##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Ritu Srivastava Amritesh Chandra Shukla

Abstract

With rising need of switching over to sustainable agricultural practices, utilization of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) as biocontrol agents, provides better substitute against chemical pesticides- having several side-effects. Therefore, an attempt have been made to explore the potential EPF fungi that could be incorporated into IPM practices for control of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner and Aphis gossypii Glover. Regarding this, an entomopathogenic fungus, Fusarium pallidoroseum (Cooke) Sacc, was isolated from natural population of H. armigera infesting chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and explored efficacy under in-vitro & field conditions. The findings of present investigation shows efficacy of F. pallidoroseum as potential biocontrol agent against okra aphid (A. gossypii), as it inflicted initial mortality of 43.33% nymphs on 2nd day and lead to complete annihilation (93.33%) of nymph population on 8th day of spore suspension application at 1x1010 spores/mL concentration. The observations against adult okra aphid clearly demonstrated that spraying of 1 x 1010 spores/mL of F. pallidoroseum resulted 66.67% mortality after 8th days of spraying. Increased mortality was recorded with increase in spore suspension concentrations. The LC50 & LC90 value for F. pallidoroseum against nymphs of A. gossypii was recorded 3.79 x 105 and 2.74 x 108, respectively. The findings were used to develop  formulations (1 × 10to 1 × 1010 spore suspension/mL conc),  and tested  at field-level. The results showed that formulation at 1 x 1010 spores/mL conc was most effective against A. gossypii, recorded 93.33% mortality of nymphs & 66.67% mortality of adults; could be used under IPM practices.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Keywords

Aphis gossypii, Bio-efficacy, Entomopathogen, Fusarium pallidoroseum, Helicoverpa armigera, Bioagent

References
Abdul-Wahid, O.A. & Elbanna, S.M. (2012). Evaluation of the insecticidal activity of Fusarium solani and Trichoderma harzianum against cockroaches; Periplaneta Americana. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 6, 1024–1032. DOI:10.5897/ajmr-11-1300.
Ahmad, S. & Ansari, M. S. (2013) Acute toxicity and sub-lethal effects of a pyrethroid (cypermethrin) on survival, development and fitness of Helicoverpa armigera. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 46, 1726–1739. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758413000246
Ali-Shtayeh, M. S., Mara'i, A. B. B. & Jamous, R. M. (2003). Distribution, occurrence and characterization of entomopathogenic fungi in agricultural soil in the Palestinian area. Mycopathologia, 156(3), 235-244.
Ameen, M. K. M. (2012). Screening of Fusarium isolates pathogenicity in vitro by using the larvae of Galleria Mellonella L. Journal of Basrah Researches (Sciences), 38(3).
Anwar W, Haider MS, Shahid AA, Mushtaq H, Hameed U, Rehman MZU, Iqbal MJ. 2017. Genetic diversity of Fusarium isolated from members of Sternor rhyncha (Hemiptera): entomopathogens against Bemisia tabaci. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 49: 639–645. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
Aoki, T., Kasson, M.T., Berger, M.C., Freeman, S., Geiser, D.M. & O’Donnell, K. (2018). Fusarium oligoseptatum sp. nov., a mycosymbiont of the ambrosia beetle Euwallacea validus in the Eastern US and typification of F. ambrosium. FUSE 1, 23e39. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2018.01.03
Aoki, T., Smith, J.A., Kasson, M.T., Freeman, S., Geiser, D.M.,Geering, A.D. & O’Donnell, K. (2019). Three novel Ambrosia Fusarium Clade species producing clavate macroconidia known (F. floridanum and F. obliquiseptatum) or predicted (F. tuaranense) to be farmed by Euwallacea spp. (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) on woody hosts. Mycologia 1e17. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2019.1647074
Asharani, Manjunatha, A., M., Mohan, I. Naik, Shivanna, B. K., Gayathridevi, S. & Pradeep, S. (2009). Evaluation of fungal pathogen, Fusarium semitectum Berk and Ravenel against tobacco aphid under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences 22 (3-Spl. Issue), 495-498.
Aswini, G.V., Manjunatha, M. & Mohan, I. Naik (2007). Evaluation of fungal pathogen, Fusarium semitectum Berk and Ravenel against sugarcane woolly aphid under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences 20(4), 767-770.
