Effect of pre-harvest fruit bagging on yield, postharvest quality and shelf life of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. BARI Tomato-2
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Abstract
Fruit bagging protects fruits from pest infestation and multiple biotic and abiotic stresses during development without reducing yield. It also can potentially improve the quality and market value of fruits. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the effect of pre-harvest fruit bagging on the yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cv. BARI Tomato-2. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications that constituted the various treatments- T0: Control (no bagging), T1: White paper bag (single layer), T2: Brown paper bag (double layer), T3: Non-woven fabric bag, and T4: Jute bag from October 2021 to March 2022. The results showed that the non-woven fabric bag had the highest fruit length (57.79 mm), diameter (57.81 mm), number of fruits plant-1 (55.9), yield (4.06 kg plant-1), vitamin C (24.63mg/ 100g-1), and lycopene content (0.12 mg g-1). The maximum insect incidence (18.41%) was recorded in control and the minimum was counted in T3 (2.17%). The highest total soluble solid (6.73%0Brix) and dry matter (8.63%) were observed in a white paper bag. The highest mean color score (6.08), firmness (26.81%), and shelf life (13 days) found in fabric bags outperformed non-bagged fruits. The fabric bag showed maximum net income (21.12 TK) and the highest benefit: cost ratio (2.36). Thus, the fabric bag was the best for improving the physical and chemical qualities of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) among the various fruit-covering materials.
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Keywords
Fruit covering, Harvesting, Quality, Shelf life, Tomato
References
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AOAC (2005). Official Methods of AOAC Analysis International. 18th Ed. Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
Chonhenchob, V., Kamhangwong, D., Kruenate, J., Khongrat, K., Tangchantra, N., Wichaiand, U. & Singh, S.P. (2011). Preharvest bagging with wavelength-selective materials enhances development and quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. namdokmai. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91, 664-671. DOI:10.1002/jsfa.4231
Haq, I.U. & Rab, A. (2012). Characterization of physico-chemical attributes of litchi fruit and its relation with fruit skin cracking. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 22, 142-147.
Hoque, F., Kamruzzaman, M., Rana, M.J., Hassan, M.K. & Hassan, J. (2022). Yield gap in bitter gourd production: A perspective of farm-specific efficiency in Narsingdi district in Bangladesh. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 6, 100335. DOI:10.1016/j.ssaho.2022.100335
Huang, C., Yu, B., Teng, Y., Su, J., Shu, Q., Cheng, Z. & Zeng, L. (2009). Effects of fruit bagging on coloring and related physiology, and qualities of red Chinese sand pears during fruit maturation. Scientia Horticulturae, 121, 149-158. DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2009.01.031
Hussain, H.I., Kasinadhuni, N. & Arioli, T. (2021). The effect of seaweed extract on tomato plant growth, productivity and soil. Journal of Applied Phycology, 33, 1305-1314. DOI:10.1007/s10811-021-02387-2
Islam, M.T., Akter, M.M., Rahman, M.H., Uddin, M.S., Bari, M.A., Islam, M. & Rahman, M.A. (2020). Effect of bagging on quality and shelf Life of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. BARI Mango- 4. Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research, 6, 37-45. DOI:10.9734/ajahr/2020/v6i330075
Islam, M.T., Rahman, M.S., Shamsuzzoha, M., Chowdhury, A.K.M.M.B. & Alom, R. (2017). Influence of pre-harvest bagging on fruit quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Mishribhog. International Journal of Biosciences, 11, 59-68. DOI:10.12692/ijb/11.3.59-68
Kireeti, A., Haldankar, P.M., Babu, M.R.V. & Parulekar, Y.R. (2016). Effect of preharvest bagging on mango fruit quality. Research in Environment and Life Sciences, 9, 1366-1369.
