Effect of zinc concentration on the growth performance of White leg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei Boone
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Abstract
Awareness about healthy organic food is increasing, leading to research on contaminants/pollutants and their effect on aquatic fauna and mankind. The effect of zinc sulphate on the growth performance of White leg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) was evaluated under six doses viz; 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 mg/l in in vitro study conducted from June to October 2021. The results revealed that higher doses of zinc sulphate showed toxicity against L. vannamei. The weight (3.12gm), length (8.95cm), weight gain per shrimp (4.11g), average daily weight gain (0.032), and specific growth rate (1.1g) were significantly (5%) lower at the higher dose (8mg/l) of zinc sulphate than control 11.73g, 16.22cm, 19.75g, 0.156g, and 2.20g respectively. With an increase in zinc sulphate dose from 0 mg/l in control to 8 mg/l, survival of shrimp decreased from 100 % to 7%. The Lethal concentration (LC50) for zinc sulphate treatments was recorded at 0.71 ppm for shrimp. The water quality parameter pH (7.17-8.09), dissolved oxygen (6.13-7.58mg/l), hardness (4000-4772mg/l), and total alkalinity (162-231mg/l) were in an optimum range. The variation in Nitrite- Nitrogen, Nitrate- Nitrogen and Ammonical-Nitrogen (0-0.018, 0-0.4, 0-0.018mg/l) were within a permissible range. Thus, the present study revealed that zinc had a negative potential effect on L. vannamei at higher concentrations and may lead to serious economic loss to farmers if ignored.
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Keywords
Litopenaeus vannamei, Lethal, concentration, Survival, Toxicity, Zinc
References
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Sejati, R. A. W., Hanum, G. R. & Pramushinta, I. A. K. (2022). Test of Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) on Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) at Kalanganyar Market, Sidoarjo with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Medicra (Journal of Medical Laboratory Science/Technology), 5(1), 56-61. https://doi.org/10.21070/medicra.v5i1.1624
Silva, E., Viana, Z. C. V., Onofre, C. R. E., Korn, M. G. A. & Santos, V. L. C. S. (2016). Distribution of trace elements in tissues of shrimp species Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) from Bahia, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 76, 194-204. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.17114
Sivadasan, C. R., Nambisan, P. N. K. & Damodaran, R. (1986). Toxicity of mercury, copper and zinc to the prawn Metapenaeus dobsoni (MIER). Current Science, 337-340. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24089404
Soegianto, A., Charmantier-Daures, M., Trilles, J. P. & Charmantier, G. (1999). Impact of copper on the structure of gills and epipodites of the shrimp Penaeus japonicus (Decapoda). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 19(2), 209-223 https://doi.org/10.1163/193724099X00015
Sprague, J. B. (1970). Measurement of pollutant toxicity to fish. II. Utilizing and applying bioassay results. Water Research, 4(1), 3-32 https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(70)90018-7
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2017). Water Quality Standards Handbook: Chapter 3: Water Quality Criteria. EPA-823-B-17-001. EPA Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, Washington, DC. Accessed November 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-10/documents/handbook-chapter3.pdf
Viswanathan. S. & Manisseri, M. K. (1993). Histopathological studies of zinc toxicity in P. indicus. Milne Edwards. MSc Dissertation. Cochin University of Science and Technology. India. http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/id/eprint/11136
Wu, J. P., & Chen, H. C. (2004). Effects of cadmium and zinc on oxygen consumption, ammonium excretion, and osmoregulation of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Chemosphere, 57(11), 1591-1598.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.07.033
Wu, J. P. & Chen, H. C. (2005). Metallothionein induction and heavy metal accumulation in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to cadmium and zinc. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 140 (3-4), 383-394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2005.03.006.
