Rearing performance of tropical Tasar silkworm (Antheraea mylitta Drury) on Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) and its commercial silk properties
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Abstract
Tasar silkworm, Antheraeamylitta Drury (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is one of the commercially exploited non-mulberry silkworms mainly reared outdoor on many wild plants. The ecorace of tasar silkworm occurring in cashew (Anacardiumoccidentale L.) plantations of Puttur was identified as A. mylitta KE-02. Pooled egg, larval and pupal period of tasar silkworm upon indoor rearing on cashew recorded were 6.43, 28.69 and 25.36 days, respec-tively, with the effective rate of rearing of 40 %. The average cocoon weight, pupal weight and shell weight recorded were 6.24 g, 5.30 and 1.18 g, respectively. The high shell ratio of 22.26 %, shows a healthy trend for high yielding tasar rearing on cashew. The commercial silk properties of cashew reared cocoons were assessed in comparison to silk properties of cocoons reared on Terminalia paniculata. Average filament length, average non-breakable filament length, denier, strength and elongation were found 547.2 m, 1231.6 m, 8.92 D, 1.57 gpd and 16.9 %, respectively on cashew and 518.2 m, 161.94 m, 9.13 D, 1.73 gpd and 18.7 % , respectively on T. paniculata. The present study has documented the biology of tasar silk worm on cashew and also the commercial silk properties of cocoon reared on cashew at preliminary level.
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Keywords
Antheraeamylitta, Cashew, Cocoon, Eggs, Larvae, Spinning, Terminalia spp
References
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Akai, H. (2000). Cocoon filament characters and post cocoon technology. International Journal of Wild Silk moth and silks, 5: 255
Cashew News (2013). The Cashew: Issues, challenges and strategies. In: Cashew News. Published from Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur, Karnataka, 18: 1.
Gavas, R., Jayaprakash, P. and Pushpalatha, P.B. (2013). Cricula trifenestrata : A potential Indian Vanya silk source for upliftment of socio-economic condition of the cashew farmers and rural population of India. In: Paper presented in 2nd Global Conference on Entomology, during November 8-12, 2013, conducted at Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. 107p.
Iizuka, E. (2000). Physical properties of silk thread from cocoons of various wild silkmoths including domestic silkmoth. International Journal of Wild Silk moth and silks, 5: 266
Jadhav, A.D., Bhusnar, A.R., Sathe, T.V., Yankanchi, S.R. and Kirwale, K. (2014). Rearing performance of tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta Drury on different food plants from Kolhapur district of Western Maharashtra. Biospectra, 9 (2014) 141
Jolly, M.S, Chaturvedi, S.N. and Prasad, S. (1968). A survey of tasar crops in India. Indian Journal of Sericulture, 7: 56
Kavane, R.P. and Sathe, T.V. (2007). Indoor rearing of tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta D. on Terminalia catappa Cooke. Biotechnological approaches in Entomology. Manglam Publications, New Delhi, 178.
Mathur, S.K. and Shkla, R.M. (1998). Rearing of tasar silkworm, Indian Textile Journal, 86: 68
Nair, K.P.P. (2010). The agronomy and economy of important tree crops of the developing world. Elsevier Publishers, Jamestown Road, London, New Wales, 21.
