Intraspecific morphometric variability in the populations of Barilius bendelisis (Hamilton) from the Alaknanda basin of Central Himalaya
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Abstract
The present study observed variations in the morphological traits of hill trout, Barilius bendelisis (Hamilton, 1807) from Alaknanda basin of Central Himalaya. A total of 124 samples of B. bendelisis were collected from three different tributaries, Dugadda Gad, Khankhra Gad and Khandah Gad of Alaknanda river between March 2015 to April 2016. Ninety morphometric characters were measured for each specimen. Statistical tools, univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant function analysis (DFA) were used to differentiate the populations of B. bendelisis. PCA extracted eight significant morphometric traits explaining 87.9% of total variation among the three populations. DFA revealed that 83.1% specimens were retained into their original groups. Environmental factors were attributed to phenotypic variations among closely related populations. The present study is a first attempt on stock structure of B. bendelisis from different tributaries of Alaknanda river. The study will help in future conservation and management of this fish species across Uttarakhand region, India.
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Keywords
Barilius bendelisis, Hill trout, Intraspecific, Variability
References
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Banerjee, T., Mahapatra, B.K and Patra, B.C. (2017). Morphomeristic characteristics of moustached Danio, Danio dangila (Hamilton, 1822) from North-East hilly region of India. Int. J. Fish. Aquat. Stud., 5(2): 389-393.
Booke, H.E. (1981). The conundrum of the stock concept: are nature and nurture definable in fishery science? Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci, 38: 1479-1480.
Cadrin, S.X. (2000). Advances in morphometric identification of fishery stocks. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. 10: 91-112.
Costa, J.L., De Almeida, P.R. and Costa, M.J. (2003). A morphometric and meristic investigation of Lusitanian toadfish Halobatrachus diductilus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801): evidence of population fragmentation on Portuguese coast. Sci. Mar., 67: 219-231.
Day, F. (1878). Fishes of India. Vol.1 and Vol 2. William Dawson and Sons Ltd., London.
Elliott, N.G., Haskard, K. and Koslow, J.A. (1995). Morphometric analysis of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) off the continental slope of Southern Australia. J. Fish Biol., 46: 202-220.
Hammer, O., Harper, D.A.T. and Ryan, P.D. (2001). PAST: Palaeontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol. Electron.,4: 9.
Hazarika, A., Borah, U. and Bordoloi, L. (2011) Studies on morphometric measurements and meristic counts of hill trout (Barilius bendelisis, Hamilton) from the River Buroi at the boundary areas of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, India. Indian J. Fund. Appl. Life Sci., 1: 194-198.
Hossain, M.A.R., Nahiduzzaman, M., Habiba, K.D.S., Mst, U. and Alam, M.S. (2010). Landmark-based morphometric and meristic variations of the endangered Carp, Kalibaus Labeo calbasu, from stocks of two isolated rivers, the Jamuna and Halda, and a hatchery. Zool. Stud., 49: 556-563.
Kaoueche, M., Bahri-Sfar, L., Hammami, I. and Hassine, O.K.B. (2016). Morphometric variations in white seabream Diplodus sargus (Linneus, 1758) populations along the Tunisian coast. Oceanologia, 87: 1-10.
Karakousis, Y., Triantaphyllidis, C. and Economidis, P.S. (1991). Morphological variability among seven populations of brown trout, Salmon trutta L., in Greece. J. Fish Biol., 38: 807-817.
Khan, M.A., Miyan, K. and Khan, S. (2012). Morphometric variation of snakehead fish, Channa punctatus, populations from three rivers. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 28: 154-155.
Kullander, S.O., Fang, F., Delling, B. and Ahlander, E. (1999). The fishes of Kashmir valley. In : Nyman L., (ed.) River Jhelum, Kashmir Valley,99-162. Swedmar, The international consultancy group of the National Board of Fisheries, Goteborgs, Lanstryckeri AB., Swedmar.
MacLean, J.A. and Evans, D.O. (1981). The stock concept, discreteness of fish stocks, and fisheries management. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci, 38: 1889-1898.
Mir, J.I., Mir, F.A., Chandra, S. and Patiyal, R.S. (2013a). Pattern of morphological variations in Alghad snowtrout, Schizopyge niger (Heckel 1838) from Kashmir Himalaya using truss network analysis.Ichthyol. Res.,60(3): 256–262.
