Bio-efficacy of Trichoderma species against Pigeonpea wilt pathogen
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Abstract
Three biocontrol agent viz., Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma virens and Trichoderma harzianum were evaluated to test the antagonism against Fusarium udum under in vitro conditions. All the three biocontrol agents have the potential of parasitizing the growth of Fusarium udum in vitro. The rate of parasitism was found fastest in T. viride (61.12% over growth in 96 hrs) than T. virens and T. harzianum. The volatile compounds from Trichoderma viride suppressed the mycelial growth of Fusarium udum by 43.13% and found effective when compared to Tricho-derma virens and Trichoderma harzianum. Non-volatile compounds or culture filtrate from Trichoderma virens at 15% concentration shows complete mycelial inhibition of the test fungi. The antagonist T. virens was chosen to be the most promising bio-control agent for F. udum.
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Keywords
Bio-efficacy, Fusarium udum, Pigeonpea, Trichoderma, Wilt
References
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Chaudhary, R. G. and Prajapati, R. K. (2004). Comparative efficacy of fungal, biological agents Fusarium udum. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences. 12(1): 75-79.
Chakraborty, M.R. and Chatterjee, N.C. (2008). Control of fusarium wilt of Solanum melongena by Trichoderma spp. Biol Plant 52: 582.
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Goudar, S.B & Srikant K (2000) Bioassay of antagonists against Fusarium udum - the casual agent of pigeonpea wilt. Kar. J. of Agric. Sci. 13 (1) 64-67.
Hemanth.G., Kumar P.K.R., Niharika S.P and Samuel. K. K (2016). Fungicides effect on soil micorflora in Tekkali Mandal, Srikakulam (Dist). Int. J. Res. Dev. Pharm. L. Sci, 5 (4): 2245-2250.
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95–101.
Sundaramoorthy, S. and Balabaskar, P. (2013). Biocontrol efficacy of Trichoderma spp. against wilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici. J. Appl. Bio. & Biotec. 1: 036-040.
Vincent, J.M. (1947). Distortion of fungal hyphae in presence of certain inhibitors. Nature, 154:850.
Biswas, K.K. and Das, N.D. (1999). Biological control of pigeon pea wilt caused by Fusarium udum with Trichoderma spp. Ann. Pl. Prot. Sci. 7: 46-50.
Chaudhary, R. G. and Prajapati, R. K. (2004). Comparative efficacy of fungal, biological agents Fusarium udum. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences. 12(1): 75-79.
Chakraborty, M.R. and Chatterjee, N.C. (2008). Control of fusarium wilt of Solanum melongena by Trichoderma spp. Biol Plant 52: 582.
Dennis, C. and Webster, J. (1971a). Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma II. Production of volatile antibiotics. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soci. 57: 41-48.
Dennis, C. and Webster, J. (1971b). Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma I. Production of non volatile antibiotics. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soci 57: 25-39.
Goudar, S.B & Srikant K (2000) Bioassay of antagonists against Fusarium udum - the casual agent of pigeonpea wilt. Kar. J. of Agric. Sci. 13 (1) 64-67.
Hemanth.G., Kumar P.K.R., Niharika S.P and Samuel. K. K (2016). Fungicides effect on soil micorflora in Tekkali Mandal, Srikakulam (Dist). Int. J. Res. Dev. Pharm. L. Sci, 5 (4): 2245-2250.
Kannaiyan J., Nene Y. L., Reddy M. V., Ryan J. G., Raju T. N. (1984). Prevalence of pigeonpea diseases and associated crop losses in Asia, Africa and America. Trop. Pest Manage., 30, 62–71.
Kappor, S.,Jaishwal, A and Shukla D.N.(2010) Antagonistic effect of Trichoderma strains against F. udum causing wilt of pigeonpea. Agri. Sci. Digest., 30 (3):189-191.
Kumar, P., Misra, A.K., Dinesh, R. M., D.R & Gupta, V.K. (2012). Biocontrol potential of Trichoderma species against mango malformation pathogens. Archies of Phytop. & Pl. Prot. 45(10) 1237-1245.
Kumar, S. (2013). Trichoderma; A Biological Weapon for Managing Plant Diseases and Promoting Sustainability. Int. J. Agric. Sci. Vet. Med. 1: 1-16.
Kumar, S., Thakur, M. and Rani, A. (2014). Trichoderma: Mass production, formulation, quality control, delivery and its scope in commercialization in India for the management of plant diseases. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 9: 3838-3852.
Kumar, S., Upadhyay, J.P. and Rani, A. (2009). Evaluation of Trichoderma species against Fusarium udum Butler causing wilt of Pigeon pea. J. Biol. Con. 23: 329-332.
Morton, D.T. and Straube, N.H. (1955). Antagonistic and stimulatory effects of microorganisms Sclerotium rolfsii . Phytopatho. 45: 419-420.
Okiror, M. A. (2002) Genetics of resistance to Fusarium udum in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]. Ind J Genet Plant Breed., 62:218–220.
Ramezani, H. (2008) Biological control of root-rot of eggplant caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Amer. Eur. J. Agric. & Env. Sci. 4(2): 218-220.
Reddy MV, Sharma SB, Nene YL. (1990) Pigeonpea: disease management. In: Nene YL, Hall SD, Sheila VK, editors. The pigeonpea. CAB International; Wallingford, Oxon: pp. 303–348.
Sabalpara, A.N., Priya, J., Waghunde, R.R. and Pandya, J.P. (2009). Antagonism of Trichoderma against sugarcane wilt pathogen (Fusarium moniliformae), Amer. Eur. J. Agric. & Env. Sci. 3: 637-638.
Sain, S.K. and Pandey, A.K. (2016). Spectrum of three isolates of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai against important fungal diseases of tomato. 6th International Conference Plant Pathogens and People. Feb.23-27, New delhi, India.
Saxena, K.B., Kumar R.V., Dalvi, V.A., Pandey, L.B. and Gaddikeri, G. (2010). Development of cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility, its inheritance, and potential use in hybrid pigeonpea breeding. doi: 10.1093/ jhered/esq028.
Shrivastava, V., Khare, N.K., Kinjulek, C.S. and Naberia, S. (2016). Physiological approaches to enhance productivity in pulses under changing climate. National Conference, 30th April, JNKVV, Jabalpur, MP.
Singh, D. (1991). Biocontrol of Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary T. harzianum. Trop. Pest.
Singh D., Sinha, B., Rai, V.P., Singh M.N., Singh D.K., Kumar, R., and Singh A.K. (2016). Genetics of Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and Efficacy of Associated SSR Markers. 32(2):
95–101.
Sundaramoorthy, S. and Balabaskar, P. (2013). Biocontrol efficacy of Trichoderma spp. against wilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici. J. Appl. Bio. & Biotec. 1: 036-040.
Vincent, J.M. (1947). Distortion of fungal hyphae in presence of certain inhibitors. Nature, 154:850.
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Bio-efficacy of Trichoderma species against Pigeonpea wilt pathogen. (2017). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 9(4), 2327-2331. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i4.1531