Baidoo, P.K. & Ackuaku, S.K. (2011). The effects of spore concentrations of entomogenous fungi on larval mortality and development of the maize stem borer Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). J. Appl. Biosci. 47, 3221e3229. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/11106
Chittem, K. & Kulkarni, S. (2008). Effect of Media on the Growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gerberae and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp dianthi. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci. 21(2), 303-304.
Ciampi, L., Jaun Nissen, M., Venegas, E., Fuentes, R., Costa, M., Schobitz, R., Alvarez, D. & Alvarado Pilar (2009). Identification of two species of Fusarium link that cause wilting of colored callas (Zantedeschiaa ethiopica L. Spreng.) cultivated under greenhouse conditions in Chile. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research 69(4), 516-525.
da Silva Santos, A. C., Diniz, A. G., Tiago, P. V. & de Oliveira, N. T. (2020). Entomopathogenic Fusarium species: a review of their potential for the biological control of insects, implications and prospects. Fungal Biology Reviews, 34(1), 41-57. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.201 9.12.002
da Silva Santos, A. C., Oliveira, R. L. S., da Costa, A. F., Tiago, P. V. & de Oliveira, N. T. (2016). Controlling Dactylopius opuntiae with Fusarium incarnatum–equiseti species complex and extracts of Ricinus communis and Poincianella pyramidalis. Journal of Pest Science, 89(2), 539-547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-015-0689-4
de Lima, I. J., Carneiro Leão, M. P., da Silva Santos, A. C., da Costa, A. F. & Tiago, P. V. (2021). Production of conidia by entomopathogenic isolates of Fusarium caatingaense on different vegetable substrates. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 31(2), 206-218.
European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (2006). Distribution maps of Quarantine pests, Helicoverpa armigera. On-line Retrieved from ww.eppo.org/Quarantine/insects/Helicoverpaarmigera/HELIAR_ma p.ht m
Fan Y., Ortiz-Urquiza, A., Garrett, T., Pei1, Y. & Keyhan, N.O. (2015). Involvement of a caleosin in lipid storage, spore dispersal, and virulence in the entomopathogenic filamentous fungus, Beauveria bassiana. Environmental Microbiology, 17(11), 4600–4614. https://doi.org/10.1 111/1462-2920.12990
Freeman, S., Protasov, A., Sharon, M., Mohotti, K.M., Eliyahu, M., Okon-Levy, N., Maymon, M. & Mendel, Z., (2013a). Obligate feed requirement of Fusarium sp. nov., an avocado wilting agent, by the ambrosia beetle Euwallacea aff. fornicata. Symbiosis 58, 245e251.
Freeman, S., Sharon, M., Maymon, M., Mendel, Z., Protasov, A., Aoki, T., Eskalen, A., O’Donnell, K., (2013b). Fusarium euwallaceae sp. nov.—a symbiotic fungus of Euwallacea sp., an invasive ambrosia beetle in Israel and California. Mycologia 105, 1595e1606. https://doi.org/10.3852/13-066
Ganassi, S., Moretti, A., Stornelli, C., Fratello, B., Bonvicini Pagliai, A.M., Logrieco, A. & Sabatini, M.A. (2001). Effect of Fusarium, Paecilomyces and Trichoderma formulations against aphid Schizaphis graminum. Mycopathologia 151, 131e138.
Ghosal, A., Chatterjee, M. L. & Manna, D. (2012). Studies on some insecticides with novel mode of action for the management of tomato fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hub.). Journal of Crop and Weed, 8(2), 126-129.
Gonçalves Diniz, A., Barbosa, L. F. S., Santos, A. C. D. S., Oliveira, N. T. D., Costa, A. F. D., Carneiro-Leão, M. P., & Tiago, P. V. (2020). Bio-insecticide effect of isolates of Fusarium caatingaense (Sordariomycetes: Hypocreales) combined to botanical extracts against Dactylopius opuntiae (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 30(4), 384-395. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2020.1720601
Husien, H. (2019). Isolation, Identification, Pathogenicity bioassay and Mass production of Indigenous Isolate of Entomopathogenic Fungi against Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (Doctoral dissertation, Palestine Technical University-Kadoorie).
Hussain, A. (2007). Efficacy of some synthetic and biopesticides against pod borer. Agricultural Research and Extension pp 10.