Mir, F.A., Mir, J.I., and Chandra, S. (2013b). Phenotypic variation in the Snowtrout Schizothorax richardsonii (Gray, 1832) (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from the Indian Himalayas. Contrib. Zool., 82(3), 115-122.
Mir, J.I., Saxena, N., Patiyal, R.S. and Sahoo, P.K. (2015). Phenotypic differentiation of Barilius bendelisis (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in four rivers from Central Indian Himalaya. Int. J. Trop. Biol., 63(1): 165-173.
Mirza, M.R. (1991). A contribution to the systematics of the Schizothoracine fishes (Pisces: Cyprinidae) with the description of three new tribes. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 23: 339-341.
Miyan, K., Khan, M.A., Patel, D.K., Khan, S. and Ansari, N.G. (2015). Truss morphometry and otolith microchemistry reveal stock discrimination in Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758) inhabiting the Gangetic river system. Fish. Res., 173: 294-302.
Pfennig, D.W., Wund, M.A., Snell-Rood, E.C., Cruickshank, T., Schlichting, C.D and Moczek, A.P. (2010). Phenotypic plasticity's impacts on diversification and speciation. Trends Ecol. Evol., 25: 459–467.
Poulet, N., Berrebi, P., Crivelli, A.J., Lek, S. and Argillier, C. (2004). Genetic and morphometric variations in the pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) of a fragmented delta. Arch. Hydrobiol., 159: 531554.
Quilang, J.P., Basiao, Z.U., Pagulayan, R.C., Roderos, R.R. and Barrios, E.B.(2007). Meristic and morphometric variation in the silver perch, Leiopotherapon plumbeus (Kner, 1864), from three lakes in the Philippines. J. Appl. Ichthyol, 23: 561-567.
Rohlf, F.J. (2006). tpsDig2, ver. 2.1. State University of New York, Stony Brook.
Strauss, R.E. and Bookstein, F.L. (1982). The truss: body from reconstructions in morphometrics. Syst. Zool., 31: 113-135.
Suresh, V.R. and Mandal, V.K. (2001). Aquaculture development possibility on Hills through integrated watershed management. Fish.Chimes, 21(4): 33-36.
Talwar, P.K. and Jhingran, A.G. (1991). Inland Fishes of India and Adjacent Countries. Vol.1. Balkema AA, Rotterdam.
Turan, C., Erguden, D., Gurlek, M., Basusta, N. and Turan, F. (2004). Morphometric structuring of the anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus L.) in the black, Aegean and Northeastern Mediterranean seas. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci, 28: 865-871.
Wimberger, P.H. (1992). Plasticity of fish body shape, the effects of diet, development, family and age in two species of Geophagus (Pisces, Cichlidae). Biol. J . Limnol. Soc., 45:197-218.
Banerjee, T., Mahapatra, B.K and Patra, B.C. (2017). Morphomeristic characteristics of moustached Danio, Danio dangila (Hamilton, 1822) from North-East hilly region of India. Int. J. Fish. Aquat. Stud., 5(2): 389-393.
Booke, H.E. (1981). The conundrum of the stock concept: are nature and nurture definable in fishery science? Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci, 38: 1479-1480.
Cadrin, S.X. (2000). Advances in morphometric identification of fishery stocks. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. 10: 91-112.
Costa, J.L., De Almeida, P.R. and Costa, M.J. (2003). A morphometric and meristic investigation of Lusitanian toadfish Halobatrachus diductilus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801): evidence of population fragmentation on Portuguese coast. Sci. Mar., 67: 219-231.
Day, F. (1878). Fishes of India. Vol.1 and Vol 2. William Dawson and Sons Ltd., London.
Elliott, N.G., Haskard, K. and Koslow, J.A. (1995). Morphometric analysis of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) off the continental slope of Southern Australia. J. Fish Biol., 46: 202-220.
Hammer, O., Harper, D.A.T. and Ryan, P.D. (2001). PAST: Palaeontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol. Electron.,4: 9.
Hazarika, A., Borah, U. and Bordoloi, L. (2011) Studies on morphometric measurements and meristic counts of hill trout (Barilius bendelisis, Hamilton) from the River Buroi at the boundary areas of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, India. Indian J. Fund. Appl. Life Sci., 1: 194-198.
Hossain, M.A.R., Nahiduzzaman, M., Habiba, K.D.S., Mst, U. and Alam, M.S. (2010). Landmark-based morphometric and meristic variations of the endangered Carp, Kalibaus Labeo calbasu, from stocks of two isolated rivers, the Jamuna and Halda, and a hatchery. Zool. Stud., 49: 556-563.
