Response of Strawberry plant (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) to inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma viride
Article Main
Abstract
The present paper represents the positive role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi as biofertilizers in strawberry. Experiments were carried out to assess the effectiveness of Trichoderma viride and AM fungi (Glomus mosseae and Acaulospora laevis) alone or in combination, on the growth and biomass production of strawberry. After 120 days, dual inoculation of A. laevis + T. viride showed maximum increase in plant height (30.5±0.3), fresh shoot weight (10.16±0.20), dry shoot weight (2.82±0.02), fresh root weight (6.70±0.10), total chlorophyll (0.841±0.05) and phosphorus content in root (1.13±0.02) as compared to control. However root colonization and AM spore number were maximum in G. mosseae + A. lavies (90.76±1.32) and in G. mosseae (211.16±2.56) respectively as compared to uninoculated plants. Triple inoculation of G. mosseae + A. laevis + T. viride (12.33± 057) was effective in increasing the leaf area.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Strawberry, Glomus mosseae, Acaulospora laevis, Trichoderma viride
References
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Arnon, D.T. (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts polyphenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiol., 24: 1-5.
Atul-Nayyar, A., Hamel, C., Hanson, K. and Germida, J. (2009). The Arbuscular Mycorrhizal symbiosis links Nmineralization to plant demand. Mycorrhiza, 19: 239-246.
Awad, S.M. (1999). Response of flame grape transplant to mycorrhizal inoculation and phosphorus fertilization. Egyptian J. Hort., 26 (3): 421- 423.
Eswarappa, H., Sukhada, M., Gowda, K.N. and Mohandas,S. (2002). Effect of VAM fungi on banana. Curr. Res., 31 (5- 6): 69-70.
Farahani, H.A., Valadabadi, S.A. and Khalvati, M.A. (2009). Interactive effects of P supply and drought on root growth of the Mycorrhizal coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). J. Plant Breed. Crop. Sci., 1 (5): 217-212.
Gerdemann, J.W. and Nicolson, Y. H. (1963). Spores of mycorrhizae Endogone spp. extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc., 46: 235-244.
Guillemin, J.P., Gianinazzi, S. and Gianinazzi-Pearson,V. (1991). Endomycorrhization of in vitro plants of Ananas Cosmosus. Fruits, 46: 355-358
Guillemin, J.P., Gianinazzi, S. and Trouvelot, A. (1992). Screening of arbusular endomycorrhizal fungi for establishment of micropropagated pineapple plants. Agronomie, 12(10): 831- 836.
Jackson, M. L. (1973). Soil chemical analysis. Printice Hall, New Delhi, 485 p.
Karagiannidis, N. and Velimis, D. (2000). Mycorrhizal status in an orchard area in western Macedonia (Greece). Agrochimica, 44 (3-4): 151- 159.
Karthikeyan, B., Joe, M.M. and Jaleel, C.A. (2009). Response of some medicinal plants to vesicular arbuscular Mycorrhizal inoculations. J. Sci. Res.,1 (1): 381-386.
Kumar, A., Kaushish, S. and Aggarwal, A. (2009). Species diversity of the genus Glomus associated with some important medicinal plants. J. Indian Bot. Soc., 88 (1-2): 80-86.
Lovato, P., Guillemin, J.P. and Gianinazzi, S. (1992). Application of commercial arbuscular endomycorrhizal fungal inoculants to the establishment of micrporopagated grapevine root-stock and pineapple plants. Agronomie, 12 (10): 873-880.
Manjunath, V.G., Patil, C.P., Swamy, G.S.K. and Patil, P.B. (2002). Effects of different VAM fungi and phosphorus levels on yield and yield components of papaya. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci.,15 (2): 336-342.
Manoharachary, C., Kunwar, I.K., Reddy, S.V. and Adholeya, A. (2009). Ecological implications and ectomycorrhiza. Mycorrhiza News, 21(1): 2-8.
Mathur, N. and Vyas, A. (1995). Influence of VA mycorrhizae on net photosynthesis and transpiration of Zizyphus mauritiana. J. Plant Physiol., 147 (3/4): 328-330.
Mathur, N. and Vyas, A. (1996). Physiological changes in Zizyphus mauritiana by different VAM fungi. Indian For., 122 (6): 501-506.
