Variation in physico-chemical properties of soil under different agri-horti system in Vindhyan region
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Abstract
Adoption of unsuitable production system may lead to deterioration of soil physico-chemical properties. Hence, it becomes important to assess the impact of various production systems. For this purpose, a study was carried out to find out variation in physico-chemical properties of soil in agri-horti system based four orchards of Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, India. Soil samples were collected from the orchards of custard apple (Annona reticulate), guava (Psidium guajava), bael (Aegle marmelos) and crane berry (Carissa carandas) from two depths (0-15 and 15-30 cm) separately within canopy and out of canopy of different plants. The results of the study revealed that all the agri-horti systems were effective in bringing gradual improvement in the physico-chemical properties of the soil. Among different orchards tried, the custard apple system resulted in the highest improvement in temperature (27.16 oC), moisture (24.53 %) and water-holding capacity (41.80 %), whereas crane berry based system recorded better result in case of bulk density, porosity, electrical conductivity, pH, organic carbon, available N (187.55 kg ha-1) and K (193.46 kg ha-1). Custard apple based system recorded highest DTPA extractable micronutrients (Zn 0.54, Fe 17.23, Cu 0.88 and Mn14.72 mg ka-1).
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Keywords
Agri-harti based orchard, Depth of soil, Physico-chemical properties of soil, Plant canopy
References
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Bassirani, N., Abolhassani, M. and Galavi, M. (2011). Distribution of available micronutrients as related to the soil characteristics of Hissar; Haryana (India). African J. of Agric. Res., 6(18): 4239-4242
Brady, N. C. and Weil, R. R. (2002). The nature and properties of soils, 13th Ed. Prentice- Hall Inc., New Jersey, USA. 960 p
Bray, R. H. and Kurtz, L. T. (1954). Determination of total organic and available forms of phosphorous in soil. Soil science.59: 39-45.
Chesnin, L. and Yien, C. H. (1951). Turbidimetric determination of available sulphur. Proceeding of Soil Sci. of America, 15: 149-151
Chopra, S. L. and Kanwar, J. S. (1988). Analytic Agriculture Chemistry, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
Eldridge, D. and Wong, V. (2005). Clumped and isolated trees influence soil nutrient levels in an Australian temperate box woodland. Plant & Soil, 270: 331-342
Fida, M., Khan, S., Razzaq, A., Nawaz, I. and Izhar-ul-Haq (2011). Fertility status of guava orchards in Kohat district of Pakistan. J. of Soil Sci. and Environ. Manag., 3(9): 260-269.
Fortin, M. C. (1993). Soil temperature, soil water and no-till corn development following in-row residue removal. Agronomy J., 85: 571-576
Gang, L. X., Li , F., Min, Z. R., Yan, Z. Z. and Singh, B. (2007). Soil physical properties and their relations to organic carbon pools as affected by land use in an alpine pastureland. CAB Abstracts Geoderma, 139(1/2): 98-105
Ghuge, S. D. (2002). Fertility status of sugarcane growing soils under Balaghat Shetkari Co¬-operative sugar factory Ujana. M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis submitted to M.K.V., Parbhani.
Gregorich, E. G., Ellert, B. H. and Monreal, C. M. (1995). Turnover of soil organic matter and storage of corn residue carbon estimated from natural 13C abundance. Canadian J. of Soil Sci., 75: 161-164
Gupta, J. P. (1983). Soil and moisture conservation for increasing crop production in arid lands. Annual report. Jodhpur, India: CAZRI.