Ranjan, A., Anjana Poddar and Roy, S.P. (2012). Environmental Controlling Factors of Tasar silkworms Antheraea mylitta Drury (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). Our Nature, 1 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v10i1. 7771
Reddy, M.R., Charan, R., Prasad, B.C., Siva Reddy, C., Manjula, A. and Sivaprasad, V. (2010). Rearing and grainage performance of Indian Tropical Tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury fed on Terminalia tomentosa (W&A) and Lagerstroemia parviflora (Roxb.) food plants. Academic Journal of Entomology, 3: 69
Reddy, M.R., Rupesh Charan, Reddy, P.M.M, Dayananda Reddy, R., Siva Reddy, C., Angadi, B.S. and Sivaprasad. (2012). Role of tasar resham dooth system in accomplishing the productivity, quality and self-reliance in the commercial egg of Indian tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury. World Applied Sciences Journal, 19: 418
Reddy, M.R., Sinha, M.K., Kumar, K.P.K., Gahlot, N.S., Srivastava, A.K., Kar, P.K. and Prasad, B.C. (2010). Influence of hybridization on the traits of silk production and filament Denier in Indian tropical tasar silk insect, Antheraea mylitta Drury. International Journal of Zoological Research, 6: 277
Renuka, G. and Shamitha, G. (2013) Studies on the biodiversity and ecological aspects of Tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta, Andhra local ecorace, in relation to other ecoraces. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 4: 131
Sharma, K.B. and Praveen Kumar. (1998). Study on the prospect of tasar silkworm culture in some unexploited areas in central Bihar. In: 10th All India Congress of Zoology (14th -15th October, 1998). Edited by: B.N. Pandey and B.K. Singh. Daya Publishing House, Delhi. 75
Shiva Kumar, G. and Shamitha, G. (2013) Studies on larval mortality: diseases, pest and predator menace in outdoor and indoor reared tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury (Daba TV). Research Journal of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences, 1: 1
Shruti, R., Kamal, K.A. and Cherukuri, R.B. (2006) Influence of host plant (Terminalia arjuna) defences on the evolution of feeding behaviour in the tasar silkworm. Current Science. 91: 68
Singh, G.S., Rath S.S., Singh, S.S. and Singh, M.K. (2009). Performance of indoor rearing under different feeding frequency in tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury. Sericologia, 49 (4): 513-519
Srivastava, A.K. and Sinha, M.K. (2015). Distribution of tasar ecoraces in India- Ecoraces of tasar silkworm. Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi. Available from http://www.ctrtiranchi.co.in/TasarMap/Kerela.html (Accessed 02 January 2015)
Srivastava, A.K., Kar, P.K., Sinha, M.K. and Prasad, B.C. (2010). Relationship of moth colour, fecundity and hatching in tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). Biospectra, 5: 511
Srivastava, A.K., Lokesh, G., Raziul Islam, Kar, P.K. and Sinha, M.K. (2012). Intra-populational variation studies in Laria - Wild Ecorace of Tropical Tasar Silkworm Antheraea Mylitta Drury. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2: 1
Suryanarayana, N. and Srivastava, A. K. (2005). Monograph on Tropical tasar Silkworm. Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Ranchi. Aggarwal Press, Ranchi (India): 1
Tembhare, D.B. and Barsagade, D.D. (2003). Effect of microbial infection on the posterior silk gland in the tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), Entomon, 28: 231
Akai, H. (2000). Cocoon filament characters and post cocoon technology. International Journal of Wild Silk moth and silks, 5: 255
Cashew News (2013). The Cashew: Issues, challenges and strategies. In: Cashew News. Published from Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur, Karnataka, 18: 1.
Gavas, R., Jayaprakash, P. and Pushpalatha, P.B. (2013). Cricula trifenestrata : A potential Indian Vanya silk source for upliftment of socio-economic condition of the cashew farmers and rural population of India. In: Paper presented in 2nd Global Conference on Entomology, during November 8-12, 2013, conducted at Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. 107p.
Iizuka, E. (2000). Physical properties of silk thread from cocoons of various wild silkmoths including domestic silkmoth. International Journal of Wild Silk moth and silks, 5: 266
Jadhav, A.D., Bhusnar, A.R., Sathe, T.V., Yankanchi, S.R. and Kirwale, K. (2014). Rearing performance of tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta Drury on different food plants from Kolhapur district of Western Maharashtra. Biospectra, 9 (2014) 141
Jolly, M.S, Chaturvedi, S.N. and Prasad, S. (1968). A survey of tasar crops in India. Indian Journal of Sericulture, 7: 56
Kavane, R.P. and Sathe, T.V. (2007). Indoor rearing of tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta D. on Terminalia catappa Cooke. Biotechnological approaches in Entomology. Manglam Publications, New Delhi, 178.