Morton, J.B. and Benny, G.L. (1990). Revised classification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Zygomycetes). A new order, Glomales, two new suborders, Glomineae and Gigasporineae, and two new families, Acaulosporaceae and Gigasporaceae, with an emendation of Glomaceae. Mycotaxon, 37 : 471-491
Nemec, S. and Vu, J.C.V. (1990). Effect of soil P and Glomus intraradices on growth, non-structural carbohydrates and photosynthetic activity of Citrus aurantium. Plant Soil, 128: 257- 263.
Parkash, V., Sharma, S., Kaushish, S. and Aggarwal, A. (2009). Effect of soil sterilization on bio-inoculants activity in establishment of Acacia catechu Willd. Phytomorphology, 59 (1-2): 57-63.
Patil, Pradeep, B. and Patil, Chaya, P. (2007). Mycorrhizal biotechnology for increasing growth and productivity of fruit plants. In: The Mycorrhizae Diversity, Ecology and Applications, (Eds.) Tiwari, M. and Sati, S.C, Daya Publ. House, Delhi, Pp. 57-86.
Phillips, J.M. and Hayman, D.S. (1970). Improved procedure for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesiculararbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of colonization. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 55 : 158-160.
Schellenbaum, L., Berta , G., Ravolanirina, E., Tisserant, B., Gianinazzi, S. and Fitter, A.H. (1991). Influence of endomycorrhizal infection on root morphology in a micrpropagated woody plant species (Vitis vinifera L.). Ann. Bot., 68 (2): 135-141.
Schenck, N.C. and Perez, Y. (1990). Manual for the identification of VA mycorrhizal fungi. Publ. IN VAM Florida Univ. Gainesville, USA, Pp. 245.
Sharma, S.D, Bhutani, V.P. and Dohroo, N.P. (1998). Occurrence of VAM fungi under old apple orchards. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 46 (1): 143-144.
Sharma, S.D., Kumar, P., Singh, S.K. and Patel, V.B. (2009). Indigenous AM fungi and Azotobacter isolates, and their screening from citrus seedlings at different levels of inorganic fertilizers application. Indian J. Hort., 66 (2): 183-189
Tanwar, A., Kumar, A., Sharma, S. and Aggarwal, A. (2008). Status and biodiversity of endomycorrhizl fungi associated with some vegetables crops. Pb. Univ. Res. J. (Sci.), 58: 35-46.
Thaker, M.N. and Fasrai, Y.T. (2002). VAM and better growth of micropropagated Banana. Mycorrhiza News, 14 (2): 16- 18.
Walker, C. and Sanders, F.E. (1986). Taxonomic concepts in the Endogonaceae III. The separation of Scutellospora gen. nov. from Gigaspora Gerd. and Trappe. Mycotaxon, 27: 162-182.
Arnon, D.T. (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts polyphenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiol., 24: 1-5.
Atul-Nayyar, A., Hamel, C., Hanson, K. and Germida, J. (2009). The Arbuscular Mycorrhizal symbiosis links Nmineralization to plant demand. Mycorrhiza, 19: 239-246.
Awad, S.M. (1999). Response of flame grape transplant to mycorrhizal inoculation and phosphorus fertilization. Egyptian J. Hort., 26 (3): 421- 423.
Eswarappa, H., Sukhada, M., Gowda, K.N. and Mohandas,S. (2002). Effect of VAM fungi on banana. Curr. Res., 31 (5- 6): 69-70.
Farahani, H.A., Valadabadi, S.A. and Khalvati, M.A. (2009). Interactive effects of P supply and drought on root growth of the Mycorrhizal coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). J. Plant Breed. Crop. Sci., 1 (5): 217-212.
Gerdemann, J.W. and Nicolson, Y. H. (1963). Spores of mycorrhizae Endogone spp. extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc., 46: 235-244.
Guillemin, J.P., Gianinazzi, S. and Gianinazzi-Pearson,V. (1991). Endomycorrhization of in vitro plants of Ananas Cosmosus. Fruits, 46: 355-358
Guillemin, J.P., Gianinazzi, S. and Trouvelot, A. (1992). Screening of arbusular endomycorrhizal fungi for establishment of micropropagated pineapple plants. Agronomie, 12(10): 831- 836.
Jackson, M. L. (1973). Soil chemical analysis. Printice Hall, New Delhi, 485 p.
Karagiannidis, N. and Velimis, D. (2000). Mycorrhizal status in an orchard area in western Macedonia (Greece). Agrochimica, 44 (3-4): 151- 159.