Jarrahi, A. & Safavi, S. A. (2016). Fitness costs to Helicoverpa armigera after exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato: Study on F1 generation. Journal of invertebrate pathology, 138, 50-56. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S00222 01116300556
Javed K, Javed H, Mukhtar T & Qiu D. (2019). Pathogenicity of some entomopathogenic fungal strains to green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Homoptera: Aphididae). Egypt J Biol Pest Control. 29(92), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-019-0183-z
Jayasimha, G.T., Rachana, R.R., Rajkumar, V.B. & Manjunatha M (2012). Evaluation of fungal pathogen, Fusarium semitectum Berk and Ravenel against okra aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover under laboratory and green house conditions. Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystems 18(2), 139-142.
Kalvnadi, E., Mirmoayedi, A., Alizadeh, M., & Pourian, H. R. (2018). Sub-lethal concentrations of the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana increase fitness costs of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) offspring. Journal of invertebrate pathology, 158, 32-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2018.08.012
Kasson, M.T., O’Donnell, K., Rooney, A.P., Sink, S., Ploetz, R.C.,Ploetz, J.N., Konkol, J.L., Carrillo, D., Freeman, S., Mendel, Z.,Smith, J.A., Black, A.W., Hulcr, J., Bateman, C., Stefkova, K.,Campbell, P.R., Geering, A.D.W., Dann, E.K., Eskalen, A., Mohotti, K., Short, D.P.G., Aoki, T., Fenstermacher, K.A., Davis, D.D. & Geiser, D.M., (2013). An inordinate fondness for Fusarium: phylogenetic diversity of fusaria cultivated by ambrosia beetles in the genus Euwallacea on avocado and other plant hosts. Fungal Genet. Biol. 56, 147e157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2013.04.004
Kavitha, S.J. & Faizal MH (2020). Bio-efficacy of entomopathogens on major sucking pests in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 8(4), 694-698.
Khating SS, Kabre GB & Dhainje A.A. (2016). Seasonal incidence of sucking pests of okra along with natural enemies in Khandesh region of Maharashtra. Asian Journal of Biosciences, 11(2), 269-272. DOI : 10.15740/HAS/AJBS/11.2/269-272.
Lingappa, S., Saxena, H. & Devi Vimala, P.S. (2005). Role of biocontrol agents in management of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner). In: Hem Saxena, A. B. Rai, R. Ahmad and Sanjeev Gupta eds. Recent advances in Helicoverpaarmigera Management. Indian Society of Pulses Research and development, IIPR, Kanpur, pp 159-184.
Litwin, A., Nowak, M. & Rozalska, S. (2020) Entomopathogenic fungi: unconventional applications. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol 19, 23–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-020-09525-1
Mehrvar, A., Rabindra, R.J., Veenakumari, K. & Narabenchi, G.B. (2008). Molecular and biological characteristics of some geographic isolates of nucleopolyhedrovirus of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 28, 39-60.
Mezzomo, R., Rolim, J.M., Poletto, T., de Oliveira, M.B., Lazarotto, M., Fátima, M. & Brião Muniz (2018). Mycelial growth and sporulation of fusarium spp. pathogenic to ilex paraguariensis in different culture media and under exposure to different light levels. Scientia Agraria 19(1),14. DOI: 10.5380/rsa.v19i1.55844.
Mishra, K., Singh, K. & Tripathi CPM (2013). Management of pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) infestation and productivity enhancement of gram crop (Cicer aritenium) through vermiwash with biopesticides. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 9(5), 401-408. DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wjas.2013.9.5.1749
Mohammed AA, Kadhim JH & Kamaluddin ZNA (2018). Selection of highly virulent entomopathogenic fungal isolates to control the greenhouse aphid species in Iraq. Egypt J Biol Pest Control 28(71), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-018-0079-3
Monga, D., Kumhar, K.C. & Kumar, R. (2010). Record of Fusarium pallidoroseum (Cooke) Sacc. on Cotton Mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley. Journal of Biological Control, 24(4), 366–368. https://doi.org/10.18311/jbc/2010/3588
Mora MAE, Castilho AMC & Fraga ME (2017). Classification and infection mechanism of entomopathogenic fungi. Arq Inst Biol 84, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000552015
Munshi, N.A., Barkat, Hussain, Malik, G.N., Musavir, Yousuf. & Fatima, N. (2008). Efficacy of entomopathogenic fungus Fusarium pallidoroseum (Cooke) Sacc. against Gypsy moth (Lymantria obfuscate Walker). Journal of Entomology 5, 59-61. DOI: 10.3923/je.2008.59.61
Nagamandla, R.S., Jha, S. & Latha N.S. (2017) Insect pests of tomato and their weather relations under open and cover cultivation. Int J Curr Microbiol Sci 6(9), 368–375. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.609.046
Nair, J. & Corbin, J.B. (1981). Histopathology of Pinusradiata seedling infected by Colletotrichumacutatum f. sp. pinea. Phytopathology 71(8), 777–783.