Kaoueche, M., Bahri-Sfar, L., Hammami, I. and Hassine, O.K.B. (2016). Morphometric variations in white seabream Diplodus sargus (Linneus, 1758) populations along the Tunisian coast. Oceanologia, 87: 1-10.
Karakousis, Y., Triantaphyllidis, C. and Economidis, P.S. (1991). Morphological variability among seven populations of brown trout, Salmon trutta L., in Greece. J. Fish Biol., 38: 807-817.
Khan, M.A., Miyan, K. and Khan, S. (2012). Morphometric variation of snakehead fish, Channa punctatus, populations from three rivers. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 28: 154-155.
Kullander, S.O., Fang, F., Delling, B. and Ahlander, E. (1999). The fishes of Kashmir valley. In : Nyman L., (ed.) River Jhelum, Kashmir Valley,99-162. Swedmar, The international consultancy group of the National Board of Fisheries, Goteborgs, Lanstryckeri AB., Swedmar.
MacLean, J.A. and Evans, D.O. (1981). The stock concept, discreteness of fish stocks, and fisheries management. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci, 38: 1889-1898.
Mir, J.I., Mir, F.A., Chandra, S. and Patiyal, R.S. (2013a). Pattern of morphological variations in Alghad snowtrout, Schizopyge niger (Heckel 1838) from Kashmir Himalaya using truss network analysis.Ichthyol. Res.,60(3): 256–262.
Mir, F.A., Mir, J.I., and Chandra, S. (2013b). Phenotypic variation in the Snowtrout Schizothorax richardsonii (Gray, 1832) (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from the Indian Himalayas. Contrib. Zool., 82(3), 115-122.
Mir, J.I., Saxena, N., Patiyal, R.S. and Sahoo, P.K. (2015). Phenotypic differentiation of Barilius bendelisis (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in four rivers from Central Indian Himalaya. Int. J. Trop. Biol., 63(1): 165-173.
Mirza, M.R. (1991). A contribution to the systematics of the Schizothoracine fishes (Pisces: Cyprinidae) with the description of three new tribes. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 23: 339-341.
Miyan, K., Khan, M.A., Patel, D.K., Khan, S. and Ansari, N.G. (2015). Truss morphometry and otolith microchemistry reveal stock discrimination in Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758) inhabiting the Gangetic river system. Fish. Res., 173: 294-302.
Pfennig, D.W., Wund, M.A., Snell-Rood, E.C., Cruickshank, T., Schlichting, C.D and Moczek, A.P. (2010). Phenotypic plasticity's impacts on diversification and speciation. Trends Ecol. Evol., 25: 459–467.
Poulet, N., Berrebi, P., Crivelli, A.J., Lek, S. and Argillier, C. (2004). Genetic and morphometric variations in the pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) of a fragmented delta. Arch. Hydrobiol., 159: 531554.
Quilang, J.P., Basiao, Z.U., Pagulayan, R.C., Roderos, R.R. and Barrios, E.B.(2007). Meristic and morphometric variation in the silver perch, Leiopotherapon plumbeus (Kner, 1864), from three lakes in the Philippines. J. Appl. Ichthyol, 23: 561-567.
Rohlf, F.J. (2006). tpsDig2, ver. 2.1. State University of New York, Stony Brook.
Strauss, R.E. and Bookstein, F.L. (1982). The truss: body from reconstructions in morphometrics. Syst. Zool., 31: 113-135.
Suresh, V.R. and Mandal, V.K. (2001). Aquaculture development possibility on Hills through integrated watershed management. Fish.Chimes, 21(4): 33-36.
Talwar, P.K. and Jhingran, A.G. (1991). Inland Fishes of India and Adjacent Countries. Vol.1. Balkema AA, Rotterdam.
Turan, C., Erguden, D., Gurlek, M., Basusta, N. and Turan, F. (2004). Morphometric structuring of the anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus L.) in the black, Aegean and Northeastern Mediterranean seas. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci, 28: 865-871.
Wimberger, P.H. (1992). Plasticity of fish body shape, the effects of diet, development, family and age in two species of Geophagus (Pisces, Cichlidae). Biol. J . Limnol. Soc., 45:197-218.
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Intraspecific morphometric variability in the populations of Barilius bendelisis (Hamilton) from the Alaknanda basin of Central Himalaya. (2018). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 10(4), 1199-1203. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i4.1920