Leite, G.L.D., Fialho, A., Zanuncio, J.C., Reis, R. & Da Costa, C.A. (2014). Bagging tomato fruits: A viable and economical method of preventing diseases and insect damage in organic production. Florida Entomologist, 97(1), 50-60. DOI:10.1653/024.0 97.0106
Mondal, C.K., Garain, P.K., Maitr, N.J. & Maji, A. (2015). Bio-friendly management of guava fruit fly (Bactroceracorrecta Bezzi) through wrapping technique. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 7, 358 –363. DOI:10.31018/jans.v7i1.616
Pastori, P.L., Filgueiras, R.M.C., Oster, A.H., Barbosa, M.G., Silveira, M.R.S.D. & Paiva, L.G.G. (2017). Postharvest quality of tomato fruits bagged with nonwoven fabric (TNT). Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 11, 80-88. DOI:10.17584/rcch.2017v11i1.5839.
Patel D.P., Deb, P. & Patel, Y.M. (2020). Effect of fruit bagging on yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). International Journal of Conservation Science, 8, 2191-2197. DOI:10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i5ad.10632
Pathak, V.M., Verma, V.K., Rawat, B.S., Kaur, B., Babu, N., Sharma, A., Dewali, S., Yadav, M., Kumari, R., Singh, S. & Mohapatra, A. (2022). Current status of pesticide effects on environment, human health and it’s eco-friendly management as bioremediation: A comprehensive review. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13, 962619. DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2022.962619
Pratissoli, D., Lima, V.L., Pirovani, V.D. & Lima, W.L. (2015). Occurrence of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on tomato in the Espírito Santo state. Horticultur Brasileira, 33, 101-105. DOI: 10.1590/S0102-053620150000100016
Rahman, M.M., Hossain, M.M., Rahim, M.A., Rubel, M.H.K. & Islam, M.Z. (2018). Effect of pre-harvest fruit bagging on post-harvest quality of guava cv. Swarupkathi. Fundamental and Applied Agriculture, 3, 363-371. DOI:10.5455/faa.285146
Ranganna, S. (1977). Manual of analysis of fruit and vegetable products. Tata McGrawHill Publishing Co. New Delhi.
Rijal, S. and Dahal, B.R. (2019). Integrated management of fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera) of tomato in Nepal. Acta Scientific Agriculture, 3, 41-46. DOI: 10.31080/ASAG.2019.03.0472
Rubel, M. H. K., Hossain, M. M., Hafiz, M. M. H., Rahman, M. M. & Khatun, M. R. (2019). Effect of banana bunch covering technology for quality banana production in Bangladesh. Progressive Agriculture, 30, 238-252.
Santini, A., Romano, R., Meca, G., Raiola, A. & Ritieni, A. (2014). Antioxidant activity and quality of apple juices and puree after in vitro digestion. Journal of Food Research, 3, 41. DOI:10.5539/jfr.v3n4p41.
Sharma, R.R., Nagaraja, A., Goswami, A.K., Thakre, M., Kumar, R. & Varghese, E. (2020). Influence of on-the-tree fruit bagging on biotic stresses and postharvest quality of rainy-season crop of ‘Allahabad Safeda’ guava (Psidium guajava L.). Crop Protection, 135, 105216. DOI:10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105216
Sharma, R.R., Pal, R.K., Asrey, R., Sagar, V.R., Dhiman, M.R. & Rana, M.R. (2013). Preharvest fruit bagging influences fruit color and quality of apple cv. Delicious. Agricultural Sciences, 4, 443. DOI:10.4236/as.2013.49059
Sharma, R.R., Reddy, S.V.R. & Jhalegar, M.J. (2014). Preharvest fruit bagging: a useful approach for plant protection and improved post-harvest fruit quality –a review. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 89, 101-113. DOI:10.1080/14620316.2014.11513055
Sinha, S.R., Singha, A., Faruquee, M., Jiku, M., Sayem, A., Rahaman, M., Alam, M. & Kader, M.A. (2019). Post-harvest assessment of fruit quality and shelf life of two elite tomato varieties cultivated in Bangladesh. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 43, 1-12. DOI:10.1186/s42269-019-0232-5
Wang, L., Zhang, X., Liu, Y., Shi, X., Wang, Y., Zhang, C. & Zhao, Z. (2013). The effect of fruit bagging on the color, phenolic compounds and expression of the anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes on the ‘Granny Smith’ apples. European Food Research and Technology, 237, 875-885. DOI:10.1007/s00217-013-2055-1
Xu, C. X., Chen, H. B., Huang, R. Y. & He, Y. J. (2006). Effects of bagging on fruit growth and quality of carambola. Acta Horticulturae, 773, 195-200. DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.773.28
Yang, W.H., Zhu, X.C., Bu, J.H., Hu, G.B., Wang, H. & Huang, X.M. (2009). Effects of bagging on fruit development and quality in cross-winter off-season longan. Scientia Horticulturae, 120,194-200. DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2008.10.009
Zhou, H., Yu, Z. & Ye. Z. (2019). Effect of bagging duration on peach fruit peel color and key protein changes based on iTRAQ quantitation. Scientia Horticulture, 246, 217–226. DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2018.10.072
AOAC (2000). Official Methods of AOAC Analysis International. 17th Ed. Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
AOAC (2005). Official Methods of AOAC Analysis International. 18th Ed. Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
Chonhenchob, V., Kamhangwong, D., Kruenate, J., Khongrat, K., Tangchantra, N., Wichaiand, U. & Singh, S.P. (2011). Preharvest bagging with wavelength-selective materials enhances development and quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. namdokmai. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91, 664-671. DOI:10.1002/jsfa.4231
Haq, I.U. & Rab, A. (2012). Characterization of physico-chemical attributes of litchi fruit and its relation with fruit skin cracking. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 22, 142-147.