Hanway, J. J. and Heidel, H. (1969). Soil analysis method as used in Iowa State, College and Soil Testing Laboratory. Iowa Agriculture. Bulletin, 57: 1-131
Jackson, M. L. (1973). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Kumar, D. and Pandey, V. (2004). A short note on vegetative growth of Aonla as influenced by intercrops under rainfed conditions of Agra. Orissa J. of horti., 32 (2): 109–111
Kumar, D., Singh S. and Kumar, P. (2009). Forms of sulphurin some soils of Mirzapur district of Uttar Pradesh. J. of Res. (BAU), 21(2): 115-121
Kumar, R., Rawat, K. S. and Yadav, B. (2012). Vertical, distribution of physico-chemical properties under different Topo-sequence in soil of Jharkhand. J. of Agri. Physics, 12(1): 63-69
Lindsay, W. L. and Norvell, W. A. (1978). Development of DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper”. Soil Sci. Soci. of Amer., J.42: 421-428
Lipiec, J., Kus, J., Ska-Jurkiewicz, A. S. and Nosalewicz, A. (2005). Soil porosity and water infiltration as influenced by tillage methods. Soil and Till. Res., 89(2): 210-220
Maheswarappa, H. P., Hegda, M. B., Dhanapal, R. and Biddappa. C. (1998). Mixed forming in coconut garden: Its impact on soil physical, chemical properties, coconut nutrition, and yield. J.of Plant. Crops, 26 (2): 39–143
Manna, M. C. and Singh. M. V. (2001). Long-term effects of intercropping and biolitter recycling on soil biological activity and fertility status of subtropical soils. Bioresource Tech., 76 (2): 143–150
Mehvish, F., Khan, S., Razzaq, A., Nawaz, I. and Izhar-ul-Haq (2011).Fertility status of guava orchards in Kohat District of Pakistan. J. of Soil Sci. and Environ. Manage., 3(9): 260-268
Mengel, K. and Kirkby, E. A. (1987). Principles of plant nutrition. Panima Publication Corporation, New Delhi, Bangalore, India. 687p
Nair, P. K. R. (1984). Role of trees in soil productivity and conservation. Soil productivity aspects of agro-forestry. The International Council for Research in Agro-Forestry. Nairobi, Pp. 85
Narain, P. and Singh, R. (1985). Indian For., I ll: 230-239. Production. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., U.S.A. Malabar, Florida. 413 p
Nath, V. B., Das, M., Rai, P., Dey, Kumar, S. and Kumar, M. (2003). Mango-based cropping system for uplands of subhumid plateau region of eastern India. Progressive Horti., 35 (2): 142–145
Nwankwo, C. and Ogagarue, D. (2012). An Investigation of Temperature Variation at Soil Depths in Parts of Southern Nigeria. Ameri. J. of Environ. Engin., 2(5): 142-147
Obrador, J. J. and Moreno, G. (2006). Soil nutrient status and forage yield at varying distances from trees in four dehesas in Extremadura, Spain. In 'Silvopastoralism and Sustainable Land Management: International Congress on Silvopastoralism and Sustainable Management Held in Lugo, Spain April 2004'. (Eds MR Mosquera-Losada, A Riguero-Rodriguez, J McAdam) pp. 278-280. (CABI Publishing: Oxfordshire, UK) of Soil Science (IInd Ed.) ISBN 81-903797-4-7.pp 317-328
Odewumi, S. G., Iwara, A. I. and Ogundele, F. O. (2013). Effects of teak (Tectona grandis) cultivation on soil physical and chemical properties in Ajibode community, Ibadan, Oyo state. 1 Dept. of Geography and Planning, Lagos State University, Nigeria 2 Dept. of Geography, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Padmaja, G. and Singh, R. A. (1999). Status of potassium found in Alfisols of southern Telangana zone Of Andhra Pradesh. J. of Potassium Res., 15(1/4): 25
Pulakeshi, H. B. P., Patil, P. L., Dasog, G. S., Radder, B. M., Bidari, B. I. and Mansur, C. P. (2012). Mapping of nutrient status by geographic information system (GIS) in Mantagani village under northern transition zone of Karnataka. Karnataka J.of Agri. Sci., 25(3): 332-335
Rodrigues, M. Â., Lopes, J. I. Pavão, F. M., Cabanas, J. E. and Arrobas, M. (2011). Effect of soil management on olive yield and nutritional status of trees in rainfed orchards. Communi. Soil Sci. and Plant Anal., 42: 993-1007
Sarkar, D., Haldar, A., Majumdar A. and Velayntham, M. (2000). Distribution of micronutrient cations in some Inceptisols and Entisols of Madhubani district of Bihar. J. of the Indian Soci. of Soil Sci., 48: 202-205
Sharif, M., Qayyum, A. and Khattak, J. K. (1998). Nutrients status of citrus orchard soil in Swat vally. Sarhad J. of Agri., 14 (3): 241-247
Sharma, C. (2015). Physico-Chemical Properties of Soils with Special Reference to Organic Carbon Stock under Different Land Use Systems in Dimoria Tribal Belt of Assam. J. of Agri. and Veteri. Sci., 8 (3): 32-36
Sharma, J. C. and Chaudhary, S. K. (2007). Vertical distribution of micronutrient cations in relation to soil characteristics in lower shiwaliks of solan in North-west Himalayas. J. of the Indian Soci. of Soil Sci., 55: 40-44
Sharma, R. P., Singh, M. and Sharma, J. P. (2003). Correlation studies on micronutrients vis-à-vis soil properties in some soils of Nagaur district in semi-arid region of Rajasthan. J. of the Indian Soci.of Soil Sci., 51(4): 522-527
Subbiah, B. V. and Asija, G. L. (1956). A rapid procedure for estimation of nitrogen in soils. Current Scie., 25: 259-260
Swain, S. C. and Patro, L. (2006). Intercropping in guava orchard: A holistic farming system approach for sustainable development of environment and society. In Proceedings of the National Conference on Biodiversity Conservation for Sustainable Society, eds. K. Mishra and S. K. Palita, 78–83. Nayagarh, Orissa: Nayagarh College.
