Effect of bio-composts on soil fertility status and productivity of organic farm: An approach to promote sustainable agriculture
Article Main
Abstract
The findings of this research provide information on various approaches to manage and maintain soil fertility for organic crop production through composting. The initial recorded data pertaining to various conventional farming practices showed very low soil fertility status, low productivity before the initiation of organic farming. In the year prior to 2006 pH was low (4.10) and it increased to 5.40 by 2006-07. Organic carbon percentage increased to 1.35 in 2006-07 and the value of phosphorus was very low in the previous year but increased in the year 2006-07 (6.00 Kg/ha) while Potassium value increased in the year 2006-07 (395.00 Kg/ha). Input use pattern of various composts was also evaluated and it was observed that higher rates of FYM was used in case of maize-wheat+gram (614.31q/ha) in 2006-07 while higher rates of vermicompost was used in case of soybean-pea system i.e 111.11 q/ha for the year 2006-07. It was found that in the year 2006-07, among the cereals, yield of wheat was the highest (15.56 q/ha), among pulses soybean dominated (13.04 q/ha). The yield of potato (74.88 q/ha) was the highest among vegetable crops. For the year 2007-08, the yield of wheat+ lentil was the highest (10.86 q/ha). Among the pulses again yield of soybean was the highest (6.14 q/ha) and potato showed the highest yield among vegetables (73.88 q/ha). It showed that the application of compost had direct effect on productivity as the application of compost in the year 2007-08 decreased the productivity decreased subsequently as compared to initial year i.e 2006-07.
Article Details
Article Details
Keywords
Composting, Conventional, Organic, Vermicompost
References
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Sarma, A., Harbir, S. and Nanwal, R.K. (2007). Effect of integrated nutrient management on productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under limited and adequate irrigation supplies. Indian J. Agron, 52: 583-586
Schmutz, U., Rayns, F. and Firth, C. (2007). Balancing fertil-ity management and economics in organic field vegeta-ble rotations. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 87(15): 2791-2793
Sharma, P.D. (2003). Prospects of organic farming in India: proceedings of national seminar on organic products and their future prospects. Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, pp 21-29
Singh, G.R. (2001). Organic farming for sustainable agricul-ture, Indian Farming, June, pp. 12-14
Singh, J. and Singh, K.P. (2005). Effect of organic manures and herbicides on yield and yield attributes of wheat. Indian J. Agron, 50: 289-291
Stanford, S. and English. (1949). Use of flame photometer in rapid soils tests for potassium and calcium. Agron. J.41:446-447
Subbiah, B.V. and Asija. (1956). A rapid procedure for the estimation of available nitrogen in soil. Current Sc., 25:259
Sujathamma, P., Savithri, G., Kumari, N.V. and Reddy, C.R. (2001). Organic manures for soil improvement. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 21(9):792-793
Van, Bruggen. A.H.C. and Semenov, A.M. (2000). In search of biological indicator for soil health and disease sup-pression. Appl. Soil Ecol., 15:13-24
Van, Diepeningen. A.D., De, Vos. O.J., Korthals, G. and Van, Bruggen. A.H.C. (2006). Effect of organic versus conventional management on chemical and biological parameters in agricultural soils. Appl Soil Ecol., 31:120-135
Walkley, A. and Black, I.A. (1934). An examination of Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci., 37:29-37
Yadav, A.S. (2005). Effect of organic farming practices on wheat. M.Sc. Thesis, NDUA and T, Kumarganj, Faiza-bad.
Zeiger, M. and Fohrer, N. (2009). Impact of organic farming systems on runoff formation processes-A long-term sequential rainfall experiment. Soil and Tillage Research, 102 (1): 45-54
Badgley, C., Moghtader, J., Quintero, E., Zakem, E., Chap-pell, M., Aviles-Vazquez, K., Samulon, A. and Perfecto, I. (2007). Organic agriculture and the global food supply. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 22(2); 86-108
Bhawalker, U.S. (1991). Vermi-composting technology for LEISA. Proceedings of the seminar on low external input sustainable agriculture, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Bray, R.H. and Kurtz, L.T. (1954). Determination of total organic and available forms of phosphorus in soils. Soil Sci., 59: 39-45
Carpenter-Boggs, L., Kennedy, A.C. and Reganold, J.P. (2000). Organic and biodynamic management: effects on soil ecology. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 64:1651-1659
Delate, K., Duffy, M., Chase, C., Holste, A., Friedrich, H. and Wantate, N. (2003). An economic comparison of organic and conventional grain crops in a long term agro-ecological research (LTAR) site in Iowa. American Journal of Alternative Agriculture, 18: 59-69
Esperschütz, J., Gattinger, A., Mäder, P., Schloter, M. and Fließbach, A. (2007). Response of soil microbial bio-mass and community structures to conventional and organic farming systems under identical crop rotations. FEMS, Microbiology Ecology, 61 (1): 26-37
Fließbach, A., Oberholzer, H.-R., Gunst, L., Mäder, P. (2007). Soil organic matter and biological soil quality indicators after 21 years of organic and conventional farming. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 118: 273-284
Gunapala, N. and Scow, K.M. (1998). Dynamics of soil mi-crobial biomass and activity in conventional and or-ganic farming systems. Soil Biol. Biochem., 30:805-816
Hole, D.G., Perkins, A.J., Wilson, J.D., Allexander, I.H., Grio, P.V. and Evans, A.D. (2005). Does organic farm-ing benefit biodiversity. Biological Conservation, 122:113-130
IAASTD (2008). International assessment of agricultural knowledge, science and technology for development. The Journal of Peasant Studies,
Jackson, M.L. (1973). Soil chemical analysis. Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd., New Delhi.