Mathur, S.K. and Shkla, R.M. (1998). Rearing of tasar silkworm, Indian Textile Journal, 86: 68
Nair, K.P.P. (2010). The agronomy and economy of important tree crops of the developing world. Elsevier Publishers, Jamestown Road, London, New Wales, 21.
Ranjan, A., Anjana Poddar and Roy, S.P. (2012). Environmental Controlling Factors of Tasar silkworms Antheraea mylitta Drury (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). Our Nature, 1 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v10i1. 7771
Reddy, M.R., Charan, R., Prasad, B.C., Siva Reddy, C., Manjula, A. and Sivaprasad, V. (2010). Rearing and grainage performance of Indian Tropical Tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury fed on Terminalia tomentosa (W&A) and Lagerstroemia parviflora (Roxb.) food plants. Academic Journal of Entomology, 3: 69
Reddy, M.R., Rupesh Charan, Reddy, P.M.M, Dayananda Reddy, R., Siva Reddy, C., Angadi, B.S. and Sivaprasad. (2012). Role of tasar resham dooth system in accomplishing the productivity, quality and self-reliance in the commercial egg of Indian tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury. World Applied Sciences Journal, 19: 418
Reddy, M.R., Sinha, M.K., Kumar, K.P.K., Gahlot, N.S., Srivastava, A.K., Kar, P.K. and Prasad, B.C. (2010). Influence of hybridization on the traits of silk production and filament Denier in Indian tropical tasar silk insect, Antheraea mylitta Drury. International Journal of Zoological Research, 6: 277
Renuka, G. and Shamitha, G. (2013) Studies on the biodiversity and ecological aspects of Tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta, Andhra local ecorace, in relation to other ecoraces. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 4: 131
Sharma, K.B. and Praveen Kumar. (1998). Study on the prospect of tasar silkworm culture in some unexploited areas in central Bihar. In: 10th All India Congress of Zoology (14th -15th October, 1998). Edited by: B.N. Pandey and B.K. Singh. Daya Publishing House, Delhi. 75
Shiva Kumar, G. and Shamitha, G. (2013) Studies on larval mortality: diseases, pest and predator menace in outdoor and indoor reared tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury (Daba TV). Research Journal of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences, 1: 1
Shruti, R., Kamal, K.A. and Cherukuri, R.B. (2006) Influence of host plant (Terminalia arjuna) defences on the evolution of feeding behaviour in the tasar silkworm. Current Science. 91: 68
Singh, G.S., Rath S.S., Singh, S.S. and Singh, M.K. (2009). Performance of indoor rearing under different feeding frequency in tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury. Sericologia, 49 (4): 513-519
Srivastava, A.K. and Sinha, M.K. (2015). Distribution of tasar ecoraces in India- Ecoraces of tasar silkworm. Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi. Available from http://www.ctrtiranchi.co.in/TasarMap/Kerela.html (Accessed 02 January 2015)
Srivastava, A.K., Kar, P.K., Sinha, M.K. and Prasad, B.C. (2010). Relationship of moth colour, fecundity and hatching in tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). Biospectra, 5: 511
Srivastava, A.K., Lokesh, G., Raziul Islam, Kar, P.K. and Sinha, M.K. (2012). Intra-populational variation studies in Laria - Wild Ecorace of Tropical Tasar Silkworm Antheraea Mylitta Drury. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2: 1
Suryanarayana, N. and Srivastava, A. K. (2005). Monograph on Tropical tasar Silkworm. Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Ranchi. Aggarwal Press, Ranchi (India): 1
Tembhare, D.B. and Barsagade, D.D. (2003). Effect of microbial infection on the posterior silk gland in the tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), Entomon, 28: 231
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Rearing performance of tropical Tasar silkworm (Antheraea mylitta Drury) on Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) and its commercial silk properties. (2017). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 9(1), 150-155. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i1.1163