Swain, S. C. and. Patro, L. (2007). Horticulture-based cropping system: A strategy for sustainable development in rainfed upland. In Environmental hazards, ed. L. Patro and S. N. Tripathy, 44–69. New Delhi: Sonali.
Tisdale, S. L., Nelson, W. L., Beaton, J. D. and Havlin, J. L. (1995) Soil fertility and fertilizer, 5th Ed. Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi. 684 p
Varghese, P. T., Nelliat, E. V. and Balakrishnan, T. K. (1978). Beneficial interactions of coconut–cocoa crop combination. In Proceedings of the First Symposium on Plantation Crops, ed. E. V. Nelliat, V. Ranganathan, S. Vishveswara, S. N. Potti, and P. K. Zachariah, 383–392. Kasaragod, India: Placrosum.
Watanab, F. S. and Olsen, S. R. (1965). Test of an ascorbic acid method for determination phosphorus in water NaHCO3 extract from soil. Soil Sci. Soci. of Ameri.- proceeding., 29: 677-678
Yadav, B. R. Gupta, R. N. and Singh, B. D. (1977). Catanary relationship existing among the soil of lower vindhyan plateau in (U. P.). J. of the Indian Soci. of Soil Sci., 25: 253-257
Young, A. (1991). Soil fertility. In: Biophysical Research for Asian Agroforestry (M. E. Avery, M. G. R. Cannel, and C. K. Ong Eds). Winrock International USA and South Asia Books, USA. Pp. 187-208
Zia, M. J., Ahmad, R., Khaliq, I., Ahmad, A. and Irshad, M. (2006). Micronutrient status and management in orchard soil: applied aspects. Soil Environment,25(1):6-16
Aulakh, P. S., Vij, V. K. and Baidwan R. P. S. (2004). Studies on the effects of intercrop biomass on soil and tree health of Kinnow Mandarin. New Delhi: Indian Society of Horticulture.
Bassirani, N., Abolhassani, M. and Galavi, M. (2011). Distribution of available micronutrients as related to the soil characteristics of Hissar; Haryana (India). African J. of Agric. Res., 6(18): 4239-4242
Brady, N. C. and Weil, R. R. (2002). The nature and properties of soils, 13th Ed. Prentice- Hall Inc., New Jersey, USA. 960 p
Bray, R. H. and Kurtz, L. T. (1954). Determination of total organic and available forms of phosphorous in soil. Soil science.59: 39-45.
Chesnin, L. and Yien, C. H. (1951). Turbidimetric determination of available sulphur. Proceeding of Soil Sci. of America, 15: 149-151
Chopra, S. L. and Kanwar, J. S. (1988). Analytic Agriculture Chemistry, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
Eldridge, D. and Wong, V. (2005). Clumped and isolated trees influence soil nutrient levels in an Australian temperate box woodland. Plant & Soil, 270: 331-342
Fida, M., Khan, S., Razzaq, A., Nawaz, I. and Izhar-ul-Haq (2011). Fertility status of guava orchards in Kohat district of Pakistan. J. of Soil Sci. and Environ. Manag., 3(9): 260-269.