Khan, S., Mulvaney, R., Ellsworth, T. and Boast, C. (2007). The myth of nitrogen fertilization for soil carbon se-questration. J. Environ. Qual, 36:1821-1832
Kumar, A., Tripathi, H.P. and Yadav, D.S. (2007). Correct-ing nutrient for sustainable crop production. Indian J. Fert, 2: 37-44
Larney, F.J. and Hao, X. (2007). A review of composting as a management alternative for beef cattle feedlot manure in southern Alberta, Canada. Bioresour. Technol, 98:3221-3227
Leita, L., De, Nobili., Mondini, C., Muhlbachova, G., Marchiol, L., Bragato, G. and Contin, M. (1999). Influ-ence of inorganic and organic fertilization on soil mi-crobial biomass, metabolic quotient and heavy metal bioavailability. Biol. Fertil. Soils, 28:371-376
Lichtenberg, E. (1992). Alternative approaches to pesticide regulation. Northeast J. Agric. and Resource Economics Association, 21(2)
Mäder, P., Flie?bach, A., Dubois, D., Gunst, L., Fried, P. and Niggli, U. (2002). Soil fertility and biodiversity in or-ganic farming. Science, 296:1694-1697
Magdoff, F. and Van, Es. H.M. (2000). Building soils for better crops. Jarboe, Washington, DC, 230 p.
Niggli, U. (2010). Organic agriculture and biodiversity – a review from literature. In: IFOAM,
Niggli, U., Fließbach, A., Hepperly, P. and Scialabba, N. (2009). Low greenhouse gas agriculture: mitigation and adaptation potential of sustainable farming systems. FAO, Rev., 2
Pullicinoa, D.S., Massaccesia, L., Dixonb, R., Bolb, R. and Gigliottia, G. (2009). Organic matter dynamics in a compost-amended anthropogenic landfill capping-soil. Eur. J. Soil Sci., 61: 35-47
Raviv, M., Aviani, I., Fine, P., Khatib, K and Yitzhaky, N. (2006). Mineral nutrition of peach trees with organic and inorganic fertilizers. In: Raupp J. et al., (eds) Long-term field experiments in organic farming. Verlag Dr. Köster, Berlin, pp 204-164
Raviv, M., Oka, Y., Katan, J., Hadar, Y., Yogev, A., Medina, Sh., Krasnovsky, A. and Ziadna, H. (2005). High-nitrogen compost as a medium for organic container-grown crops. Bioresour Technol, 96:419-427
Reuveni, R., Raviv, M., Krasnovsky,. A, Freiman, L., Me-dina, Sh., Bar, A. and Orion, D. (2002). Compost in-duces protection against Fusarium oxysporum in sweet basil. Crop Prot, 21:583-587
Rivero, C., Chirenje, T., Ma, L.Q. and G. Martinez. (2004). Influence of compost on soil organic matter quality under tropical conditions. Geoderma, 123: 355-361
Saadi, I., Laor, Y., Medina, Sh., Krasnovsky, A. and Raviv, M. (2010). Compost suppressiveness against Fusarium oxysporum was not reduced after one-year storage under various moisture and temperature conditions. Soil Biol Biochem., 42: 626-634
Sarma, A., Harbir, S. and Nanwal, R.K. (2007). Effect of integrated nutrient management on productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under limited and adequate irrigation supplies. Indian J. Agron, 52: 583-586
Schmutz, U., Rayns, F. and Firth, C. (2007). Balancing fertil-ity management and economics in organic field vegeta-ble rotations. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 87(15): 2791-2793
Sharma, P.D. (2003). Prospects of organic farming in India: proceedings of national seminar on organic products and their future prospects. Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, pp 21-29
Singh, G.R. (2001). Organic farming for sustainable agricul-ture, Indian Farming, June, pp. 12-14
Singh, J. and Singh, K.P. (2005). Effect of organic manures and herbicides on yield and yield attributes of wheat. Indian J. Agron, 50: 289-291
Stanford, S. and English. (1949). Use of flame photometer in rapid soils tests for potassium and calcium. Agron. J.41:446-447
Subbiah, B.V. and Asija. (1956). A rapid procedure for the estimation of available nitrogen in soil. Current Sc., 25:259
Sujathamma, P., Savithri, G., Kumari, N.V. and Reddy, C.R. (2001). Organic manures for soil improvement. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 21(9):792-793
Van, Bruggen. A.H.C. and Semenov, A.M. (2000). In search of biological indicator for soil health and disease sup-pression. Appl. Soil Ecol., 15:13-24
Van, Diepeningen. A.D., De, Vos. O.J., Korthals, G. and Van, Bruggen. A.H.C. (2006). Effect of organic versus conventional management on chemical and biological parameters in agricultural soils. Appl Soil Ecol., 31:120-135
Walkley, A. and Black, I.A. (1934). An examination of Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci., 37:29-37
Yadav, A.S. (2005). Effect of organic farming practices on wheat. M.Sc. Thesis, NDUA and T, Kumarganj, Faiza-bad.
Zeiger, M. and Fohrer, N. (2009). Impact of organic farming systems on runoff formation processes-A long-term sequential rainfall experiment. Soil and Tillage Research, 102 (1): 45-54
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Effect of bio-composts on soil fertility status and productivity of organic farm: An approach to promote sustainable agriculture. (2016). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 8(4), 1912-1918. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i4.1061