Navik, O.S., Manjunatha, M., Kumaraswamy, M.C. & Latha, M. (2015). Efficacy of entomoathogenic fungi and acaricidal molecules on mite, Calepitrimerus azadirachtae Channa Basavanna (Acari: Eriophyidae) on neem. Journal of Eco-friendly Agriculture 10(1), 53-57.
Nazir, T., Basit, A., Hanan, A., Majeed, M.Z. & Qiu, D. (2019). In vitro pathogenicity of some entomopathogenic fungal strains against green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae). Agron, 9(7), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9010007.
O’Donnell, K., Libeskind-Hadas, R., Hulcr, J., Bateman, C.,Kasson, M.T., Ploetz, R.C., Konkol, J.L., Ploetz, J.N., Carrillo, D.,Campbell, A., Duncan, R.E., Liyanage, P.N.H., Eskalen, A.,Lynch, S.C., Geiser, D.M., Freeman, S., Mendel, Z., Sharon, M., Aoki, T., Coss_e, A.A. & Rooney, A.P. (2016). Invasive Asian Fusariume Euwallacea ambrosia beetle mutualists pose a serious threat to forests, urban landscapes and the avocado industry. Phytoparasitica 44, 435e442. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-016-0543-0
Patel DR & Purohit MS.(2013). Influence of different weather parameters on aphid, Melanaphis sacchari infesting kharif Sorghum. International Journal of Plant Protection 6(2), 484-486. http://www.researchjournal.co.in/online/IJPP.htm
Pawar, V.M. & Borikar, P.S. (2005). Microbial options for the management of Helicoverpaarmigera (Hubner) In: “Recent Advances in Helicoverpa Management (Hem Saxena, A. B. Rai, R. Ahmad and Sanjeev Gupta eds.) Indian Society of Pulses Research and Development, IIPR, Kanpur, pp 193-231.
Qi, H., Wang, J., Endoh, R., Takeuchi, Y., Tarno, H. & Futai, K. (2011). Pathogenicity of microorganisms isolated from the oak platypodid, Platypus quercivorus (Murayama) (Coleoptera: Platypodidae). Appl. Entomol. Zool. 46, 201e210.
Qi, J., Aiuchi, D., Tani, M., Asano, S. I. & Koike, M. (2016). Potential of entomopathogenic Bacillus thuringiensis as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and biological control agents for tomato Fusarium wilt. Int J Environ Agric Res, 2(6), 55-63.
Rajirani, O.P. (2001). Production and evaluation of the fungus, Fusarium pallidoroseum (Cooke) Sacc. As biopesticide against pea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch. PhD thesis. Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, pp. 136.
Rathee, M. & Dalal, P. (2018). Emerging Insect Pests in Indian Agriculture. Indian Journal of Entomology, 80(2), 267-281. DOI No.: 10.5958/0974-8172.2018.00043.3
Rejirani, O.P., Mathai, S. & Peethambaran, C.K. (2000). Evaluation of different naturally available substrates for mass production of the entomopathogenic fungus, Fusarium pallidoroseum (Cooke) Sacc. In: Proceedings of the 12th Kerala Science Congress, Thiruvananthpuram, pp. 27-29.
Rombach, M.C., Aguda, R.M., Shepard, B.M. & Roberts, D.W. (1986). Infection of rice brown plant hopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera: Delphacidae), by field application of entomopathogenic Hyphomycetes (Deuteromycot ina). Environmental Entomology 15, 1070-1073. DOI:10.1093/EE/15.5.1070
Roopa Rani, V. (2008). Bio ecology of aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch and evaluation of fungal pathogen, Fusarium semitectum Berk and Ravenel against cowpea aphid. M. Sc. (Agri.) Thesis. University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore (India)
Statistical Analysis System (2002). SAS Software: Version 9.1.SAS Institute, Cary, NC
Sasidharan, K.R. & Varma, R.V. (2005). Laboratory evaluation of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin against Indrabela quadrinata Walker (Lepidopteron: Metarbelidae) a key pest of Casuarina equisetifolia L. in Tamil Nadu. Journal of Biological Control, 19, 197-200
Shahnazi, S., Meon, S., Vadamalai, G., Ahmad, K. & Nejat, N. (2012). Morphological and molecular characterization of Fusarium spp. associated with yellowing disease of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in Malaysia. J Gen Plant Pathol 78, 160–169. DOI 10.1007/s10327-012-0379-5.