Fortin, M. C. (1993). Soil temperature, soil water and no-till corn development following in-row residue removal. Agronomy J., 85: 571-576
Gang, L. X., Li , F., Min, Z. R., Yan, Z. Z. and Singh, B. (2007). Soil physical properties and their relations to organic carbon pools as affected by land use in an alpine pastureland. CAB Abstracts Geoderma, 139(1/2): 98-105
Ghuge, S. D. (2002). Fertility status of sugarcane growing soils under Balaghat Shetkari Co¬-operative sugar factory Ujana. M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis submitted to M.K.V., Parbhani.
Gregorich, E. G., Ellert, B. H. and Monreal, C. M. (1995). Turnover of soil organic matter and storage of corn residue carbon estimated from natural 13C abundance. Canadian J. of Soil Sci., 75: 161-164
Gupta, J. P. (1983). Soil and moisture conservation for increasing crop production in arid lands. Annual report. Jodhpur, India: CAZRI.
Hanway, J. J. and Heidel, H. (1969). Soil analysis method as used in Iowa State, College and Soil Testing Laboratory. Iowa Agriculture. Bulletin, 57: 1-131
Jackson, M. L. (1973). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Kumar, D. and Pandey, V. (2004). A short note on vegetative growth of Aonla as influenced by intercrops under rainfed conditions of Agra. Orissa J. of horti., 32 (2): 109–111
Kumar, D., Singh S. and Kumar, P. (2009). Forms of sulphurin some soils of Mirzapur district of Uttar Pradesh. J. of Res. (BAU), 21(2): 115-121
Kumar, R., Rawat, K. S. and Yadav, B. (2012). Vertical, distribution of physico-chemical properties under different Topo-sequence in soil of Jharkhand. J. of Agri. Physics, 12(1): 63-69
Lindsay, W. L. and Norvell, W. A. (1978). Development of DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper”. Soil Sci. Soci. of Amer., J.42: 421-428
Lipiec, J., Kus, J., Ska-Jurkiewicz, A. S. and Nosalewicz, A. (2005). Soil porosity and water infiltration as influenced by tillage methods. Soil and Till. Res., 89(2): 210-220
Maheswarappa, H. P., Hegda, M. B., Dhanapal, R. and Biddappa. C. (1998). Mixed forming in coconut garden: Its impact on soil physical, chemical properties, coconut nutrition, and yield. J.of Plant. Crops, 26 (2): 39–143
Manna, M. C. and Singh. M. V. (2001). Long-term effects of intercropping and biolitter recycling on soil biological activity and fertility status of subtropical soils. Bioresource Tech., 76 (2): 143–150
Mehvish, F., Khan, S., Razzaq, A., Nawaz, I. and Izhar-ul-Haq (2011).Fertility status of guava orchards in Kohat District of Pakistan. J. of Soil Sci. and Environ. Manage., 3(9): 260-268
Mengel, K. and Kirkby, E. A. (1987). Principles of plant nutrition. Panima Publication Corporation, New Delhi, Bangalore, India. 687p
Nair, P. K. R. (1984). Role of trees in soil productivity and conservation. Soil productivity aspects of agro-forestry. The International Council for Research in Agro-Forestry. Nairobi, Pp. 85
Narain, P. and Singh, R. (1985). Indian For., I ll: 230-239. Production. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., U.S.A. Malabar, Florida. 413 p
Nath, V. B., Das, M., Rai, P., Dey, Kumar, S. and Kumar, M. (2003). Mango-based cropping system for uplands of subhumid plateau region of eastern India. Progressive Horti., 35 (2): 142–145
Nwankwo, C. and Ogagarue, D. (2012). An Investigation of Temperature Variation at Soil Depths in Parts of Southern Nigeria. Ameri. J. of Environ. Engin., 2(5): 142-147
Obrador, J. J. and Moreno, G. (2006). Soil nutrient status and forage yield at varying distances from trees in four dehesas in Extremadura, Spain. In 'Silvopastoralism and Sustainable Land Management: International Congress on Silvopastoralism and Sustainable Management Held in Lugo, Spain April 2004'. (Eds MR Mosquera-Losada, A Riguero-Rodriguez, J McAdam) pp. 278-280. (CABI Publishing: Oxfordshire, UK) of Soil Science (IInd Ed.) ISBN 81-903797-4-7.pp 317-328
