Bacterial flora associated with the selected life stages and organs of farmed giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man)
Article Main
Abstract
Bacteria associated with different life stages of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man) were analyzed. The gill, hepatopancreas, haemolymph of brood and juveniles as well as the egg, larvae and larval rearing water were sampled to understand the quantity and the quality of bacteria associated with the animals.
A total number of 93 representative isolates were identified. The identified bacterial isolates could be distributed in to 14 genera. A mean bacterial total plate count (TPC) of 4.5x105 colony forming units (cfu) g-1 in eggs, 6.0x106 cfu g-1 in larvae and 4.6x105 cfu ml-1 in water were observed. Among all the organs highest TPC of 3.5x107 cfu g-1 were observed in juvenile’s gills. The brood haemolymph was found to be devoid of any bacteria. Identification of isolates representing different colony morphotype indicated that 89.77% of the bacterial population was gram negative dominated by Aeromonas hydrophilla (16.74%), Enterobacter aerogenes (12.09%) and Citrobacter frundii (10.16%). Among Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus, Streptococcus and Micrococcus were identified. Study of quantitative and qualitative aspects of bacterial prevalence with the different life stages of M. rosenbergii would be helpful in identification of disease causing bacteria and therefore in better management of M.rosenbergii culture.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Aquaculture, Bacteria, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Total bacterial counts
References
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Deen, N.E., Mona, A.I.S., Zaki, S. and Shalaly, S.I. (2013) Controlling of prevailing diseases of cultured freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium Rosenbergii) in Egypt. Life Science Journal, 10 (2): 1783-1786
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Lalitha, K.V. and Surendran, P.K. (2004). Bacterial micro-flora associated with farmed freshwater prawn Macro-brachium rosenbergii (de Man) and the aquaculture environment. Aquacult Res., 35: 629-635
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MPEDA, (2010). Statistics of Marine Products Exports. The Marine Products Exports Development Authority, Ko-chi. pp. 360.
New, M.B. (2003) Farming freshwater prawns: a manual for the culture of the giant river prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii.FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 428, Rome,Italy: FAO, pp. 145–146
Ogbondeminu, E.S. and Okoye, E.C. (1992). Microbiologi-cal evaluation of an untreated domestic waste water aquaculture system in Nigeria. J. Aquacult. Trop., 7: 27-34
Ogbondeminu, E.S. (1993). The occurrence and distribution of enteric bacteria in fish and water of tropical aquacul-ture pond in Nigeria. J. Aquacult. Trop., 8: 61-66
Phatarpekar, P.V., Kenkre, V.D., Sreepada, R.A., Desai, U.M. and Achuthankutty, C.T. (2002). Bacterial flora associated with larval rearing of giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Aquacult., 203: 279-291
Phyllis, E. (2007). Food safety: new perspectives. ASM Press. Virginia, USA., pp: 414
Prakash, M., and Karmagam, N. (2013). A study on bacterial flora associated with freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Intr. J. Current Res. Academic Rev., 1 (1): 1-6
Ramalingam, K., and Ramarani, S. (2007). Effect of Pseudo-monas aeruginosa on the giant freshwater prawn, Mac-robrachium rosenbergii histopathological and electron microscopic study. J. Environ. Biol., 28 (3): 627
Reilly, A. and Dangla, E. (1986). Post harvest spoilage of shrimp ( Penaeus monodon), In: The first Asian Fisher-ies Society ( ed. by J.L. Maclean, L.B. Dizon and L.V. Hosillos), Manilla, Phillippines pp. 455-458
Shewan, J. and Hobbs, G. (1967). The bacteriology of fish spoilage and preservation. Prog.Ind.Microbiol, 6:169-208
Uddin, M.N. and Al-Harbi, A.H. (2005). Quantitative and qualitative bacterial flora of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachiums rosenbergii in earthen ponds in Saudi Arabia. J. Aquat. Ani. Health, 17: 244-250
Uddin, M.S., Islam, M.S., Hoq, M.E. and Chowdhury, M.B.R. (1998). Investigation on bacterial flora of farmed freshwater prawn M.rosenbergii de Man) in Bangladesh. Bangla. J. Fish. Res., 2: 171-175
Ward and Hackney. (1991). Microbial load in shrimp. In: proceedings of PACON sustainable aquaculture 95, Hawaii, pp: 308-316
Yousif, A., Hena Muhammad., Md. Ahmed. K., Sabina, Y., Nazmul, A., Md. Rahman, M. and Md. Monirul, I. (2008). Prevalence of microbial load in shrimp, Penaeus monodon and Prawn, Macrobrachium rosen-bergii from Bangladesh. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 4: 852-855
Yasuda, K. and Kitao, T. (1980). Bacterial flora in the diges-tive tract of prawns, Penaeus japonicus ( Bate). Aqua-cult., 19: 229-234
Anderson, I.G., Shamsudin, M.N. and Nash, G. (1989). A preliminary study on aerobic hetrotropic bacterial flora in giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, hatcheries in Malaysia. Aquacult., 81: 213-223
APHA (2005). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 21st edition, Washington.
