Identification of endophytic fungi from the medicinal plants of Biligirirangana hill, Karnataka
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Abstract
Four plants with medicinal properties Carica papaya, Phyllanthus amarus, Tinospora cordifolia and Azadiracta indica were selected as a host plant for the isolation of endophytic fungi collected from Biligirirangana Hill, ranges from 11° 40’ to 12° 09’ North and 77° 05’ to 77° 01’ East, the southern part of Eastern Ghats Chamarajanagar District, Karnataka. The leaves of these plants revealed two, four, six and three isolates of endophytic fungi which belonged to the family Hypomycetes, Ascomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Coleomycetes respectively. One of the unidentified strain from each of the above four medicinal plant isolate was subjected to molecular analysis followed by 18SrRNA sequence, internal transcribed spacer regions and phylogenetic analysis. Based on the gene sequencing and phylogenetic tree the clusters species of the fungal isolate was found to be Stemphylium lycopersici, Epicoccum nigrum, Leptosphaerulina arachidicola and Phomopsis azadirachtae reported in this paper.
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Keywords
Biligirirangana Hill, Endophytic fungi, Medicinal plants, Phylogenetic analysis, Sequencing
References
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El-Hawary, S.S., Mohammed, R., AbouZid, SF., Bakeer, W., Ebel, R., Sayed, AM., Rateb, ME., (2016). Solamargine production by a fungal endophyte of Solanum nigrum. J Appl Microbiol., 120(4): 900-911.
Fa ´varo LCdL, Sebastianes FLdS, Arau ´jo WL (2012) Epicoccum nigrum P16, a Sugarcane Endophyte, Produces Antifungal Compounds and Induces Root Growth. PLoS ONE 7(6): e36826. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036826
Gary S., Xianshu Yang., lt Joe Sears., Robert Kramer., Rajinder S., Sidhu and Hess, WM. (1996). Taxol from Pestalotiopsis microspora, an endophytic fungus of Taxus wallachiana Microbiology, 142: 435-440.
Itoro, E., Ukana, D., and Ekaete, D. (2013). Phytochemical screening and nutrient analysis of Phyllanthus amarus. Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research. 3: 116-122.
Kim, WK., Mauthe, W., Hausner, G., Klassen, GR. (1990). Isolation of high molecular weight DNA and double-stranded RNAs from Fungi. Can J Bot. 68: 1898-1902.
Kumaresan, S., Senthilkumar, V., Stephen, A., and Balakumar, BS., (2014). GC-MS analysis and Pass-assisted prediction of biological activity spectra of extract of Phomopsis sp. Isolated from Andrographis paniculata. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 4(1): 1035-1053.
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Palem, Kuriakose, GC., Jayabaskaran, C. (2016). Correction: An Endophytic Fungus, Talaromyces radicus, Isolated from Catharanthus roseus, Produces Vincristine and Vinblastine, Which Induce Apoptotic Cell Death. PLOS ONE 11(4): e0153111.
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Saranraj, P., and Sivasakthivelan, P. (2012). Screening of antibacterial activity of the medicinal plant Phyllanthus amarus against urinary tract infection causing bacterial pathogens. Applied Journal of Hygiene. 1 (3): 19-24.
Savitha, D., Rita, M., Sonam, V., Varuni, Kirti, P., and Basavaraj, H. (2012). Phytochemical analysis, Antimicrobial and Antitumour screening of Endophytes of Tinospora cordifolia. Int J Pharm Bio Sci Oct; 3(4): (B) 533 – 540.
Schoch, CL., Seifert, KA., Huhndorf, S., Robert, V., Spouge, JL., Levesque, CA., and Chen, W. (2012). Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi. Proceeding of National Academy of Science USA. 109(16) 6241–6246.
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Schulz, B., Wanke, U., Drager, S., Aust, HJ. (1993). Endophytes from herbaceous plants and shrubs: Effective of surface sterilization methods. Mycological Research. 97:1447-1450.
Sonia, V., Hitender S., and Munish G. (2014). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 3 (2): 1822.
Strobel, GA. (2003). Endophytes as sources of bioactive products. Microbes and Infection; 5:535 44.
Tambekar, DH., Khante, BS., Chandak, BR., Titare, AS., Boralkar, SS., and Aghadte, SN. (2009). Screening of antibacterial potentials of some medicinal plants from Melghat forest in India. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 6(3): 228-232.
Tan, RX., and Zhou, WX. (2001). Endophytes: A rich source of functional metabolites. Nat. Prod. Rep., 18, 448-459.
Tripathi, AK., Bhoyar, PK., Baheti, JR., Biyani, DM., and Khalique, M. (2011). Herbal antidiabetics. International Journal Research of Pharmcological Science 2: 30-37.
Udayanga, D., Liu X., McKenzie EHC., Chukeatirote, E., Bahkali, HA., Hyde, KD. (2011). The genus Phomopsis: biology, applications, species concepts and names of common phytopathogens. Fungal Diversity, 50: 189-225.
Valiathan, MS. (1998). Healing plants. Curr. Sci., 75:1122-1126.
White, TJ., Burns, T., Lee, S., and Taylor, J. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. San Diego: Academic Press, 315–322.
Zhang, W., Xu, L., Yang, L., Huang, Y., Li, S., Shen, Y. (2014). Phomopsidone A, a novel depsidone metabolite from the mangrove endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. A123. Fitoterapia, 96: 146-151.
El-Hawary, S.S., Mohammed, R., AbouZid, SF., Bakeer, W., Ebel, R., Sayed, AM., Rateb, ME., (2016). Solamargine production by a fungal endophyte of Solanum nigrum. J Appl Microbiol., 120(4): 900-911.
