Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) genetic resources for climate change intervention and its future breeding
Article Main
Abstract
Linseed or flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), a multiple purpose crop valued for its seed oil, fibre, probiotic and nutraceutical properties, is adapted to different environments and agro-ecologies. Modern breeding techniques using only limited number of selected varieties have resulted in a loss of specific alleles and thus, reduction in total genetic diversity relevant to climate-smart agriculture. However, well-curated collections of landraces, wild linseed accessions and other Linum species exist in the gene banks and are important sources of new alleles. This review is primarily focused on the studies of genetic diversity of linseed species and evaluation related to tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress factors that could be useful for improving linseed through future promising breeding programs in addition to briefly discussing different morphotypes and nutraceutical importance. Wide diversity in linseed germplasm indicates a considerable potential for improving this crop for both agronomic and quality traits required for developing climate-resilience tailored to specific environments. Recent release of the flax genome sequence coupled with wide range of genomic and analytical tools in public domain has furthered understanding of molecular mechanisms for detailed study of the genes underlying flax adaptation to stress and diversity in commercially important accessions. Important climate related traits and their constituent genes are presented and key developments for the future highlighted emphasizing the urgent need to increase the use of genetically diverse germplasm to meet the emerging challenges in agricultural production and to conserve valuable genetic resources for the future.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Climate change, Genebank, Genetic resources, Germplasm characterization, Linseed
References
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Dikshit, N. and Sivaraj, N. (2015). Analysis of agro-morphological diversity and oil content in Indian linseed germplasm. Grasas Aceites, 66(1): e060. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.0689141
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DIVSEEK. (2016). DivSeek: harnessing crop diversity to feed the future. Retrieved August, 2016 from www.divseek.org/.
Dwivedi, C., Natarajan, K. and Matthees, D. P. (2005). Chemopreventive effects of dietary flaxseed oil on colon tumor development. Nutr. Cancer, 51(1): 52–58
El-Beltagi, H. S. (2008). Some biochemical markers for evaluation of flax cultivars under salt stress conditions. Nat. Fibers., 5(4): 316–30.
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Fu, Y. B. (2005). Geographic patterns of RAPD variation in cultivated flax. Crop Sci., 45(3): 1084–1091
Fu, Y. B. (2011). Genetic evidence for early flax domestication with capsular dehiscence. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol., 58: 1119–1128
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Gorshkova, T., Gurjanov, O., Mikshina, P., Ibragimova, N., Mokshina, N., Salnikov, V., Ageeva, M., Amenitskii, S., Chernova, T. and Chemikosova, S. (2010). Specific type of secondary cell wall formed by plant fibers. Russian J. Plant Physiol., 57(3): 328–341
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Gupta, U. S. (2007). Physiology of stressed crops. Georgia, USA, Science Publishers.
Heslop-Harrison, J. S. and Schwarzacher, T. (2012). Genetics and genomics of crop domestication. In: Altman, A. and Hasegawa, P. M. (eds.) Plant biotechnology and agriculture: Prospects for the 21st century. Elsevier Academic, USA, Pp. 3–18
Hosseinian, F. S., Rowland, G. G., Bhirud, P. R., Dych, J. H. and Tyler, R. T. (2004). Chemical composition and physicochemical and hydrogenation characteristics of high-palmitic acid solin (low linolenic acid flaxseed) oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 81: 185–188
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Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) genetic resources for climate change intervention and its future breeding. (2017). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 9(2), 1112-1118. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i2.1331