Brown, J.H., Wickins, J.F. and Maclean, M.H. (1991).The effect of water hardness on growth and carapace miner-alization of juvenile freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man. Aquacult., 95:329–345
Cheng, W. and Chen, J.C. (2000). Effect of pH, temperature, and salinity on immune parameters of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Fish and Shellfish Immunol., 10: 387-391
Deen, N.E., Mona, A.I.S., Zaki, S. and Shalaly, S.I. (2013) Controlling of prevailing diseases of cultured freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium Rosenbergii) in Egypt. Life Science Journal, 10 (2): 1783-1786
El-Sayed, and A.F.M. (1997). Growth rates and feed effi-ciency of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenber-gii fed varying protein and energy levels. Bulletin of National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries A.R.E, 23: 439–448
FAO (2013). National Aquaculture Sector Overview, India. Food and Agriculture, Organization of the United Nations.
FAO (2014). Cultured Aquatic Species Information Pro-gramme Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879). FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. Aquatic Animal Pathogen and Quarantine Information System (AAPQIS).
Gomez-Gil, B., Tron-Mayen, L., Roque, A., Turnbull, F.J., Inglis, V. and Guerra-Flores, A.L. (1998). Species of Vibrio isolated from hepatopancreas, haemolymph and digestive tract of a population of healthy juvenile Penaeus vannamei. Aquacult., 163: 1-9
Hameed, A.S. (1993). A study of the aerobic heterotrophic bacterial flora of hatchery-reared eggs, larvae and post-larvae of Penaeus indicus. Aquault., 117: 195–204
Hameed, A.S., Rahaman, K.H., Alagan, A. and Yoganand-han, K. (2003). Antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from hatcheryreared larvae and post larvae of Macro-brachium rosenbergii. Aquaculture, 217: 39 48
Hansen, G.H. and Olafsen, J.A. (1999). Bacterial interactions in early life stages of marine cold water fish. Microb. Ecol., 38: 1-26
Holt, J.G., Krieg, N.R., Sneath, P.H.A. and Willium, S.T. (1994). Bergy’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th Edn Williams and Wilkins, Baltmore.
Hopkin, S.P. and Nott, J.A. (1980). Studies on the digestive cycle of the shore crab Carcinus maenas (L).with spe-cial reference to the B cells in the hepatopancreas. J. Mar. Biol. Asso., 60: 891-907
Jensins, L.J., Skovgaard, M., Sicheritz- Ponten, T., Hansen, N.T. and Johansson, H. (2004). Comparative genomics of four Pseudomonas species. In: Pseudomonas Ge-nomics, Lifestyle and Molecular architecture, Ramos J.L. (Ed), Kluwer Academic Plenum, New York.
Kanaujia, D.R., Das, B.K. and Mohanty, A.N. (1998). Mass larval mortalities in Indian River Prawn Macro-brachium malcolmsonii under hatchery conditions and their control by application of antibiotics. J. Aquacult. Trop., 13(3): 171-179
Kennedy, B., Venugopal, M.N., Karunasagar, I. and Karuna-sagar, I. (2006). Bacterial flora associated with the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii, in the hatchery system. Aquacult., 261: 1156-1167
Kirov, S.M. (1997). Aeromonas and Plesiomonas species. In: Doyle, M., Beuchat, L. and Montville, T. (Eds.), Food microbiology: fundamentals and frontiers. ASM Press, Washington, D.C., p. 265-287
Kogure, K., Simidu, V. and Taga, N. (1979). Effect of Skele-tonema costatum (Grev) Cleve on the growth of marine bacteria. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 36: 201–215
Lalitha, K.V. and Surendran, P.K. (2004). Bacterial micro-flora associated with farmed freshwater prawn Macro-brachium rosenbergii (de Man) and the aquaculture environment. Aquacult Res., 35: 629-635
Lalitha, K.V., Surendran, P.K. and Thampuran, N. (2010). Intestinal bacterial flora of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) from freshwater farms in Kerala, India. Fishery Technology. 47. Society of Fisheries Technolo-gists, India, pp.65-70.