Sharma, L., & Marques, G. (2018). Fusarium, an entomopathogen—A myth or reality?. Pathogens, 7(4), 93. doi:10.3390/pathogens7040093
Shehu, K. & Ibrahim, M. (2014). Influence of culture media and light regimes on the growth of Helminthosporium fulvum. The Experiment 27(2), 1863-1866.
Shophiya, J., Nancy, Sahayaraj, K., Kalaiarasi, J.M.V. & Shirlin Jebitta M. (2014). Biocontrol potential of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (balsamo) against Pericalliaricini (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) larvae. Biolife 2(3), 813-824
Singh, H. & Kaur, T. (2020). Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi against the aphid and the whitefly species on crops grown under greenhouse conditions in India. Egypt J Biol Pest Control 30 (84). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-020-00287-0
Singh, N. & Dhiman S. (2018). Quality and quantity loss by aphid infestation in vegetable crops grown under protected cultivation in Ladakh region. Defense Life Science Journal, 3(1), 71-74. DOI : 10.14429/dlsj.3.11516
Srivastava, S., Singh, V.P., Kumar, R., Srivastava, M., Sinha, A. & S Simon (2011). In vitro evaluation of carbendazim 50% WP, antagonists and botanicals against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. psidii associated with rhizosphere soil of guava. Asian Journal of Plant Pathology, 5(1), 46-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajppaj.2011.46.53
Sun, B. D., & Liu, X. Z. (2008). Occurrence and diversity of insect-associated fungi in natural soils in China. Applied soil ecology, 39(1), 100-108.
Tarekegn Fite, Tadele Tefera, Mulugeta Negeri, Tebekew Damte & Waktole Sori (2020) Evaluation of Beauveriabassiana, Metarhiziumanisopliae and Bacillus thuringiensis for the management of Helicoverpaarmigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory and field conditions, Biocontrol Science and Technology, 30(3), 278-295, DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2019.1707481
Toki, W., Kawakita, A. & Togashi, K. (2016). Presence of weed fungus in a non-social beetleefungus cultivation mutualism. Ecol. Entomol. 41, 253e262. DOI: 10.1111/een.12293
Torres-Barrag_an, Anaya, A.L., Alatorre, R., Toriello, C. (2004). Entomopathogenic fungi from ‘El Eden’ Ecological Reserve, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Mycopathologia 158, 61e71. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MYCO.0000038424.013 6 9 .c 8
Tosi, L., Beccari, G., Rondoni, G., Covarelli, L. & Ricci, C. (2015). Natural occurrence of Fusarium proliferatum on chestnut in Italy and its potential entomopathogenicity against the Asian chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus. J. Pest. Sci. 88, 369e381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-014-0624-0
Velez, de A.,, Augusto, B., Diniz, A. G., Barbosa, L. F. S., da Silva Santos, A. C., da Costa, A. F., & Tiago, P. V. (2019). Potential of Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex isolates with Chenopodium ambrosioides and Enterolobium contortisiliquum extracts to control Dactylopius opuntiae. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 39(2), 131-138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-019-00014-9
Westphal, K.R., Heidelbacha, S., Zeuner, E.J., Jensena, M.R., Nielsen, M.E., Vestergaarda, S.Z., Bekker, N.S., Skovmark, J., Olesen, C.K., Thomsen, K.H., Niebling, S.K., Sørensen, J.L. & Sondergaard, T.E. (2021). The effects of different potato dextrose agar media on secondary metabolite production in Fusarium. International Journal of Food Microbiology 347(2).00.000. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109171
Yaqoob Munazah, Qurat ul Ain & Ayoub Liyaqat (2019). Seasonal incidence of aphid, Aphis gossypii infesting okra and its relation with weather parameters. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 7(4), 672-674.
Section
Research Articles

How to Cite

Fusarium pallidoroseum: A potential entomopathogenic agent for the biological management of Aphis gossypii. (2021). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 13(2), 775-785. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v13i2.2687