Karthikeyan, B., Joe, M.M. and Jaleel, C.A. (2009). Response of some medicinal plants to vesicular arbuscular Mycorrhizal inoculations. J. Sci. Res.,1 (1): 381-386.
Kumar, A., Kaushish, S. and Aggarwal, A. (2009). Species diversity of the genus Glomus associated with some important medicinal plants. J. Indian Bot. Soc., 88 (1-2): 80-86.
Lovato, P., Guillemin, J.P. and Gianinazzi, S. (1992). Application of commercial arbuscular endomycorrhizal fungal inoculants to the establishment of micrporopagated grapevine root-stock and pineapple plants. Agronomie, 12 (10): 873-880.
Manjunath, V.G., Patil, C.P., Swamy, G.S.K. and Patil, P.B. (2002). Effects of different VAM fungi and phosphorus levels on yield and yield components of papaya. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci.,15 (2): 336-342.
Manoharachary, C., Kunwar, I.K., Reddy, S.V. and Adholeya, A. (2009). Ecological implications and ectomycorrhiza. Mycorrhiza News, 21(1): 2-8.
Mathur, N. and Vyas, A. (1995). Influence of VA mycorrhizae on net photosynthesis and transpiration of Zizyphus mauritiana. J. Plant Physiol., 147 (3/4): 328-330.
Mathur, N. and Vyas, A. (1996). Physiological changes in Zizyphus mauritiana by different VAM fungi. Indian For., 122 (6): 501-506.
Morton, J.B. and Benny, G.L. (1990). Revised classification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Zygomycetes). A new order, Glomales, two new suborders, Glomineae and Gigasporineae, and two new families, Acaulosporaceae and Gigasporaceae, with an emendation of Glomaceae. Mycotaxon, 37 : 471-491
Nemec, S. and Vu, J.C.V. (1990). Effect of soil P and Glomus intraradices on growth, non-structural carbohydrates and photosynthetic activity of Citrus aurantium. Plant Soil, 128: 257- 263.
Parkash, V., Sharma, S., Kaushish, S. and Aggarwal, A. (2009). Effect of soil sterilization on bio-inoculants activity in establishment of Acacia catechu Willd. Phytomorphology, 59 (1-2): 57-63.
Patil, Pradeep, B. and Patil, Chaya, P. (2007). Mycorrhizal biotechnology for increasing growth and productivity of fruit plants. In: The Mycorrhizae Diversity, Ecology and Applications, (Eds.) Tiwari, M. and Sati, S.C, Daya Publ. House, Delhi, Pp. 57-86.
Phillips, J.M. and Hayman, D.S. (1970). Improved procedure for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesiculararbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of colonization. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 55 : 158-160.
Schellenbaum, L., Berta , G., Ravolanirina, E., Tisserant, B., Gianinazzi, S. and Fitter, A.H. (1991). Influence of endomycorrhizal infection on root morphology in a micrpropagated woody plant species (Vitis vinifera L.). Ann. Bot., 68 (2): 135-141.
Schenck, N.C. and Perez, Y. (1990). Manual for the identification of VA mycorrhizal fungi. Publ. IN VAM Florida Univ. Gainesville, USA, Pp. 245.
Sharma, S.D, Bhutani, V.P. and Dohroo, N.P. (1998). Occurrence of VAM fungi under old apple orchards. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 46 (1): 143-144.
Sharma, S.D., Kumar, P., Singh, S.K. and Patel, V.B. (2009). Indigenous AM fungi and Azotobacter isolates, and their screening from citrus seedlings at different levels of inorganic fertilizers application. Indian J. Hort., 66 (2): 183-189
Tanwar, A., Kumar, A., Sharma, S. and Aggarwal, A. (2008). Status and biodiversity of endomycorrhizl fungi associated with some vegetables crops. Pb. Univ. Res. J. (Sci.), 58: 35-46.
Thaker, M.N. and Fasrai, Y.T. (2002). VAM and better growth of micropropagated Banana. Mycorrhiza News, 14 (2): 16- 18.
Walker, C. and Sanders, F.E. (1986). Taxonomic concepts in the Endogonaceae III. The separation of Scutellospora gen. nov. from Gigaspora Gerd. and Trappe. Mycotaxon, 27: 162-182.
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Response of Strawberry plant (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) to inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma viride. (2010). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 2(2), 213-218. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v2i2.122
