First report of amphizoic amoebae isolated from edible Oyster mushroom- Pleurotus sajor-caju (Singer, 1949)
Article Main
Abstract
The present document serves as the first evidence that describes the presence of amphizoic amoebae in cap, stalk and internal tissues such as gills of the edible Oyster mushrooms, Pleurotus sajor-caju, packaged, and sold for public consumption. Samples tested over a 9 month period from different vegetable markets of Lucknow city revealed that out of 180 mushrooms, 176 (97.77%) yielded amphizoic amoebae, namely, Schizopyrenus, Naegleria, Hartmannella, Acanthamoeba and Vanella sp. Four samples of internal tissues yielded 6 strains of amoebae. A total of 17 Naegleria strains were isolated, out of which 5 were identified as Naegleria fowleri and were tested for their pathogenicity. The strains 2BNf01 and 5BNf04 were mildly pathogenic and strains, 4ANf02i, 4ANf03 and 8ANf05i were highly pathogenic. It was also observed that the most frequently observed species of amoebae belonged to the genus Acanthamoeba and a total 103 Acanthamoeba strains recorded.
Article Details
Article Details
Amphizoic amoebae, Oyster mushroom, Pleurotus sajor-caju
Clurea-Varl Saanen, M. (1981). L’isolement d’amibes libres dans le sol et les legumes; etude morphologique et pathogenique des souches isolees. Rev. Med. Suisse Romande,101:229-238.
Duma, R. J. (1972). Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci., 3:163-192.
Gourabathini, P., Brandl M. T., Redding K. S., Gunderson J. H. and Berk, S.G. (2008). Interactions Between Foodborne Pathogens and Protozoa Isolated from Lettuce and Spinach. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 74 : 2518-2525.
Levine, N. D., Corliss, J. O., Cox. F. E. G., Deroux, G., Grain, J., Honigberg, B. M., Leedale, G. F., Loeblick, A. R., Lom, J., Lynn, D., Merinfeld, E. G., Page, F. C., Polijansky, G.,ra Sprague, V., Vavra, J. and Wallance, F. C. (1980). The newly revised classification of Protozoa. J. Protozool., 27: 37-58.
Napolitano, J. J. (1982). Isolation of amoebae from edible mushrooms. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 44 (1): 255-257.
Napolitano, J. J. and Flanagan, V. D. (1980). Occurrence of amoebae in and around the mushroom Laccaria trullisata. J. Protozool., 28 : 494-497.
Napolitano, J. J. and Colletti-Eggolt C. (2007). Occurrence of Amoebae on Oak Leaf Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var.crispa) and Boston Lettuce (L. sativa var. capitata). Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 31 (3) : 454 – 455.
Rodriguez-Zaragoza, S., Mayzlish, E. and Steinberger, Y. (2005). Vertical distribution of the free-living amoeba population in soil under desert shrubs in the Negev desert, Israel. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 71 (4): 2053-2060.
Rude, R. A., Jackson, G. J., Bier, J. W., Sawyer, T. K., Risty, N. G. (1984). Survey of fresh vegetables for nematodes, amoebae, and Salmonella. Journal Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 67 : 613-615.
Sandon, H. (1927). The composition and distribution of the protozoan fauna of the soil. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.
Sharma, A. K., Pandey, R. and Pandey, K. (2004). A report on the occurrence of amphizoic amoebae from carrot. Flora and Fauna, 10 (2) : 141-143.
Shukla, K. and Sharma, A. K. (2010). Studies on protozoans with special reference to amphizoic amoebae being isolated from edible biological products. Ph.D. Thesis. Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow. India
Singer, R. (1949). The Agaricales in modern taxonomy. Lilloa, 22: 387.
Singh, B. N. (1981). Nuclear division as the basis for possible phylogenic classification of the order Amoebida Kent, 1880, Ind. J. Parasitol., 5: 133-153.
Singh, B. N. and Hanumaiah, V. (1979). Studies on pathogenic and non-pathogenic amoebae and the bearing of nuclear division and locomotion form and behavior on the classification of the order amoebida. Monograph no.1 of the Association of Microbiologists of India. Indian J. Microbiol., 1-80.
Singh. B. N. (1975). Pathogenic and non-pathogenic amoebae. Wiley & Sons, New York.
Srivastava, A., Sharma, A. K., and Jaiswal, K. (1996). Isolation of pathogenic Acanthamoeba rhysodes from Turnip. Biol. Memoirs, 22 (2): 87-89.
This work is licensed under Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) © Author (s)
