., Kumar, R., Prasad, A. and Kumar, A. (2010). Correlation coefficient studies in bougainvillea genotypes. Indian Bougainvillea Annual., 23: 50–3
Singh, L., Kumar, R. and Dwivedi, A. (2006). Coefficient of variation and heritability in bougainvillea. Indian Bougainvillea Annual., 19: 22–27
Srivastava, R., Shukla, S., Soni, A. and Kumar, A. (2009). RAPD-based genetic relationships in different Bougainvillea cultivars. Crop Breed. App. Biot., 9: 154–63
Varshney, R.K., Graner, A. and Sorrells, M.E. (2005). Genic microsatellite markers in plants: features and applications. Trends Biot., 23: 48-55
Wight, C.P., Malnar, S.J. and Fedak, G. (1993). Identification of an RAPD marker for the crown rust resistance gene Pc68 in oats. Genome., 36: 818-820
Xu, S., Huang, Q., Shu, Q., Chen, C., Vick, B.A. (2009). Reproductive organography of Bougainvillea spectabilis Wild Sci. Horti., 120: 399-405
Zadoo, S.N. and Khoshoo, T.N. (1975). Cytogenetics of cultivated bougainvilleas I. morphological variation. Proceedings of Indian National Science Academy., 41B: 498- 502
Zadoo, S.N., Roy, R.P. and Khoshoo, T.N. (1976). Cytogenetics of cultivated bougainvilleas VII. Origin and Evolution of ornamental taxa. Indian Hort., 33: 278-288
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Evolution in Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea Commers.) - A review. (2017). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 9(3), 1489-1494. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i3.1389