APHA (1995). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 19th edn. NewYork, USA. http://www.sciepub.com/reference/36447
Bambang, Y., Thuet, P., Charmantier-Daures, M., Trilles, J. P. & Charmantier, G. (1995). Effect of copper on survival and osmoregulation of various developmental stages of the shrimp Penaeus japonicus Bate (Crustacea, Decapoda). Aquatic Toxicology, 33(2), 125-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-445X(95)00011-R
Barbieri, E. (2009). Effects of zinc and cadmium on oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion in pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus paulensis, Pérez-Farfante, 1967, Crustacea). Ecotoxicology, 18(3), 312-318. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10646-008-0285-y
Chatla, D., Padmavathi, P. & Srinu, G. (2020). Wastewater treatment techniques for sustainable aquaculture. Waste management as economic industry towards circular economy, 159-166. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-15-1620-7_17
Chen, C., Xu, C., Qian, D., Yu, Q., Huang, M., Zhou, L, Qind., G. J, Chenc., L. & Lia, E. (2020). Growth and health status of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, exposed to chronic water born cobalt. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 100, 137-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.011
FAO (2018). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018, FAO, Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, Rome, Italy. https://www.fao.org/3/I9553EN/i9553en.pdf
Gao, W., Tan, B., Mai, K., Chi, S., Liu, H., Dong, X. & Yang, Q. (2012). Profiling of differentially expressed genes in hepatopancreas of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) exposed to long-term low salinity stress. Aquaculture, 364, 186-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.08.024
Khushbu, Gulati, R., Sushma & Bamel, K. (2022a). Microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) in Shrimp and Its Detection Methods. Bulletin of Pure and Applied Sciences-Zoology, 41A (1), 179-187. DOI:10.5958/2320-3188.2022.00022.5
Khushbu, Gulati, R., Sushma & Sharma, P. (2022b). Shrimp culture (Litopenaeus vannamei) and its management. Agricultural Science: Research and Review, 7, 62-76. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3622920 19_Shrimp_culture_Litopenaeus_vannamei_an d_its_man agement
Kumar, N., Banerjee, C., Chang, J. S. & Shukla, P. (2022). Valorization of wastewater through microalgae as a prospect for generation of biofuel and high-value products. Journal of Cleaner Production, 132114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132114
Langston, W. J. (2018). Toxic effects of metals and the incidence of metal pollution in marine ecosystems. Heavy metals in the marine environment, 101-120. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.1201/97813510 73158-7/toxic-effects-metals-incidence-metal-pollution-marine-ecosystems-langston
Nagajyoti, P. C., Lee, K. D. & Sreekanth, T. V. M. (2010). Heavy metals, occurrence and toxicity for plants: a review. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 8(3), 199-216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-010-0297-8
Naylor, R. L., Hardy, R. W., Buschmann, A. H., Bush, S. R., Cao, L., Klinger, D. H., ... & Troell, M. (2021). A 20-year retrospective review of global aquaculture. Nature, 591(7851), 551-563. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03736-4
Patil, P. K., Mishra, S. S., Pradhan, P. K., Manna, S. K., Abraham, J. T., Solanki, H. G., ... & Jena, J. (2022). Usage pattern of chemicals, biologicals and veterinary medicinal products in Indian aquaculture. Reviews in Aquaculture. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12688
Pérez, E. & Hoang, T. C. (2017). Chronic toxicity of binary‐metal mixtures of cadmium and zinc to Daphnia magna. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 36(10), 2739-2749.https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3830
Sejati, R. A. W., Hanum, G. R. & Pramushinta, I. A. K. (2022). Test of Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) on Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) at Kalanganyar Market, Sidoarjo with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Medicra (Journal of Medical Laboratory Science/Technology), 5(1), 56-61. https://doi.org/10.21070/medicra.v5i1.1624
Silva, E., Viana, Z. C. V., Onofre, C. R. E., Korn, M. G. A. & Santos, V. L. C. S. (2016). Distribution of trace elements in tissues of shrimp species Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) from Bahia, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 76, 194-204. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.17114
Sivadasan, C. R., Nambisan, P. N. K. & Damodaran, R. (1986). Toxicity of mercury, copper and zinc to the prawn Metapenaeus dobsoni (MIER). Current Science, 337-340. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24089404
Soegianto, A., Charmantier-Daures, M., Trilles, J. P. & Charmantier, G. (1999). Impact of copper on the structure of gills and epipodites of the shrimp Penaeus japonicus (Decapoda). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 19(2), 209-223 https://doi.org/10.1163/193724099X00015
Sprague, J. B. (1970). Measurement of pollutant toxicity to fish. II. Utilizing and applying bioassay results. Water Research, 4(1), 3-32 https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(70)90018-7
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2017). Water Quality Standards Handbook: Chapter 3: Water Quality Criteria. EPA-823-B-17-001. EPA Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, Washington, DC. Accessed November 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-10/documents/handbook-chapter3.pdf
Viswanathan. S. & Manisseri, M. K. (1993). Histopathological studies of zinc toxicity in P. indicus. Milne Edwards. MSc Dissertation. Cochin University of Science and Technology. India. http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/id/eprint/11136
Wu, J. P., & Chen, H. C. (2004). Effects of cadmium and zinc on oxygen consumption, ammonium excretion, and osmoregulation of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Chemosphere, 57(11), 1591-1598.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.07.033
Wu, J. P. & Chen, H. C. (2005). Metallothionein induction and heavy metal accumulation in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to cadmium and zinc. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 140 (3-4), 383-394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2005.03.006.
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Effect of zinc concentration on the growth performance of White leg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei Boone . (2023). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 15(1), 289-296. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v15i1.3969