Fa ´varo LCdL, Sebastianes FLdS, Arau ´jo WL (2012) Epicoccum nigrum P16, a Sugarcane Endophyte, Produces Antifungal Compounds and Induces Root Growth. PLoS ONE 7(6): e36826. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036826
Gary S., Xianshu Yang., lt Joe Sears., Robert Kramer., Rajinder S., Sidhu and Hess, WM. (1996). Taxol from Pestalotiopsis microspora, an endophytic fungus of Taxus wallachiana Microbiology, 142: 435-440.
Itoro, E., Ukana, D., and Ekaete, D. (2013). Phytochemical screening and nutrient analysis of Phyllanthus amarus. Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research. 3: 116-122.
Kim, WK., Mauthe, W., Hausner, G., Klassen, GR. (1990). Isolation of high molecular weight DNA and double-stranded RNAs from Fungi. Can J Bot. 68: 1898-1902.
Kumaresan, S., Senthilkumar, V., Stephen, A., and Balakumar, BS., (2014). GC-MS analysis and Pass-assisted prediction of biological activity spectra of extract of Phomopsis sp. Isolated from Andrographis paniculata. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 4(1): 1035-1053.
Murali, TS., Suryanarayanan, TS., Geeta, R., (2006). Endophytic Phomopsis species: host range and implications for diversity estimates. Can. J. Microbiol. 52: 673-680.
Palem, Kuriakose, GC., Jayabaskaran, C. (2016). Correction: An Endophytic Fungus, Talaromyces radicus, Isolated from Catharanthus roseus, Produces Vincristine and Vinblastine, Which Induce Apoptotic Cell Death. PLOS ONE 11(4): e0153111.
Pamoda, B., Ratnaweera, E., Dilip de, Silva., David, E.. Williams., and Raymond, J., Andersen. (2015). Antimicrobial activities of endophytic fungi obtained from the arid zone invasive plant Opuntia dillenii and the isolation of Equisetin, from endophytic Fusarium sp. Nutr Hosp., 32(6): 2932-2937 ISSN 0212 -1611.
Patel, JR., Tripathi, P., Sharma, V., Chauhan, NS., and Dixit, VK. (2011). Phyllanthus amarus: Ethnomedicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 138 (2): 286-313.
Paul, H. (2013). Uses for Papaya Leaves - A Powerful Cure for Cancer.
Pu, X., Qu, X., Chen, F., Bao, J., Zhang, G., and Luo, Y., (2013). Camptothecin producing endophytic fungus Trichoderma atroviride LY357: Isolation, Identification, and fermentation conditions optimization for Camptothecin production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 97(21):9365-75. doi: 10.1007/s00253-013-5163-8.
Saranraj, P., and Sivasakthivelan, P. (2012). Screening of antibacterial activity of the medicinal plant Phyllanthus amarus against urinary tract infection causing bacterial pathogens. Applied Journal of Hygiene. 1 (3): 19-24.
Savitha, D., Rita, M., Sonam, V., Varuni, Kirti, P., and Basavaraj, H. (2012). Phytochemical analysis, Antimicrobial and Antitumour screening of Endophytes of Tinospora cordifolia. Int J Pharm Bio Sci Oct; 3(4): (B) 533 – 540.
Schoch, CL., Seifert, KA., Huhndorf, S., Robert, V., Spouge, JL., Levesque, CA., and Chen, W. (2012). Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi. Proceeding of National Academy of Science USA. 109(16) 6241–6246.
Schulz, B., and Boyle, C. (2006). What are endophytes? In: Schulz, B., Boyle, C., Sieber, T., editors. Microbial root endophytes. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. p. 1–13.
Schulz, B., Wanke, U., Drager, S., Aust, HJ. (1993). Endophytes from herbaceous plants and shrubs: Effective of surface sterilization methods. Mycological Research. 97:1447-1450.
Sonia, V., Hitender S., and Munish G. (2014). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 3 (2): 1822.
Strobel, GA. (2003). Endophytes as sources of bioactive products. Microbes and Infection; 5:535 44.
Tambekar, DH., Khante, BS., Chandak, BR., Titare, AS., Boralkar, SS., and Aghadte, SN. (2009). Screening of antibacterial potentials of some medicinal plants from Melghat forest in India. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 6(3): 228-232.
Tan, RX., and Zhou, WX. (2001). Endophytes: A rich source of functional metabolites. Nat. Prod. Rep., 18, 448-459.
Tripathi, AK., Bhoyar, PK., Baheti, JR., Biyani, DM., and Khalique, M. (2011). Herbal antidiabetics. International Journal Research of Pharmcological Science 2: 30-37.
Udayanga, D., Liu X., McKenzie EHC., Chukeatirote, E., Bahkali, HA., Hyde, KD. (2011). The genus Phomopsis: biology, applications, species concepts and names of common phytopathogens. Fungal Diversity, 50: 189-225.
Valiathan, MS. (1998). Healing plants. Curr. Sci., 75:1122-1126.
White, TJ., Burns, T., Lee, S., and Taylor, J. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. San Diego: Academic Press, 315–322.
Zhang, W., Xu, L., Yang, L., Huang, Y., Li, S., Shen, Y. (2014). Phomopsidone A, a novel depsidone metabolite from the mangrove endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. A123. Fitoterapia, 96: 146-151.
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Identification of endophytic fungi from the medicinal plants of Biligirirangana hill, Karnataka. (2018). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 10(4), 1156-1161. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i4.1890