Odewumi, S. G., Iwara, A. I. and Ogundele, F. O. (2013). Effects of teak (Tectona grandis) cultivation on soil physical and chemical properties in Ajibode community, Ibadan, Oyo state. 1 Dept. of Geography and Planning, Lagos State University, Nigeria 2 Dept. of Geography, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Padmaja, G. and Singh, R. A. (1999). Status of potassium found in Alfisols of southern Telangana zone Of Andhra Pradesh. J. of Potassium Res., 15(1/4): 25
Pulakeshi, H. B. P., Patil, P. L., Dasog, G. S., Radder, B. M., Bidari, B. I. and Mansur, C. P. (2012). Mapping of nutrient status by geographic information system (GIS) in Mantagani village under northern transition zone of Karnataka. Karnataka J.of Agri. Sci., 25(3): 332-335
Rodrigues, M. Â., Lopes, J. I. Pavão, F. M., Cabanas, J. E. and Arrobas, M. (2011). Effect of soil management on olive yield and nutritional status of trees in rainfed orchards. Communi. Soil Sci. and Plant Anal., 42: 993-1007
Sarkar, D., Haldar, A., Majumdar A. and Velayntham, M. (2000). Distribution of micronutrient cations in some Inceptisols and Entisols of Madhubani district of Bihar. J. of the Indian Soci. of Soil Sci., 48: 202-205
Sharif, M., Qayyum, A. and Khattak, J. K. (1998). Nutrients status of citrus orchard soil in Swat vally. Sarhad J. of Agri., 14 (3): 241-247
Sharma, C. (2015). Physico-Chemical Properties of Soils with Special Reference to Organic Carbon Stock under Different Land Use Systems in Dimoria Tribal Belt of Assam. J. of Agri. and Veteri. Sci., 8 (3): 32-36
Sharma, J. C. and Chaudhary, S. K. (2007). Vertical distribution of micronutrient cations in relation to soil characteristics in lower shiwaliks of solan in North-west Himalayas. J. of the Indian Soci. of Soil Sci., 55: 40-44
Sharma, R. P., Singh, M. and Sharma, J. P. (2003). Correlation studies on micronutrients vis-à-vis soil properties in some soils of Nagaur district in semi-arid region of Rajasthan. J. of the Indian Soci.of Soil Sci., 51(4): 522-527
Subbiah, B. V. and Asija, G. L. (1956). A rapid procedure for estimation of nitrogen in soils. Current Scie., 25: 259-260
Swain, S. C. and Patro, L. (2006). Intercropping in guava orchard: A holistic farming system approach for sustainable development of environment and society. In Proceedings of the National Conference on Biodiversity Conservation for Sustainable Society, eds. K. Mishra and S. K. Palita, 78–83. Nayagarh, Orissa: Nayagarh College.
Swain, S. C. and. Patro, L. (2007). Horticulture-based cropping system: A strategy for sustainable development in rainfed upland. In Environmental hazards, ed. L. Patro and S. N. Tripathy, 44–69. New Delhi: Sonali.
Tisdale, S. L., Nelson, W. L., Beaton, J. D. and Havlin, J. L. (1995) Soil fertility and fertilizer, 5th Ed. Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi. 684 p
Varghese, P. T., Nelliat, E. V. and Balakrishnan, T. K. (1978). Beneficial interactions of coconut–cocoa crop combination. In Proceedings of the First Symposium on Plantation Crops, ed. E. V. Nelliat, V. Ranganathan, S. Vishveswara, S. N. Potti, and P. K. Zachariah, 383–392. Kasaragod, India: Placrosum.
Watanab, F. S. and Olsen, S. R. (1965). Test of an ascorbic acid method for determination phosphorus in water NaHCO3 extract from soil. Soil Sci. Soci. of Ameri.- proceeding., 29: 677-678
Yadav, B. R. Gupta, R. N. and Singh, B. D. (1977). Catanary relationship existing among the soil of lower vindhyan plateau in (U. P.). J. of the Indian Soci. of Soil Sci., 25: 253-257
Young, A. (1991). Soil fertility. In: Biophysical Research for Asian Agroforestry (M. E. Avery, M. G. R. Cannel, and C. K. Ong Eds). Winrock International USA and South Asia Books, USA. Pp. 187-208
Zia, M. J., Ahmad, R., Khaliq, I., Ahmad, A. and Irshad, M. (2006). Micronutrient status and management in orchard soil: applied aspects. Soil Environment,25(1):6-16
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Variation in physico-chemical properties of soil under different agri-horti system in Vindhyan region. (2017). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 9(2), 1187-1193. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i2.1344
