A review on the role of soil microbial biomass in eco-restoration of degraded ecosystem with special reference to mining areas
Article Main
Abstract
Soil microbial biomass constitutes a transformation matrix for all the natural organic material in the soil and acts as labile reservoir of plant available nutrients. In general plants serve as carbon source for the microbial community and in turn microbes provide nutrients for growth through mineralization of plant and animal residues, and organic matter, thus soil microbial biomass is a significant parameter to draw an inference about the soil health. Biodiversity of visible plants and animals has received a greater attention than the meso or micro level organisms. Information about soil microbial biomass can help to quantify the extant of degradation and may help to provide the effective methodology for the restoration in the degraded terrestrial ecosystems. As the changing global climate has been one of the major environmental challenges facing the world today, there is an increasing need to restore the degraded ecosystem, increase their productivity, to increase the carbon sequestration potential of such areas and to make them suitable for the sustainable forestry purposes. This review provides the importance of soil microbial biomass in the derelict mined ecosystems and suggests that an increase in microbial biomass in the soil may enhance the soil fertility, and provide an effective substrate for the nutrient mineralization.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Microbial biomass, Restoration, Degradation, Soil health
References
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Jia, G.M., Cao, J., Wang, C. and Wang, G. (2005). Microbial biomass and nutrients in soil at the different stages of secondary forest succession in Ziwulin, northwest china. Forest Ecology and Management, 217: 117-125.
Kaur, B., Aggarwal A.K. and Gupta S.R. (1998). Soil Microbial Biomass and Nitrogen Mineralization in Salt Affected Soils. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 24: 103- 111.
Klironomos, J.N., McCune, J., Hart, M. and Neville, J. (2000). The influence of arbuscular mycorrhizae on the relationship between plant diversity and productivity. Ecol. Lett., 3: 137–141.
Kumar, N., Kumar, P. and Singh, S. (2009). Soil microflora and their impact on soil health. Soil Microflora, Editor- Rajan Kumar Gupta, Mukesh Kumar & Deepak Vyas. Publication: Daya Publishing House, New Delhi
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Lynch, J.M. and Panting, L.M. (1982). Effect of season, cultivation and N fertilizer on the size of soil microbial biomass J. Sci. Food Agric., 33: 249- 52.
Machulla, G., Bruns, M.A. and Scow, K.A. (2005). Microbial properties of mine spoil material in the initial stages of soil development Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 69: 1069-1077.
McGill, W.B., Cannon, K.R., Robertson, J.A. and Cook, F.D. (1986). Dynamics of soil microbial biomass and watersoluble organic C in Breton L after 50 years of cropping of two rotations. Can. J. Soil Sci., 66: 1 -19.
Mooney, H.A., Vitousek, P. M. and P.A. Matson. (1987). Exchange of materials between terrestrial ecosystems and atmosphere, Science, 238: 926- 932.
Moussa, A. S., Van rensburg, L., Kellner, K. and Bationo, A. (2007). Soil microbial biomass in semi-arid communal sandy rangelands in the western bophirima district, south Africa. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 5(1): 43-56.
Mummey, D. L., Stahl, P.D. and Buyer, J.S. (2002a). Microbial biomarkers as an indicator of ecosystem recovery following surface mine reclamation. Applied Soil Ecology, 21: 251-259.
Mummey, D.L., Stahl, P.D. and Buyer, J.S. (2002b). Soil microbiological properties 20 year after surface mine reclamation: spatial analysis of reclaimed and undisturbed sites Soil Biol & Biochem., 34: 1717-1725.
Myers, R.T., Zak, D.R., White, D.C. and Peacock, A. (2001). Landscape-level patterns of microbial community composition and substrate use in upland forest ecosystems. - Soil Science Society of America Journal, 65: 359-367.
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O’ Brien, B.J. (1984) Soil organic carbon fluxes and turnover rates estimated from radiocarbon enrichments. Soil Biol & Biochem., 16: 115-120.
Ovreas, L. (2000). Population and community level approaches for analysing microbial diversity in natural environments. Ecol. Lett., 3: 236–251.
Pace, N.R. (1997). A molecular view of microbial diversity and the biosphere. Science, 276: 734– 740.
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Rimmer, D.L. (1982). Soil physical conditions on reclaimed spoil heaps. Journal of Soil Science, 33: 567-579.
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A review on the role of soil microbial biomass in eco-restoration of degraded ecosystem with special reference to mining areas. (2011). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 3(1), 151-158. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v3i1.173