Hoque, F., Kamruzzaman, M., Rana, M.J., Hassan, M.K. & Hassan, J. (2022). Yield gap in bitter gourd production: A perspective of farm-specific efficiency in Narsingdi district in Bangladesh. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 6, 100335. DOI:10.1016/j.ssaho.2022.100335
Huang, C., Yu, B., Teng, Y., Su, J., Shu, Q., Cheng, Z. & Zeng, L. (2009). Effects of fruit bagging on coloring and related physiology, and qualities of red Chinese sand pears during fruit maturation. Scientia Horticulturae, 121, 149-158. DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2009.01.031
Hussain, H.I., Kasinadhuni, N. & Arioli, T. (2021). The effect of seaweed extract on tomato plant growth, productivity and soil. Journal of Applied Phycology, 33, 1305-1314. DOI:10.1007/s10811-021-02387-2
Islam, M.T., Akter, M.M., Rahman, M.H., Uddin, M.S., Bari, M.A., Islam, M. & Rahman, M.A. (2020). Effect of bagging on quality and shelf Life of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. BARI Mango- 4. Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research, 6, 37-45. DOI:10.9734/ajahr/2020/v6i330075
Islam, M.T., Rahman, M.S., Shamsuzzoha, M., Chowdhury, A.K.M.M.B. & Alom, R. (2017). Influence of pre-harvest bagging on fruit quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Mishribhog. International Journal of Biosciences, 11, 59-68. DOI:10.12692/ijb/11.3.59-68
Kireeti, A., Haldankar, P.M., Babu, M.R.V. & Parulekar, Y.R. (2016). Effect of preharvest bagging on mango fruit quality. Research in Environment and Life Sciences, 9, 1366-1369.
Leite, G.L.D., Fialho, A., Zanuncio, J.C., Reis, R. & Da Costa, C.A. (2014). Bagging tomato fruits: A viable and economical method of preventing diseases and insect damage in organic production. Florida Entomologist, 97(1), 50-60. DOI:10.1653/024.0 97.0106
Mondal, C.K., Garain, P.K., Maitr, N.J. & Maji, A. (2015). Bio-friendly management of guava fruit fly (Bactroceracorrecta Bezzi) through wrapping technique. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 7, 358 –363. DOI:10.31018/jans.v7i1.616
Pastori, P.L., Filgueiras, R.M.C., Oster, A.H., Barbosa, M.G., Silveira, M.R.S.D. & Paiva, L.G.G. (2017). Postharvest quality of tomato fruits bagged with nonwoven fabric (TNT). Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas, 11, 80-88. DOI:10.17584/rcch.2017v11i1.5839.