Lightner, D.V. (1988). Diseases of penaeid shrimp. In: Dis-ease Diagnosis and Control in North American Marine Aquaculture.( ed. by Sindermann, C. J., Lightner, D.V.) 2nd. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p. 8.
Miyamoto, G., Prock, J., Nakamura, R., Nakagawa, L., Shi-mojo, R., Sato, V. and Akita, G. (1983). A preliminary microbiological and water quality survey of two Hawai-ian prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) hatcheries. In: (ed. by Rogers, G. L., Day, R., Lim, A., (Eds.), Proc. First Int. Conf. Warm Water Aquaculture- Crustacea, Brigham Young University, Hawaii Campus, Laie, HI., 429-528pp.
MPEDA, (2010). Statistics of Marine Products Exports. The Marine Products Exports Development Authority, Ko-chi. pp. 360.
New, M.B. (2003) Farming freshwater prawns: a manual for the culture of the giant river prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii.FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 428, Rome,Italy: FAO, pp. 145–146
Ogbondeminu, E.S. and Okoye, E.C. (1992). Microbiologi-cal evaluation of an untreated domestic waste water aquaculture system in Nigeria. J. Aquacult. Trop., 7: 27-34
Ogbondeminu, E.S. (1993). The occurrence and distribution of enteric bacteria in fish and water of tropical aquacul-ture pond in Nigeria. J. Aquacult. Trop., 8: 61-66
Phatarpekar, P.V., Kenkre, V.D., Sreepada, R.A., Desai, U.M. and Achuthankutty, C.T. (2002). Bacterial flora associated with larval rearing of giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Aquacult., 203: 279-291
Phyllis, E. (2007). Food safety: new perspectives. ASM Press. Virginia, USA., pp: 414
Prakash, M., and Karmagam, N. (2013). A study on bacterial flora associated with freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Intr. J. Current Res. Academic Rev., 1 (1): 1-6
Ramalingam, K., and Ramarani, S. (2007). Effect of Pseudo-monas aeruginosa on the giant freshwater prawn, Mac-robrachium rosenbergii histopathological and electron microscopic study. J. Environ. Biol., 28 (3): 627
Reilly, A. and Dangla, E. (1986). Post harvest spoilage of shrimp ( Penaeus monodon), In: The first Asian Fisher-ies Society ( ed. by J.L. Maclean, L.B. Dizon and L.V. Hosillos), Manilla, Phillippines pp. 455-458
Shewan, J. and Hobbs, G. (1967). The bacteriology of fish spoilage and preservation. Prog.Ind.Microbiol, 6:169-208
Uddin, M.N. and Al-Harbi, A.H. (2005). Quantitative and qualitative bacterial flora of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachiums rosenbergii in earthen ponds in Saudi Arabia. J. Aquat. Ani. Health, 17: 244-250
Uddin, M.S., Islam, M.S., Hoq, M.E. and Chowdhury, M.B.R. (1998). Investigation on bacterial flora of farmed freshwater prawn M.rosenbergii de Man) in Bangladesh. Bangla. J. Fish. Res., 2: 171-175
Ward and Hackney. (1991). Microbial load in shrimp. In: proceedings of PACON sustainable aquaculture 95, Hawaii, pp: 308-316
Yousif, A., Hena Muhammad., Md. Ahmed. K., Sabina, Y., Nazmul, A., Md. Rahman, M. and Md. Monirul, I. (2008). Prevalence of microbial load in shrimp, Penaeus monodon and Prawn, Macrobrachium rosen-bergii from Bangladesh. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 4: 852-855
Yasuda, K. and Kitao, T. (1980). Bacterial flora in the diges-tive tract of prawns, Penaeus japonicus ( Bate). Aqua-cult., 19: 229-234
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Bacterial flora associated with the selected life stages and organs of farmed giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man). (2016). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 8(4), 2087-2092. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i4.1095