Patel D.P., Deb, P. & Patel, Y.M. (2020). Effect of fruit bagging on yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). International Journal of Conservation Science, 8, 2191-2197. DOI:10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i5ad.10632
Pathak, V.M., Verma, V.K., Rawat, B.S., Kaur, B., Babu, N., Sharma, A., Dewali, S., Yadav, M., Kumari, R., Singh, S. & Mohapatra, A. (2022). Current status of pesticide effects on environment, human health and it’s eco-friendly management as bioremediation: A comprehensive review. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13, 962619. DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2022.962619
Pratissoli, D., Lima, V.L., Pirovani, V.D. & Lima, W.L. (2015). Occurrence of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on tomato in the Espírito Santo state. Horticultur Brasileira, 33, 101-105. DOI: 10.1590/S0102-053620150000100016
Rahman, M.M., Hossain, M.M., Rahim, M.A., Rubel, M.H.K. & Islam, M.Z. (2018). Effect of pre-harvest fruit bagging on post-harvest quality of guava cv. Swarupkathi. Fundamental and Applied Agriculture, 3, 363-371. DOI:10.5455/faa.285146
Ranganna, S. (1977). Manual of analysis of fruit and vegetable products. Tata McGrawHill Publishing Co. New Delhi.
Rijal, S. and Dahal, B.R. (2019). Integrated management of fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera) of tomato in Nepal. Acta Scientific Agriculture, 3, 41-46. DOI: 10.31080/ASAG.2019.03.0472
Rubel, M. H. K., Hossain, M. M., Hafiz, M. M. H., Rahman, M. M. & Khatun, M. R. (2019). Effect of banana bunch covering technology for quality banana production in Bangladesh. Progressive Agriculture, 30, 238-252.
Santini, A., Romano, R., Meca, G., Raiola, A. & Ritieni, A. (2014). Antioxidant activity and quality of apple juices and puree after in vitro digestion. Journal of Food Research, 3, 41. DOI:10.5539/jfr.v3n4p41.
Sharma, R.R., Nagaraja, A., Goswami, A.K., Thakre, M., Kumar, R. & Varghese, E. (2020). Influence of on-the-tree fruit bagging on biotic stresses and postharvest quality of rainy-season crop of ‘Allahabad Safeda’ guava (Psidium guajava L.). Crop Protection, 135, 105216. DOI:10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105216
Sharma, R.R., Pal, R.K., Asrey, R., Sagar, V.R., Dhiman, M.R. & Rana, M.R. (2013). Preharvest fruit bagging influences fruit color and quality of apple cv. Delicious. Agricultural Sciences, 4, 443. DOI:10.4236/as.2013.49059
Sharma, R.R., Reddy, S.V.R. & Jhalegar, M.J. (2014). Preharvest fruit bagging: a useful approach for plant protection and improved post-harvest fruit quality –a review. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 89, 101-113. DOI:10.1080/14620316.2014.11513055
Sinha, S.R., Singha, A., Faruquee, M., Jiku, M., Sayem, A., Rahaman, M., Alam, M. & Kader, M.A. (2019). Post-harvest assessment of fruit quality and shelf life of two elite tomato varieties cultivated in Bangladesh. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 43, 1-12. DOI:10.1186/s42269-019-0232-5
Wang, L., Zhang, X., Liu, Y., Shi, X., Wang, Y., Zhang, C. & Zhao, Z. (2013). The effect of fruit bagging on the color, phenolic compounds and expression of the anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes on the ‘Granny Smith’ apples. European Food Research and Technology, 237, 875-885. DOI:10.1007/s00217-013-2055-1
Xu, C. X., Chen, H. B., Huang, R. Y. & He, Y. J. (2006). Effects of bagging on fruit growth and quality of carambola. Acta Horticulturae, 773, 195-200. DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.773.28
Yang, W.H., Zhu, X.C., Bu, J.H., Hu, G.B., Wang, H. & Huang, X.M. (2009). Effects of bagging on fruit development and quality in cross-winter off-season longan. Scientia Horticulturae, 120,194-200. DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2008.10.009
Zhou, H., Yu, Z. & Ye. Z. (2019). Effect of bagging duration on peach fruit peel color and key protein changes based on iTRAQ quantitation. Scientia Horticulture, 246, 217–226. DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2018.10.072
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Effect of pre-harvest fruit bagging on yield, postharvest quality and shelf life of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. BARI Tomato-2. (2023). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 15(1), 220-226. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v15i1.4261
